Objective To observe the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand(RANKL) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ (RANK) in bone tissue of rats with chronic fluorosis and to explore the relation between OPG/RANKL/RANK system and bone damage in chronic fluoride poisoning rat and the antagonism effects of Danlan Xianpeng capsule. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into six groups according to body weight (equal male and female in each group): fluorosis group, high dose drug group, medium dose drug group, low dose drug group, control group, borax group(positive control), 12 rats in each group. The control group drank tap water and the remaining 5 experimental groups consumed 50 mg/L fluoride water, and high, medium and low doses drug group took Danlan Xianpeng capsule at doses of 0.8,0.4,0.2 g/kg,borax group took borax at dose of 0.8 g/kg. OPG, RANKL, RANK protein in rat tibial metaphysis was detected by immunohistochemistry at the 6 month. Results Compared with the control group(173.79 ± 5.23, 174.17 ± 5.01,155.63 ± 7.11), the expressions of OPG, RANKL were increased and the expression of RANK was decreased in fluorosis group(156.83 ± 5.80, 157.74 ± 6.70, 173.92 ± 4.37), the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the fluorosis group, the expression of OPG and RANKL were decreased and the expression of RANK was increased in high-dose drug group, middle-dose drug group(169.67±5.07, 168.08 ± 5.05,162.12 ± 4.24, 170.78 ± 5.01, 168.41 ± 7.19, 166.69 ± 5.78, all P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the borax group (167.27 ± 4.08, 167.85 ± 5.01, 166.14 ± 3.95), the expression of OPG and RANKL was increased in the low-dose drug group (163.40 ± 4.11, 159.49 ± 5.78), the expression of RANK was increased in the high-dose drug group (162.12 ± 4.24) and decreased in the low-dose drug group(171.54 ± 8.06), the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Chronic fluoride poisoning can cause increased bone turnover and enhance the activity of osteoelastic absorption by increasing RANKL. Danlan Xianpeng capsule can affect bone remodeling through the OPG/RANKL/RANK system, and antagonises bone damage caused by fluoride.

To verify the differential expression of non-metastasis cell 3 (NME3) protein in HL-60 cells when they were induced to differentiate into monocyte and granulocyte like cells, and study its value in diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and a new steroidal drug NSC67657 were employed to induce acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells into monocyte and granulocyte like cells. Then the cell differentiating direction was observed by chemical staining, the degree of differentiation was determined by surface antigen CD11b/CD14 detection, and the apoptosis was excluded by phosphatidylserine valgus analysis, by which cellular differentiating model was constructed. Furthermore, RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to verify the differentially expression of NME3 before and after differentiation of HL-60 cells. At last, samples from bone marrow nucleated cells of 26 patients with myeloid leukemia, which were diagnosed definitely by clinical doctors, and 5 normal people were chosen. Then the expressing trend of NME3 protein in these testing groups was analyzed by means of comparison. The results showed that ATRA (2 µmol/L for 5 d) and NSC67657 (10 µmol/L for 5 d) could induce HL-60 cells to differentiate into monocyte and granulocyte like cells above 90% without cell apoptosis. The expression of NME3 gene and protein were down-regulated by the inducers, which was accorded with the screening results that was got using proteomics technology in the former research. The expression of NME3 protein in bone marrow from acute myeloid leukemia patients was elevated significantly as compared to normal persons. It is concluded that the expression level of NME3 protein is down-regulated after cellular differentiation, according with the changing trend in leukemia patients, which imply that NME3 protein may be a potential biomarker for diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mesylates ; pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; metabolism ; Steroids ; pharmacology ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; Young Adult

The study reports the detection of neuroprotective effect of 10 kinds of coumarin derivatives and explores their possible mechanism. MTT method was used to screen the neuroprotective effect of 10 coumarin derivatives on neurotoxic agents (Aβ25-35 and rotenone) or OGD (oxygen-glucose deprivation). A compound with better protective effect was obtained. Then the effect of this compound on neurotoxic agents on PC12 was detected by the morphological observation. Furthermore, the effect of compound 3 on microglia with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation was detected. And the inflammatory factor was tested. Finally, direct free radical scavenging ability was detected. Compound 3 was found to be the best compound through three neurons toxic models. Not only compound 3 ameliorated cell viability reduced by three neurons toxic models, but also significantly inhibited the production of inflammatory factor (TNF-α and IL-1β). And its free radical scavenging ability is very good, especially the effect on superoxide anion, which is comparable with vitamin C. The significant scavenging effect of compound 3 on superoxide anion might be the mechanism of the neuroprotection. Compound 3 as a potential neural cell protective agent merits further investigation.
Animals ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; Free Radical Scavengers ; chemistry ; Inflammation ; Microglia ; drug effects ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents ; chemistry ; PC12 Cells ; Rats

Objective To study the expression of p53,p16,PCNA protein in esophageal carcinoma and its relationship to sexual distinction,the location of disease,the biological level,the depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis.Methods 118 patients with esophageal carcinoma were included in the study,all of them were treated for the first time.p53,p16 and PCNA protein in the 118 cases of esophageal carcinoma were detected by immunohistochemical assay(SP technique). Results The positive expression of p53, p16, PCNA protein in 118 patients was 80 %(92/118),42%(50/118)and 97%(115/118),respectively.The positive expression of p53,PCNA protein were irrelated to the sexual distinction,the location of disease,the biological level,the depth of invasion and the lymph node metastasis.The loss of p16 was significantly related to the depth of invasion and the lymph node metastasis(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate mRNA and protein expressions of OPGL and M-CSF mRNA in bones of rats with experimental fluorosis induced by intake of fluoride in the drinking water, and to study the antagonizing effects of Danlan Xianpeng Liaofu capsules on the gene expression.

METHODSTotally 72 SD rats were randomly assorted into 6 groups including the control group, the fluoride group, the high-dosage (0.8 g/kg×d), mid-dosage (0.4 g/kg×d) and low dosage (0.2 g/kg×d) medication groups and the borax group (borax, 0.8 g/kg×d). The distribution of female and male rats in each group was divided up on a fifty-fifty basis. Except the control group, a NaF containing water (NaF 50 mg/L in concentration) was supplied as the drinking water for all the experimental rats in order to establish experimental fluorosis. The thickness and density of trabecula and the thickness of bone cortex were measured by light microscopy. The fluoride content in urine and bone were analyzed by using fluoride ion selective electrode method. Expressions of OPGL and M-CSF mRNA and protein were studied using RT-PCR and immuno-histochemistry, respectively.

RESULTS(1) 10/12 of the experimental fluorosis rats developed dental fluorosis, and 2/12 of dental fluorosis rats occurred in the low-dosage medication group. Fluoride content in urine and bone of the fluorosis rats increased (P<0.05). (2) Compared with that of the control rats, the bone trabecular depth, cortical thickness and trabecular density in experimental fluorosis rats were remarkably reduced. (3) Compared with that of the control group, mRNA expression of both OPGL and M-CSF was increased in the fluoride group rats. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). (4) Compared with that of the fluoride group animals, the expression intensity of OPGL mRNA decreased in animals of the control group, the high, mid- and low- dosage medication groups and the borax group. Among them, except the low-dosage group, the difference between all the other groups and the fluoride group was statistically significant, respectively (P<0.05). There was also a decrease of M-CSF mRNA in all the 3 medication groups and the borax group animals in comparing with that of the fluoride group and the difference was also statistically significant (P<0.05), respectively. (5) Compared with that of the control group. There were an increase of OPGL and a decrease of M-CSF protein expression; and in addition, there were a decrease of OPGL and an increase of M-CSF protein expression in all 3 medication groups and the borax group in comparing with that of the fluoride group anima (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSExcessive fluoride induces an accelerated bone turnover and may promote the absorption activity of osteoclasts by increasing the expression of OPGL and M-CSF. Danlan Xianpeng Liaofu capsule may be capable of regulating bone remodeling through a down-regulation on OPGL and M-CSF expression.

Animals ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone Remodeling ; drug effects ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; pathology ; Borates ; pharmacology ; Capsules ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Female ; Fluorides ; metabolism ; urine ; Fluorosis, Dental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; RANK Ligand ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Fluoride ; poisoning

Objective To judge method performance of routine biochemistry parameters on Roche Modular PPI testing system by using westgard's method evaluation decision chart.Methods We assessed imprecision(CV)from internal quality control and inaccuracy(bias)from external quality control evaluation.Combined estimates of imprecision and inaccuracy by plotting imprecision as the x-coordinate and inaccuracy as the y-coordinate to locate an expected operating point of every item on the chart.By comparing this operating point with allowable total errors(TEa),we can decide whether the performance is acceptable or not.Results In the 27 different parameters tested,imprecision and bias of calcium were 0.08 mmol/L and 0.06 mmol/L respectively,its performance was marginal.The imprecision of creatinine,urea,glucose, sodium,chloride and phosphorus were 3.20%,2.13%,1.52%,0.89 mmol/L,1.10% and 1.55%,the bias were 4.79%,0.96%,4.63%,0.80 mmol/L,1.74% and 4.13% respectively,their performance was good.M1 other 20 items were of excellence performance.Conclusions Routine biochemistry parameters on Roche Modular PPI testing system possessed good precision and accuracy,and their performance were acceptable.To judge method performance of biochemistry testing system by using westgard' s method evaluation decision chart was easy to do and suited for clinical laboratory.

Objective Color doppler ultrasonography of chronic Keshan disease (CKD) was evaluated to provide evidences for clinic diagnosis of the disease. Methods From September to Novermber 2009, according to "Diagnostic criteria of Keshan disease" (GB 17021-1997), 64 cases of CKD were randomly sampled from five Keshan diseased districts in Shandong province, Zoucheng, Sishui, Yishui, Wulian, Jvxian, and Pingyi as patient group. Thirty four healthy volunteers being checked up by Shandong Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Research were put in control group. All the subjects were examined with Color doppler ultrasonography. The indexes of cardiac structure, left ventricular (LV) systolic function and LV diastolic function were measured.Results Left atrial internal diameter, LV end-diastolic internal diameter, LV end-systolic internal diameter, right ventricular diameter, aorta diameter, right atrial transverse diameter, right atrial long diameter and left ventricle mass of the patient group[(35.38 ± 6.89), (61.57 ± 8.61), (45.39 ± 10.29), (17.22 ± 3.79), (28.69 ± 2.81),(38.00 ± 6.05), (42.68 ± 8.65)mm, (283.22 ± 103.12)g] were higher than that of control group[(26.70 ± 3.27),(45.41 ± 4.93), (26.91 ± 4.35), (13.76 ± 2.27), (24.09 ± 2.89), (31.50 ± 3.32), (35.82 ± 3.14) mm, (156.03 ±39.86)g, t = 6.93, 10.09, 9.98, 4.87, 7.64, 5.81, 4.46, 6.90, all P＜ 0.05]. The LV ejection fraction and fractional shortening of the left ventricular of the patient group[(49.25 ± 14.33)%, (26.11 ± 9.17)%] were lower than that of control group[(73.88 ± 4.04)%, (42.88 ± 3.62)%, t = - 9.79, - 10.22, all P＜ 0.05]. Diffuse hypokinetic motion of the left ventricle reduced in 95% (61/64) of CKD patients, and 5% (3/64) of CKD patients had segmental LV dyskinesia. Seventy five per sent(48/64) of the patients accompanied with mitral regurgitation, and 39% (26/64) of these cases accompanied with tricuspid regurgitation. Meaningful Mitral or tricuspid regurgitation was not found out in control group. Conclusions The CKD patients' bore of atrio-ventricular cavity and LV mass are enlarged, and their motion of ventricle is reduced or partly reduced. They have poor heart function. Mitral regurgitation are more than tricuspid regurgitation. Color doppler Ultrasonography is important in diagnosis of chronic Keshan discase.

OBJECTIVETo explore the norms of treatment of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP), and observe the curative effect.

METHODSOn basis of the pre-research, the norms of treatment of AOPP were summarized, and a multi-center clinical trial was performed in 6 hospitals selected from high incidence of AOPP in Shandong Province.

RESULTS422 patients of AOPP in 6 hospitals in observation period were treated and observed by the norms of treatment. Among them, the proportion of oral poisoning was 97.16%, middle and severe degree were 87.44%. Compared with themselves 2 years ago before standard treatment, the curative effect of the norms of treatment for AOPP was much better than before. The mortality rate of AOPP declined from 9.87% to 1.66% (Chi2 = 27.92, P < 0.01), that was much better than the average therapeutic effect level of all our province in the same period (the mortality rate: 8.92%) (Chi2 = 26.05, P < 0.01). The average amount of atropine [(37.54 +/- 17.76) mg], dropped greatly [(1280.70 +/- 69.22) mg] (U = 439.22, P < 0.01).The usage of atropine by continuous intravenous injection with venous pump was better than ordinary intravenous injection. The mean dosage of pralidoxime chloride increased twice than the previous (U = 19.48, P < 0.01). There was no drug poisoning.

CONCLUSIONThe standard treatment of AOPP is urgently needed in our country, especially in rural area. By this trial, the satisfactory effect of the norms of treatment for AOPP summarized is observed and it reduces the fatality rate remarkably.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; therapy ; Standard of Care ; standards ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Naohuandan (NHD) in treating senile dementia (SD).

METHODSClinical study: Fifty-eight patients with SD, whose diagnosis conforms to the Diagnostic Standard of DSM-IV issued by American Association of Psychiatry, were enrolled and randomly assigned into two groups. The 30 patients in the treated group were treated with NHD, 4 capsules each time, 3 times daily. The 28 patients in the control group were treated with Piracetam, 1.6 g each time, 3 times daily. The therapeutic course for both groups was 3 months. The therapeutic efficacy was estimated and compared by comprehensive scores of memory and cognition, scores of Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Experimental study: Rats were divided into the control group, the model group and the high-dosage and low-dosage NHD treated groups. The protective effect of NHD on the per-oxidative damage of hippocampal neurons in beta-amyloid protein induced SD model was observed and the related criteria were determined.

RESULTSClinical study showed that both NHD and Piracetam could improve the clinical symptoms of patients, the two medicines showing insignificant difference in total effective rate. But NHD was better in elevating MMSE score and lowering ADL score in patients than Piracetam (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Experimental study showed that (1) 24 and 72 hrs after modeling, the activity of SOD and GSH were lower and the level of MDA higher in the model group than those in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the model group at the corresponding time points, in the high-dosage NHD group, SOD and GSH were higher, MDA was lower (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); but in the low-dosage NHD group, SOD at the 72nd hr was higher (P < 0.05) and MDA at 24th and 72nd hrs was lower (P < 0.01). And most of the criteria in the high-dosage NHD group was improved better than that in the low-dosage NHD group. (2) The survival rates of neurons in various groups were not different significantly (P > 0.05) 24 hrs after modeling, but that in the high-dosage NHD group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.01) and in the low-dosage NHD group 72 hrs after modeling (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNHD is an effective Chinese herbal preparation for treatment of SD, and its mechanism is related with its inhibition on peroxidative injury and protection on neurons.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVESTo establish the testicular fibrosis model in rats.

METHODSWistar rats were divided into control group(n = 12) and model group(n = 40) randomly. Testicular fibrosis model was built with the classical method of establishing experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) combined with injecting Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) into left testis.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of EAO and the rate of testicular fibrosis were 100%, 11.1% and 100%, 81.5% at 80, 140 days after the first infection, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe model of rat testicular fibrosis was established successfully.

Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fibrosis ; Male ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Orchitis ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Testis ; pathology