Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of the improved preoperative guidance on bowel preparation in elderly patients undergoing colonoscopy .Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients undergoing colonoscopy were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group , each with 60 cases.The patients all received the non-residue diet three days before examination , liquid diet at the dinner one day before examination , fasting at the day of examination , and the sodium phosphate oral solution as the purgation medicine .The observation group received the improved preoperative guidance , and the control group received the conventional preoperative guidance .The quality of bowel preparation , the incidence rates of adverse reactions including nausea and vomiting , and the variabilities in blood pressure , heart rate and respiration were observed .Results The cases of patients who were pleased with the quality of bowel preparation were 53 cases in the observation group , and were significantly higher than 40 cases in the control group , and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =8.0765, P <0.01 ).The incidence rates of adverse reactions including nausea and vomiting in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group , and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =11.116 6, 13.330 8, 10.108 6, 7.529 4, respectively;P<0.01).No differences were found in the blood pressure , heart rate and respiration before the examination in two groups (P>0.05);The blood pressure, heart rate and respiration in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after the examination, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusions The improved preoperative guidance is more effectiveness and safety in bowel preparation in elderly patients with colonoscopy , and has important clinical significance .

OBJECTIVETo study the growth rhythm of preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants by investigating their physical catch-up growth characteristics.

METHODSEighty-four preterm AGA newborns (44 males and 40 females) with gestational ages between 28-36 weeks were enrolled. The weight, length and head circumference were evaluated by Z score according to the criterions of actual and corrected ages.

RESULTSThe preterm infants had the catch-up growth in weight, length and head circumference in the first year of life. The growth velocity within the first three months was the highest. The velocity in the weight catch-up was higher than that in the length.

CONCLUSIONSThe fastest growing period is the early three month of life in preterm AGA infants. The catch-up growth in weight and length is unbalanced.

Body Height ; Body Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Head ; growth & development ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; growth & development ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of myofascial trigger point electric stimulation based on mirror therapy on phantom limb pain after lower limb amputation. Methods:From May to November, 2020, 50 patients with phantom limb pain after lower limb amputation were randomly divided into control group (n = 25) and experiment group (n = 25). Both groups accepted mirror therapy, while the experiment group received myofascial trigger point electric stimulation before mirror therapy, for four weeks. They were assessed with short-form of McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Timed 'Up & Go' Test (TUGT) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) before and after treatment. Results:All the indexes improved in both groups after treatment (|t| > 8.210, P < 0.001), and improved more in the experiment group than in the control group (|t| > 5.103, P < 0.001), except the present pain intensity of SF-MPQ. Conclusion:Mirror therapy is effective on phantom limb pain after lower limb amputation in terms of pain, sleep, anxiety and walking, and the effect could be stronger after myofascial trigger point electric stimulation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CAPN10 gene in Chinese population and their relation with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han people of Northern China.

METHODSCAPN10 gene was sequenced to detect SNPs in different nationalities of China. Five SNPs were chosen to perform case-control study and haplotype analysis in 156 normal Han people of Northern China and 173 type 2 diabetes. One SNP was also analyzed with transmission-disequilibrium test (TDT) and sib transmission-disequilibrium test (STDT) in 68 type 2 diabetes pedigrees (377 people).

RESULTSA total of 40 SNPs were identified in length of 8,936 bp, with an average of 1 in every 223 bp. The SNPs in CAPN10 gene did not distribute evenly and the SNPs in Chinese were different from those reported in Mexican American. There was no significantly statistical difference in the allele frequency of the 5 SNPs between case and control, and the haplotype frequencies in the two groups were not significantly different. No positive results was found in TDT and STDT analysis.

CONCLUSIONSThe SNP distribution of CAPN10 gene differs in different nationalities. The studied SNPs in CAPN10 gene may not be the major susceptibility ones of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han people of Northern China.

Calpain ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; ethnology ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

OBJECTIVESTo confirm previous whole-genome scan results of mapping type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes in chromosome 1 in Northern Chinese Han population by conducting a new genome scan with both an enlarged number of type 2 diabetes families and a new set of microsatellite markers.

METHODSA genome scan method was applied. After multiplexed PCR, electrophoreses, genescan and genotyping analysis, size informations for all loci were obtained, and a further study was done using both parametric and non-parametric linkage analysis to calculate the P-values and Z-values of these loci.

RESULTSA total of 34 microsatellite markers distributed within 5 regions along chromosome 1 were surveyed, and 12,000 genotypes were screened. Evidence of linkage with diabetes was identified for 8 of the 34 loci (all the P-values of the 8 loci distributed in 3 regions were lower than 0.05, and the highest Z-value was 2.17). Interestingly, all the 5 markers at the P terminal 1p36.3-1p36.23 region, spanning a long range of 16.9 cM, suggested to be linked with the disease. The results of the other two regions were not consistent with the previous ones.

CONCLUSIONSThe study results have confirmed those gained in the previous genome-wide scan. The fact that all 5 loci at the P terminal region displayed linkage with diabetes suggests that more than 1 susceptibility gene may reside in this region.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CAPN10 gene in Chinese population and their relation with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han people of Northern China.

METHODSCAPN10 gene was sequenced to detect SNPs in 27 samples of different nationalities in China. 5 SNPs were genotyped with single-base extension (SBE) method to perform case-control study in 156 normal Han people of Northern China and 173 type 2 diabetes and the 3 positive loci reported in the article were performed haplotype analysis. One positive locus was also analyzed with transmission-disequilibrium test (TDT) and sib transmission-disequilibrium test (STDT) in 68 type 2 diabetes pedigrees (377 cases).

RESULTSA total of 40 SNPs were identified in length of 8,936 bp, with an average of 1 in every 223 bp; The SNPs in CAPN10 gene did not distribute evenly and the SNPs in Chinese was different from that reported in American Mexicans. There was no significantly statistical difference in the allele frequency of the 5 SNPs between case and control (P > 0.05), and the haplotype frequencies in the two groups were not much different (P > 0.05). There was no positive results in TDT and STDT analysis (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe SNP distribution of CAPN10 gene varies with different nationalities. The studied SNPs in CAPN10 gene may not be the major susceptibility ones of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han people of Northern China.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of n-butanol extract from Euryale ferox Salisb.against H2 O2-induced ox-idative injury of PC12 cells and explore the protective mechanism of this active components against Alzheimer's disease cell model.METHODS The n-butanol extracts of semen euryales were separated by the column chromatography of polyamide. PC12 cells were cultivated in vitro and treated with 200μmol/L H2 O2 for 8 h to establish the oxidative damage model.Cell via-bilities were determined by MTT assay,and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed in cell-culture medium by the corresponding kits.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of APP,BACE-1 and GSK-3β.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the 50%,70%,95% concentration of alcohol in n-butanol components of semen euryales improved the cell viability of PC12(P <0.05).The 70% alcohol components signifi-cantly increased SOD activity and decreased the content of MDA in culture supernatants(P <0.05)and significantly down-reg-ulated the expression of GSK-3β(P <0.01).CONCLUSION The 70% and 95% alcohol components of n-butanol extracts of semen euryales shows significant protective effects on oxidative stress-induced cell injury.The protection mechanism may be related to the increased SOD activity,the reduced the emission of MDA,and the inhibition the key genes associated with the accumulation of Aβ.

Objective To evaluate the quality of reporting of clinical practice guidelines of rehabilitation.Methods A comprehensive retrieve was performed in electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, China Biology Medicine disc, Wanfang data, etc., from January 1, 2017 to January 11, 2020. Supplementary searches had been done on relevant websites. Two researchers reviewed literatures and assessed the reporting quality independently by using Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT), and any disagreements needed to be discussed in a consensus meeting.Results A total of 16 guidelines were included, with an average reporting rate of (44.8±27.9)%. Among the seven domains of RIGHT, basic information was reported the highest (57.3%), and evidence (31.3%) and other information (31.3%) was the lowest. The reporting rate was less as the guidelines published in China than in foreign contries (OR = 0.80, 95%CI 0.56-1.16), in original version than in update version (OR = 0.79, 95%CI 0.54-1.16); and higher as developed by various societies or associations than developed by non-societies or associations (OR = 1.15, 95%CI 0.82-1.61), however, no statistically significant difference was found in above comparisons.Conclusion Current clinical practice guidelines of rehabilitation reported with low quality. It is proposed that future guideline developers should report guidelines after RIGHT statements, including key information and content, in order to improve the quality of reporting guidelines.

Three 2,3-diketoquinoxaline alkaloids were isolated from Heterosmilax yunnanensis Gagnep. Their structures were determined through 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV, and IR as 1-[5′-(3″-hydroxy-3″-methyl) glutaryl] ribityl-2,3-diketo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethylquinoxaline (1), 1-[2′-(3″-hydroxy-3″-methyl) glutaryl]ribityl-2,3-diketo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethylquinoxaline (2), and 1-ribityl-2,3-diketo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethylquinoxaline (3). Compounds 1 and 2 are novel compounds, and 3 was isolated from H. yunnanensis for the first time. The hepatoprotective activity of these three compounds was evaluated, with compound 3 showing promising hepatoprotective activity.