Objective To explore the prevention and treatment effects of either antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) or postnatal pulmonary surfactant (PS) alone or the combination of both ACS and PS on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods One hundred and forty - three cases of RDS admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU ) from Jan. 2003 to Jan. 2007 were selected, and divided into 4 groups:group 1 received both ACS and PS (n =36) ;group 2 only received ACS(n =33) ;group 3 only received PS (n =39) ;group 4 didn't receive both ACS and PS (n =35). The clinical parameters like sex,gestational age,birth weight,mode of dellvery,associated maternal risk factors, the Apgar score,the need of resuscitation at the time of delivery and associated perinatal complications of the babies were analyzed.The relation between the 4 groups regarding the different modes of supplemental oxygen use ( nasal prong and head box), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ,the need of mechanical ventilator (MV) ,the mean NICU days to cure from the RDS and finally the treatment outcomes were compared. Results There were no significant differences between the 4 groups with regards to their general features and clinical parameters( P > 0.05 ). There was a significant difference between the groups regarding the mean hour requirement of the supplemental oxygen ( nasal prong and head box), CPAP and MV. Nasal prong : The mean hour for each group was ( 75.81 ± 15.63 ), ( 130.09 ± 27.32 ),(150.67 ±28.59) ,( 174.32 ± 25.92) h,respectively (P=0.041). Head box: The mean hour for each group was (37.16 ±5.51) ,(55.29 ±11.71 ), (62.69 ±12.39 ), ( 100.75 ± 28.10 ) h, respectively ( P = 0.047 ). CPAP: The mean hour for each group was ( 24.33 ± 4.41 ),(27.44 ±4.47), (26.53±3.13 ), (56.50 ± 5.50 ) h, respectively ( P = 0. 005 ). MV: The mean hour for MV use for each group was ( 56.12 ±15.65 ), ( 110.19 ± 21.59 ), ( 127.79 ± 26.36 ), ( 156.61 ± 12.92 ) h, respectively ( P = 0. 009 ). The mean number of days in NICU to recover for each group was ( 15.89 ± 1.29 ), (21.61 ± 2.30 ), ( 28.31 ± 3.40 ), ( 32.73 ± 4.57 ) d, respectively ( P = 0 ). The complete cure rate for each group was 63.89%, 51.52% ,35.90% ,20. 0% ,respectively. It shown a significant difference (P =0. 005 ) among the 4 groups regarding treatment outcomes. Conclusions ACS and PS combined therapy is the most effective therapy for the prevention of RDS,followed by ACS therapy alone,then PS therapy alone,and no ACS/no PS therapy is the least effective.

Object To investigate the berberine in Coptis chinensis Franch. processed with various quantity of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. and the components absorbed from E. rutaecarpa. Methods Taking berberine, evodiamine and rutaecarpine as targets, HPLC method was used to determine the components of C. chinensis, E. rutaecarpa, C. chinensis processed with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% E. rutaecarpa. Results The content of berberine in C. chinensis processed with E. rutaecarpa decreased, and that of C. chinensis processed with 20% and 30% E. rutaecarpa was higher than the rest. C. chinensis processed with E. rutaecarpa absorbed the components of E. rutaecarpa really. Conclusion The suitable quantity of E. rutaecarpa is 20% when processing for C. chinensis.

OBJECTIVE Zn-doped CuO nanocomposites (nZn-CuO NPs) are novel nanoparticles synthesized by sonochemical method.This study aimed to further investigate the antitumor effects and mechanism of nZn-CuO NPs, as well as the exact mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on nZn-CuO NPs-induced death using N-acetylcysteine (NAC). METHODS The antitumor effects of nZn-CuO NPs were evaluated by MTS assay and orthotopic transplantation tumor model in nude mice. The effects of nZn-CuO NPs with or without NAC on ROS production, DNA damage, apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, autophagy, lysosome impairment, and ER and Golgi stress were determined. Also,western blot was used to detect apoptosis and autophagy related proteins,as well as NF-κB pathway related proteins. RESULTS nZn-CuO NPs significantly inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. nZn-CuO NPs were able to cause cytotoxicity, ROS production, DAN damage mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and autophagy, and NAC can attenuate them. Further studies showed that nZn-CuO NPs induced changes of apoptosis, autophagy and NF-κB pathway related proteins, and NAC can restore them. CONCLUSION Overall, our data demonstrated that nZn-CuO NPs could inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo by ROS-dependent regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, which might be cross-linked by NF-κB pathways.

Salmonella enterica serovar Cerro 87, which was isolated from a commercial egg-producing farm, has a phosphorothioated DNA backbone resulting DNA degradation(Dnd) during the pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) process. In this research, a gene deletion mutant XTG103 was engineered with the entire dnd gene cluster knocked out by double crossover using vector pKOV-kan, and lost Dnd phenotype corre- spondingly. We regulated the DNA phosphorothioation by heterogenous expression of dnd gene cluster with an isopropyl ?-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) inducible promoter PlacZ.

AlM:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab combined with macular grid photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema ( DME) .METHODS:Totally 60 eyes ( 60 patients ) with DME were randomly divided into 2 groups: 30 eyes of simple injection group underwent intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, and 30 eyes of combined treatment group underwent intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and macular grid photocoagulation 1wk later. The best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , central macular thickness ( CMT ) measured by optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) and postoperative complications were observed.
RESULTS:ln simple injection group, the BCVA after operation were separately 0. 390 ± 0. 075 (4wk), 0. 367 ± 0. 088 (8wk) and 0. 319 ± 0. 064 (12wk), the CMT after operation were separately 221. 63 ± 112. 34μm (4wk), 337. 73±99. 56μm (8wk) and 432. 92 ± 100. 46μm (12wk), which were much better than pre-operation. But during follow-up, the BCVA presented down trend and the CMT was on the rise slowly. ln combined treatment group, the BCVA after operation were separately 0. 385 ± 0. 036 (4wk), 0.382±0.079 (8wk) and 0.377±0.097 (12wk),the CMT after operation were separately 249. 77 ± 106. 55μm (4wk), 270. 40 ± 92. 88μm (8wk) and 275. 84 ± 97. 34μm (12wk ), which were satisfactory and steady during follow-up, better than simple injection group (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON:lntravitreal injection of ranibizumab can effectively improve visual acuity and decrease central foveal thickness for patients with DME, combining with macular grid photocoagulation can ensure therapeutic effects steady and permanent.

Combining the structural features of picotamide and linotroban, a series of N,N'-bis-(halogenophenyl)-4-methoxybenzene-1, 3-disulfonamides were designed and synthesized on the basic principles of drug design. The structures of target compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and HR-MS, and the in vitro antiplatelet aggregation activity was evaluated by Born turbidimetric method with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) as the platelet aggregation inducers. The assay results showed that twelve compounds (4b, 4f, 4l, 5b, 5d-5g, 5j, 5k, 5m and 5n) were found to have superior anti-platelet aggregation activities than the positive drug picotamide. The preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) has been explored.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Drug Design ; Phthalic Acids ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Sulfonamides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

Objective To summary the nursing cooperation experience during interventional radiology treatment for patients with haemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy in order to enhance the quality of care.Methods Eighteen patients with haemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenecomy treated with interventional radiology. The nursing cooperation during interventional radiology treatment for pancreatoduodenectomy haemorrhage was summarized. Results Eighteen patients performed 29 interventional procedures. Haemorrhage was ceased in 16 cases after the last time of interventional radiology treatment. In addition, haemorrhage did not occurred in other 2 cases after treated with surgery. Conclusions The patients' conditions of haemorrhage post pancreaticoduodenecomy were complicated, so the nurses in catheter lab should prepare carefully, strengthen the interventional knowledge and do the predictable nursing care.

OBJECTIVETo screen the potential protein biomarkers in minimal residual disease (MRD) of the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) by comparison of differentially expressed serum protein between APL patients at diagnosis and after complete remission (CR) and healthy controls, and to establish and verify a diagnostic model.

METHODSSerum proteins from 36 cases of primary APL, 29 cases of APL during complete remission and 32 healthy controls were purified by magnetic beads and then analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The spectra were analyzed statistically using FlexAnalysis(TM) and ClinProt(TM) software.

RESULTSTwo prediction model of primary APL/healthy control, primary APL/APL CR were developed. Thirty four statistically significant peptide peaks were obtained with the m/z value ranging from 1000 to 10 000 (P < 0.001) in primary APL/healthy control model. Seven statistically significant peptide peaks were obtained in primary APL/APL CR model (P < 0.001). Comparison of the protein profiles between the two models, three peptides with m/z 4642, 7764 and 9289 were considered as the protein biomarker of APL MRD. A diagnostic pattern for APL CR using m/z 4642 and 9289 was established. Blind validation yielded correct classification of 6 out of 8 cases.

CONCLUSIONSThe MALDI-TOF MS analysis of APL patients serum protein can be used as a promising dynamic method for MRD detection and the two peptides with m/z 4642 and 9289 may be better biomarkers.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; classification ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm, Residual ; classification ; diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To study the dynamic changes of cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?),interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-8 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of asphyxia neonates,and to analyze the relationship between cytokines levels and severity of brain damage and neurological outcome. Methods The concentrations of TNF-?,IL-6,IL-8 in serum and CSF were measured by radioimmunoassay in 63 asphyxia neonates. Neurological development was evaluated at 12 months by children′s developmental scale of china.Results The serum concentrations of TNF-?, IL-6,IL-8 were significantly higher in asphyxiated neonates than those in the controls,and they were correlated with the degree of encephalopathy. The level of serum TNF-? was hig-(hest) at the first day and IL-6 was highest at the third day. There was no marked dynamic changes within 5 days in serum IL-8 level. The concentrations of TNF-?,IL-8 in CSF were higher at the first and the third day.The dynamic changes of IL-6 in CSF were similar in serum and they were positively correlated. The serum concentration of IL-6 in severe brain injury group was much higher than those of normal and mild group.The CSF concentration of IL-6 in severe brain injury group was much higher than that of normal group. The CSF concentration of IL-8 in severe brain injury group was much higher than those of the normal and mild group. Conclusions The concentrations of TNF-?,IL-6 and IL-8 are increased both in serum and CSF in asphyxiated neonates which are correlated with severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Cytokine-mediated inflammatory reactions may participate in the mechanism of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury after asphyxiaion.The concentration of IL-6 in serum and IL-6, IL-8 in CSF are correlated with the neurological outcome.

OBJECTIVE Cloves(Syzygium aromaticum L.)have been used as both a spice and a traditional Chinese medicinal herb for thousands of years. However, relatively little is known about its potential anticancer activity and mechanisms.In this study,we investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of water extract of cloves(WEC)against colorectal cancer. METHODS MTS assay and Colony-formation assay were used to detect the anti-tumor activity of WEC on HT-29 cells.The in vivo anti-tumor effect of WEC was detected in a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of human HT-29 cells.Autophagy was detected by flow cytometry and the expressions of autophagy related proteins(Beclin-1 and LC-3a/b)were determined by western blot. RESULTS MTS result showed that WEC significantly inhibited the viability of HT-29 cells,with the IC50values of 150 μg·mL-1.The colony-formation assay showed that the WEC significantly suppressed colon cancer cells proliferation.WEC also exhibited significant antitumor activity in tumor bearing nude mice. Flow cytometry result showed that WEC significantly induced autophagy, and the averaged relative values of fluorescence intensity were 206,251,341 and 356 in cells treated with 0,100,150 and 200 μg·mL-1WEC for 48 h.Western blot result showed that WEC treatment significantly increased Beclin-1 expression and ratios of LC3-II/LC3-I. CONCLUSION These result showed that WEC inhibited the growth of colon tumor both in vitro and in vivo, which might be related with autophagy induction, and WEC has potential to be developed as a novel anticancer agent for the treatment of colon cancer.