In the present study, the antibacterial spectrum of turmeric extract was analyzed by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the antibacterial mechanism of turmeric extract was elaborated by determining its effects on the permeability and integrity of the cytoplasmic membrane, energy metabolism, and the morphology of the tested bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) with the highest susceptibility to the extract. The results showed that turmeric extract possessed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, especially against Bacillus subtilis, with the MIC of 0.5 mg·mL^-1. Turmeric extract disrupted the liposome membrane and released calcein encapsulated within it. The permeability of the bacterial cell membrane was increased, leading to leakage of intracellular K⁺, Ca²⁺and cell wall proteins, and the integrity of the cell membrane was broken down, causing leakage of intracellular proteins and polysaccharides. Scanning electron microscope observation confirmed that the bacteria treated with turmeric extract was severely deformed. Simultaneously, cellular energy metabolism was affected, resulting in a significant reduction in the intracellular ATP content and ATPase activity in bacteria. In summary, the antibacterial mode of turmeric extract is closely related to its disruption of bacterial membrane structure.

Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Duodenal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ganglioneuroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Paraganglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

To construct the Bac-to-Bac expression system of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), a transfer vector was constructed which contained an Escherichia coli (E. coli) mini-F replicon and a lacZ: attTN7: lacZ cassette within the upstream and downstream regions of the BmNPV polyhedrin gene. B. mori larvae were cotransfected with wild-type BmNPV genomic DNA and the transfer vector through subcutaneous injection to generate recombinant viruses by homologous recombination in vivo. The genomic DNA of budded viruses extracted from the hemolymph of the transfected larvae was used to transform E. coli DH10B. Recombinant bacmids were screened by kanamycin resistance, PCR and restriction enzyme (REN) digestion. One of the bacmid colonies, BmBacJS13, which had similar REN profiles to that of wild-type BmNPV, was selected for further research. To investigate the infectivity of BmBacJS13, the polyhedrin gene was introduced into the bacmid and the resultant recombinant (BmBacJS13-ph) was transfected to BmN cells. The budded viruses were collected from the supernatant of the transfected cells and used for infecting BmN cells. Growth curve analysis indicated that BmBacJS13-ph had a similar growth curve to that of wild-type BmNPV. Bio-assays indicated that BmBacJS13-ph was also infectious to B. mori larvae.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of serum Clara cell secretory protein 10 (CC10) and total IgE concentration in wheezing children under 5 years old.

METHODSFifty-nine children with recurrent wheezing under 5 years old were classified into two groups: wheezing group 1 with atopic high risks (n=33) and wheezing group 2 without atopic high risks (n=26). Twenty-three children without infectious diseases served as a control group. Serum levels of CC10 and IgE were measured using a solid-phase sandwich ELISA.

RESULTSThe serum levels of CC10 in wheezing group 1 (3.95 ± 1.26 ng/mL) and wheezing group 2 (5.41 ± 1.64 ng/mL) were significantly lower than those in the control group (8.72 ± 2.23 ng/mL; P<0.01). The wheezing group 1 showed more decreased serum levels of CC10 compared with wheezing group 2 (P<0.05). The serum IgE levels in wheezing group 1 were significantly higher than those in wheezing group 2 and the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum IgE levels between the wheezing group 2 and control group. There was a negative correlation between serum levels of CC10 and IgE in wheezing group 1 (r=-0.912, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSerum CC10 levels decrease remarkably in wheezing children, and more significant decrease is noted in patients with atopic high risks. Serum CC10 levels are negatively correlated to serum IgE levels in patients with atopic high risks.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Infant ; Male ; Respiratory Sounds ; immunology ; Uteroglobin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of CD138 and heparinase in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with tumor development, progression, metastasis and recurrence.

METHODSTissue microarray and immunohistochemical study (EnVision method) for CD138 and heparinase was performed on tissue microarray which consisted of 197 cases of HCC, including adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissues, and 66 cases of HCC metastases.

RESULTSThe rates of CD138 expression in HCC and adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissues were 48.7% (96/197) and 65.0% (128/197, P < 0.05) respectively. In early-stage and late-stage tumors, the expression rates were 61.7% (29/47) and 44.7% (67/150, P < 0.05) respectively. The rate in patients with metastasis was 33.3% (22/66), as compared with 53.6% (45/84, P < 0.05) in patients without metastasis. In patients with tumor recurrence occurring within or after 1 post-operative year, the expression rates were 23.3% (7/30) and 61.1% (11/18, P < 0.05) respectively. On the other hand, the rates of expression of heparinase in HCC and adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissues were 35.5% (70/197) and 12.7% (25/197, P < 0.05) respectively. In early-stage and late-stage tumors, the expression rates were 29.8% (14/47) and 37.3% (56/150, P > 0.05) respectively. The rate in patients with metastasis was 48.5% (32/66), as compared with 28.6% (24/84, P < 0.05) in patients without metastasis. In patients with tumor recurrence occurring within or after 1 post-operative year, the expression rates were 50.0% (15/30) and 44.4% (8/18, P > 0.05) respectively. In the 66 cases of metastatic HCC studied, the expression rate of CD138 was lower in the heparinase-positive subgroup (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLoss of CD138 expression is related to HCC development, progression, metastasis and recurrence. Overexpression of heparinase, when coupled with loss of CD138 expression, may take part in tumor metastasis of HCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; secondary ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heparin Lyase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; metabolism ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; secondary ; Portal Vein ; Syndecan-1 ; metabolism ; Tissue Array Analysis

OBJECTIVETo determine how patients with infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC) differ from patients with the more common infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), and observe the different expression patterns of E-cadherin and p120-catenin proteins in both ILCs and IDCs.

METHODSThe patients with ILC admitted to our hospital from Jan 1999 to Dec 2006 and patients with IDC from Jan 2000 to Dec 2000 were included in this study. All their pathological slides were reviewed, and their clinical data and treatment variables were analyzed retrospectively. Then the expression patterns of E-cadherin and p120-catenin proteins in both ILCs and IDCs were detected by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray.

RESULTSThe 5-year overall survival was 81.7% for ILCs and 79.1% for IDCs (P = 0.055). The 5-year disease-free survival was 61.8% for ILCs and 83.7% for IDCs (P < 0.001). Cytoplasmic localization of p120-catenin and loss of E-cadherin expression were more common in ILCs than in IDCs. The complete losses of E-cadherin in ILCs and IDCs were 55.6% (20/36) and 20.4% (45/221, P < 0.001), respectively. The p120-catenin showed a diffuse cytoplasmic localization in 66.7% (24/36) of ILCs and 16.3% (36/221) of IDCs (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the cytoplasmic localization of p120-catenin was clearly associated with the absence of E-cadherin expression in ILCs (P = 0.002), cytoplasmic localization of p120-catenin and absence of E-cadherin expression were observed 55.6% (20/36) in ILCs compared with 4.1% (9/221) in IDCs (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONILC has several specific biological and prognostic characteristics which are different in IDC. Different expression patterns of E-cadherin and p120-catenin proteins can be helpful to recognize ILC from IDC.

Bone Neoplasms ; secondary ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Catenins ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of Yishen Qingre Huashi Recipe (YQHR) in treating proteinuria of chronic glomerular disease patients with Pi-Shen deficiency complicated damp-heat syndrome (PSDCDHS).

METHODSTotally 121 stage 1 -2 primary chronic glomerular disease patients with PSDCDHS were randomly assigned to the treated group (85 cases) and the control group (36 cases) according to 2:1. All patients received conventional and symptomatic treatment. Patients in the treated group took YQHR additionally, while those in the control group took Losartan Potassium Tablet (50 mg each time, once per day) additionally. The therapeutic course for all was 6 months. Changes of 24 h urine protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine(SCr), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were observed at different time points. And the difference in therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with the control group after 6 months of treatment, 24 h urine protein obviously decreased in the treated group (P <0. 05). There was no statistical difference in SCr, BUN, or eGFR between the two groups after 6 months of treatment (P >0. 05). The total effective rate after 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment in the treated group was 77. 6% (66/85 cases), 82. 4% (70/85 cases), and 89. 4% (76/85 cases), respectively. They were 47. 2% (17/36 cases), 55. 6% (20/36 cases), and 61. 1% (22/36 cases) in the control group, respectively. Compared with before treatment in the treated group, the total effective effect after 6 months of treatment was higher than that after 2 months of treatment (χ2=4. 28, P <0. 01). Compared with the control group at the same time points, the total effective rate in the treated group after 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment was higher (χ2=10. 87, 9. 53, 13.16, P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONYQHR could significantly lower proteinuria in chronic glomerular disease patients with PSDCDHS, improve the clinical effect, thereby providing clinical evidence for treating chronic glomerular disease proteinuria from resolving dampness and clearing heat.

Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; complications ; therapy ; Kidney Glomerulus ; pathology ; Losartan ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Proteinuria ; etiology ; therapy ; Syndrome ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo analyze genetic mutations and explore its molecular pathogenesis for an hereditary protein C (PC) deficiency pedigree.

METHODSThe pedigree has included 15 individuals from 4 generations. Plasma levels of PC activity (PC:A), PC antigen (PC:Ag) and other coagulant parameters were determined for members of the family. The 9 exons and intron-exon boundaries of protein C gene (PROC) of the proband were amplified with PCR and analyzed with direct sequencing. Detected mutations were confirmed with reverse sequencing. Corresponding PCR fragments from the family members were also directly sequenced.

RESULTSPlasma PC:A and PC:Ag for the proband was 26% and 18.60%, respectively, both being lower than normal references. Seven members from the pedigree also had lower PC:A, six had lower PC:Ag. A compound heterozygous missense mutation, including a T to G transition at position 6128 of exon 7, which results in Phe139Val, and a G to C transition at position 8478 in exon 9, which results in Asp255His, were identified in the proband. The paternal grandma, father and two aunts were heterozygous for g.6128 T to G, whilst the mother, the second uncle, sister and son were heterozygous for g.8478 G to C. There were lower PC:A in family members with g.8478 G to C.

CONCLUSIONThe proband had inherited two independent mutations of the PROC gene including g.6128 T to G in exon 7 and g.8478 G to C in exon 9 from her father and mother, respectively. The resulting compound heterozygous mutation has caused a serious hereditary protein C deficiency.

Humans ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Protein C ; genetics ; Protein C Deficiency ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the effect of personnel activities and air purifiers on airborne microorganisms and particulate matter in bronchoscopy room.Methods According to whether there was personal activity and air purifier in the bronchoscopy room,the experiment was divided into four groups:dynamic non-purification group,dynamic purification group,static non-purification group,and static purification group,indoor air samples were collected and analyzed at five different time points (0,0.5,1,2,4 h),microorganisms in the air were collected by planktonic method,then cultured and counted,concentration of particulate matter was determined by DT-9881M laser dust particle counter,variance analysis of factorial design was used for statistical analysis.Results Colony count/concentration of airborne bacteria,fungi,total microorganisms (bacteria + fungi),PM2.5,and PM2.5-10.0 in dynamic non purification group were (113.53 ± 7.78) CFU/m3,(89.67 ± 7.17) CFU/m3,(203.20 ± 10.92) CFU/m3,(86 557.20 ±4 158.29) counts/m3,and (659.69 ± 38.91) counts/m3 respectively,in static non-purification group were (84.33 ± 3.65) CFU/m3,(65.00 ± 2.65)CFU/m3,(149.33 ± 4.98) CFU/m3,(45 812.64 ±1 279.61) counts/m3,and (189.15 ± 4.64) counts/m3 respectively,in dynamic purification group were (84.80 ±8.08) CFU/m3,(90.40 ± 5.50) CFU/m3,(175.20 ± 9.22) CFU/m3,(49 336.38 ± 2 039.16) counts/m3,and (218.36 ± 7.02) counts/m3 respectively,in static purification group were (67.80 ± 5.63) CFU/m3,(38.27 ± 3.70)CFU/m3,(106.07 ± 6.76) CFU/m3,(29 772.53 ± 2 212.93) counts/m3,and (124.80 ± 7.16) counts/m3 respectively.Colony count/concentration of airborne bacteria,total microorganisms,PM2.5,and PM2.s 10.0 in dynamic group were all higher than those in static group,non-purification group were higher than purification group(both P ＜0.05),colony count of fungi in dynamic non-purification group was higher than static non-purification group,in static purification group was lower than static non-purification group(both P＜0.05),there was no significant difference between dynamic purification group and dynamic non-purification group (P =0.936).Conclusion Personal activities can increase colony count/concentration of microorganisms and particulate matter in bronchoscopy room,air purifier can reduce the bacteria,total microbial count,and particulate matter in the air of bronchoscopy room.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of detecting serum interleukin-10(IL-10) level and the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in children with bronchiolitis.Methods Fifty-one children with bronchiolitis less than 2 years old were randomly enrolled including 27 boys and 24 girls.They were divided into 2 groups:bronchiolitis group Ⅰ,25 children with atopic high risks were included in this group;bronchiolitis group Ⅱ,26 children without atopic high risks were included in this group.Children without infectious diseases such as hernia and renal calculus had been randomly enrolled as the control group (without atopic disease and atopic family disease) (n =45),including 25 boys and 20 girls.After taking 4 mL venous blood of patients in 3 groups,1 mL was used to test the serum proportion of MDSCs by flow cytometry,and the remaining blood was used to test the level of IL-10 in the serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results 1.The proportions of MDSCs in the PBMCs in bronchiolitis group Ⅰ [(3.17 ± 0.24) ％] and bronchiolitis group Ⅱ [(1.33 ±0.25) ％] were significantly higher than that of control group [(0.78 ± 0.25) ％] (all P ＜ 0.01),and the proportion of MDSCs in the PBMCs in bronchiolitis group Ⅰ was higher than that of bronchiolitis group Ⅱ (P ＜0.01).2.The serum levels of IL-10 in bronchiolitis bronchiolitis group Ⅰ [(31.88-± 3.91) ng/L] and bronchiolitis group Ⅱ [(23.85 ±4.10) ng/L] were significantly higher than that of control group [(13.63 ± 2.83) ng/L] (all P ＜0.01),and the levels of IL-10 in bronchiolitis group Ⅰ was higher than that of bronchiolitis group Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.01).3.There was a positive correlation between the proportion of MDSCs in the PBMCs and the serum levels of IL-10 in bronchiolitis group Ⅰ (r =0.717,P ＜ 0.01),but there was not any correlation between bronchiolitis group Ⅱ and control group (r =0.262,-0.102,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion MDSCs plays a crucial role by up-regulating the IL-10 level in the process of developing asthma from bronchiolitis.