OBJECTIVETo evaluate the monitoring of ultrasonography in artificial vascular graft for arteriovenous fistula and its complications in patients with chronic renal failure.

METHODSEighteen cases of artificial vascular graft arteriovenous fistula after four to six weeks were enrolled. The diameter, the peak velocity and blood flow were examined in arterial fistula. And the artificial vascular diameter, the peak velocity and blood flow of artificial vessels next to artery were all examined and analyzed. And the patients with symptoms in the upper extremity were tested by ultrasound.

RESULTSIntravascular blood showed good filling in fistula and artificial blood vessels in four to six weeks after artificial vascular graft for arteriovenous fistula by color doppler ultrasonography. The arterial fistula diameter, the peak velocity and blood flow were (3.61 +/- 0.68) mm and (298.56 +/- 93.42) cm/s and (583.62 +/- 216.77) ml/min. Artificial vascular diameter in (4.47 +/- 0.61) mm, the peak velocity and blood flow were (219.37 +/- 68.42) cm/s and (325.23 +/- 117.12) ml/min in the artificial blood vessels next to artery. Seven patients with upper extremity discomfort were examined by ultrasonography. One case was serum swollen. Three cases were thrombosis in artificial vessels. One case was pseudoaneurysm. Two cases were edema.

CONCLUSIONSUltrasonography plays a significant clinic role in testing artificial vascular graft for arteriovenous fistula and its complications.

Aged ; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Postoperative Period ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

Objective To study the value of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)and high-resolution MR in evaluating the feasibility of total mesorectal excision(TME)for rectal cancer before operation.Methods Sixty-three cases biopsy-proven rectal cancer underwent MSCT and high-resolution MR examination,including CT in 35 and MR in 28.The involvement of mesorectal fascia,lymph nodes extra-fascia and the curve distance between the lesions and the anal margin were observed and compared with that of operation and pathology.Results In evaluating the involvement of mesorectal fascia,two patients were oversteped by CT and one patient by MRI,and there was no significantly statistic difference between CT and MRI.The curve distance between lesions and anal margis could be measured accurately on sagittal section of MR images in all cases.Sixteen patients had been found having metastatic lymph nodes at extra-mesorectal fascia,twelve of them were biopsy-proven.Thirty-seven patients had been found having metastatic lymph nodes at intra-mesorectal fascia,but 4 of them were inflammatory biopsy-proven.Conclusion MSCT and high-resolution MR are of significant values in evaluating the feasibility of TME in the patients with rectal carcinoma.

Specific primers 1CaA/1CaB for full cry1C gene in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.colmeri strain 15A3 were designed. The 4.0kb PCR product included the whole ORF and regulation region of cry1C gene. This PCR product was linked with shuttle vector pHT315 by two cloning steps. The recombined plasmid pHT-1C was electroporated into Bacillus cereus 9509, a kind of bacteria that beneficial to crops. The transformant could produce bipyramidal-shaped parasporal inclusions. The 60kD protein band was detected by SDS-PAGE. The bioassay result showed that the cry1C gene transformant of Bc 9509 had insecticidal activity to Spodoptera exigua.

This study was to improve the way for selecting ura5 mutants of Cryptoccocus neoformans Cap59 capsule-deficient strains.They were induced by Diethyl Sulfate. Ura5 mutants were screened by 5-fluoroorotic acid counter selection method. Using the new method, we obtained two ura5 mutants of Cryptoccocus neoformans Cap59 capsule-deficient strain.A easy method that was used to screen ura5 mutants of Cryptoccocus neoformans has been established.

AIMTo observe the influence of polysaccharides of Angelica sinensis (ASP) on the immunologic function of rat Kupffer cells.

METHODSNormal rat Kupffer cells were treated with ASP in vitro. Absorbance at 540 nm ( A540) of neutral red absorption and supernatant NO, TNF-alpha in the cells were measured to evaluate the immunologic function of Kupffer cells; LDH leakage was measured to estimate the severity of cellular damage; Rats were given ASP 0.025, 0.1, 0.25 and 1.0 g x kg(-1) ig (qd x 7 d) in vivo. The above indices and ACP of Kupffer cells were measured, sGST and sALT activity were detected as indices of hepatotoxicity.

RESULTSASP markedly enhanced the phagocytic activity, ACP and supernatant NO, TNF-alpha of Kupffer cells both in vitro and in vivo . The increase of sGST was observed after administration of ASP 1.0 g x kg(-1), but the LDH leakage of the hepatocytes was not increased in vitro.

CONCLUSIONASP with suitable dose could activate the function of Kupffer cells. Slight liver injury was caused by ASP 1.0 g x kg(-1) in vivo, which was likely caused by factors, such as NO, TNF-alpha, indirectly.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; pharmacology ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase ; blood ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; Kupffer Cells ; immunology ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Phagocytosis ; drug effects ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the distribution of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T-cells (T-regs) in tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN) in patients with non-small cell lung caner (NSCLC), and to investigate the effect of CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells on the immune status of TDLN and the progression of NSCLC.

METHODSRegional tumor-draining lymph nodes of 53 NSCLC patients were resected during the operation. The percentage of CD4+ CD25+ T-regs as a subset of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were detected by immunofluorescence and regular immunohistochemistry, respectively. The level of cytokines TGF-beta1 and IL-10 was detected by real time quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSCD4+ CD25+ T-regs in tumor-infiltrating lymph nodes from the patients with NSCLC accounted for 28.80% +/- 8.06% of total CD4+ T cells, and were significantly increased comparing with that (15.48% +/- 4.66%) in the tumor-free lymph nodes (P < 0.01). The percentage of CD4+ CD25+ T-regs in TDLN of NSCLC patients was negatively correlated with the amount of CD8+ T cells within the lymph nodes (r = -0. 756, P < 0.001), but positively correlated with the level of TGF-beta1 (r = 0.645, P < 0.001) and IL-10 (r = 0.769, P < 0.001). It also increased as NSCLC getting progressed, which was 30.42% +/- 7.47% in stage III versus 16.22% +/- 4.88% in stage I and III; 32.58% +/- 7.52% in N2 versus 22.76% +/- 4.67% in N1, with a significant difference between the two groups, respectively (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe population of CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes in patients with non-small cell lung caner is positively correlated with the progression and infiltration of lung cancer, which might provide new immunologic method to evaluate the progression and prognosis of non-small cell lung caner. The outcomes of biotherapy for NSCLC may be improved in the future through regulating the CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells.

Aged ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; pathology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Objective To explore the correlation between induced abortion and reproductive tract infections (RTIs). Methods On the basis of keeping the representation of cities under study,53 652 fertile women aged 15-49 were surveyed by using a stratified-cluster-random sampling.Investigation and gynecological examination were conducted by two steps - firstly converging at the clinics, and then visiting those households for someone who did not show up at the clinics. Results Among all the 32.0% (n=16 800) women ever having experienced the history of induced abortion,21.1%(n= 11 090) of them had one, 7.6%(n=3976) women had two, and 4.1%(n=1734) women had at least three events. 59.0%(n=30 959) women among our studied samples had ever had RTI,with 30.9% ( n = 16 215 ) of them had only one 20.0% (n = 10 494 ) women had two and 8.1% (n =4250) had three or more RTIs. Data from x2 text and ordinal regression analysis revealed that the rural married women who underwent more induced abortions were more likely to suffer from RTIs,especially cervical infection and PID. Conclusion Our study showed that the rates of induced abortion and reproductive tract infections among married women in Anhui province were both high.Women who underwent induced abortions had a higher prevalence rate of reproductive tract infections.

OBJECTIVETo observe the supplementary analgesic effect of electroacupuncture and its influence on the maintenance of anesthesia and the speed of recovery of patients undergoing craniotomy.

METHODSEighty cases of supratentorial tumor resection were randomly divided into group A and group S, 40 cases in each group. All the patients were anesthetized with 2% Sevoflurane. The patients in group A received electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) and Waiguan (TE 5), Jinmen (BL 63) and Taichong (LR 3), Zusanli (ST 36) and Qiuxu (GB 40) from anesthesia beginning to the end of operation, and in group S without electroacupuncture. The end-tidal Sevoflurane concentration, minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), bispectral index (BIS) and the information during anesthesia recovery stage were recorded, respectively.

RESULTSThe end-tidal concentration and MAC of Sevoflurane in group A at all times were significant lower than those in group S (P<0.05, P<0.01) with a Sevoflurane saving of 9.62% on average. The BIS in group A during a few phases were higher than that in group S (all P<0.05). During anesthesia recovery stage, the time of each phase in group A was significantly shorter than that in group S (all P<0.01). No dysphoria and one case with nausea and vomiting were shown in group A, but in group S, 2 patients had dysphoria and 3 patients had nausea and vomiting.

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture combined with Sevoflurane anesthesia can decrease the dosage of Sevoflurane, shorten the recovery time of anesthesia and improve the quality of anesthesia recovery of the patients undergoing resection of supratentorial tumor.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia Recovery Period ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methyl Ethers ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Middle Aged ; Supratentorial Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Young Adult

To evaluate the effects of p-octyl polyethylene glycol phenyl ether (Triton X-100), polyoxyl 35 caster oil (EL35) and polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated caster oil (RH40) on the activity of Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3 As) in vivo. Rats were administered with saline, ketoconazole (75 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), Triton X-100 (30 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), EL35 (150 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and RH40 (150 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) intragastrically for 5 consecutive days, and then given midazolam 10 mg x kg(-1) 20 min after the last treatment of ketoconazole or three surfactants with the same dose through duodenal administration. Pharmacokinetics parameters for midazolam and its metabolite 1'-hydroxymidazolam were estimated from the plasma concentration-time data by a noncompartmental approach. The results showed that multiple dose administration of Triton X-100, EL35 and RH40 decreased the ratios of 1'-hydroxymidazolam and midazolam AUC0-infinity from 1.14 to 0.90, 1.03 and 0.64, respectively. In contrast, multiple dose administration of ketoconazole caused the ratios of 1'-hydroxymidazolam and midazolam a significant decrease to 0.50. This study indicated that Triton X-100 and EL35 would have no inhibition on CYP3A, while RH40 had significant inhibition on CYP3A. Therefore, RH40 might be used to prepare drug formulations in pharmaceutical industry and would increase the bioavailability of some drugs transformed by CYP3As and further lead to significant clinical pharmacologic effects.
Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Biotransformation ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; metabolism ; Ketoconazole ; pharmacology ; Male ; Midazolam ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Octoxynol ; pharmacology ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Surface-Active Agents ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of enhanced nutritional therapy on wound healing after endoscopic therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices.

METHODSFifty patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices were randomly divided into an enhanced nutritional therapy group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25). The enhanced nutritional therapy group received one week of enhanced nutritional supplementation, including liver nutritional elements, prior to routine endoscopic therapy. The routine without any change to their diet. The rate of transformation and status of wound healing of esophageal varices were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe ratio of ulcers occurring at the injection site was lower in the enhanced nutrition group than in the control group (16/25 vs. 23/25; x2 = 5.711, P = 0.017). The enhanced nutrition group had only one case of minimal bleeding occurring during endoscopy as compared to the seven cases of bleeding in the control group (x2 = 5.357, P = 0.021). On average, the enhanced nutrition group required less sessions of endoscopic treatment to achieve eradication of esophageal varices than the control group (3.8 vs. 4.1; t = 2.069, P = 0.044).

CONCLUSIONPre-endoscopic enhanced nutritional therapy may benefit patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices by promoting recovery of procedure-related local tissue injury and occlusion of varices.

Adult ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutritional Support ; Wound Healing