OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) on blood lead concentration and oxidative stress of tissue in prenatal and postnatal lead-exposed rats, and evaluate the potential reparation exerted by SAM on paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and long-term potentiation (LTP) in lead-exposed rat.

METHODSPregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, lead-exposed and lead-exposed with SAM treatment groups. Lead-exposed rats drank 1.5 g/L lead acetate solution through pregnancy until weaning and then the pups received 20 mg/kg SAM or saline daily intraperitoneally depending on their group. Control group rats drank tap water throughout the experiment. At the postnatal 44-60 days, all the pup rats were given an extracellular recording measured in dentate gyrus (DG) area of hippocampus. The blood lead concentration and oxidative stress in liver, brain and hippocampus were also detected.

RESULTSThe blood lead concentration in lead-exposed group was higher (159. 3 +/- 10. 9 microg/L) in comparing with those of control group (27.5 +/-3.8 microg/L) and lead +SAM group (33.1 +/-9.5 microg/L) (F=213.5, P<0.01). A significant recovery of liver, brain glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level was clearly produced in lead-exposed rats after SAM treatment (P <0.05). Chronic lead exposure during development impaired LTP measured on field excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) [(112 +/-2.1)%] compared with control rats [(131+/-4.5)%] and the impaired LTP could be significantly increased by SAM treatment [(120 +/- 2.6)%] (F = 26. 1, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSAM might be beneficial for treatment of lead intoxication, especially in the rescue of learning and memory impairment induced by lead and should deserve more detailed research.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Female ; Glutathione ; biosynthesis ; Lead ; blood ; Lead Poisoning ; prevention & control ; Long-Term Potentiation ; drug effects ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; prevention & control ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; S-Adenosylmethionine ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVESTo study the surgical techniques and clinical outcomes of the revision surgery to treat recurrent dislocation after total hip arthroplasty.

METHODSFrom March 1997 to November 2010, 12 patients (12 hips) with revision total hip arthroplasty for recurrent dislocation were reviewed. There were 5 male and 7 female, aged from 20 to 73 years (mean age 52.7 years), whose body mass index (BMI) were 14.8-30.0 kg/m2 (mean 23.6 kg/m2). The Harris score and WOMAC score were registered and analyzed before surgery and at the time of latest follow-up. Any episode of dislocation and other complications such as deep infection, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (DVT-PE) events, periprosthetic fracture, or early aseptic loosening were recorded.

RESULTSTwelve patients were successfully followed for 1.0-12.7 years (mean 4.0 years). No further dislocation episodes reported and all the hips were stable at the time of follow-up. No one complicated as deep infection, DVT-PE events, periprosthetic fracture, or early aseptic loosening. The Harris score was greatly improved from 38±21 before surgery to 81±9 at the time of last follow-up with statistic significance (t=-8.616, P<0.05) accompany with the WOMAC score elevation from 54±21 to 82±12 significantly (t=-6.200, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONWith a reasonable algorithmic approach, the recurrent dislocated total hip arthroplasty can be treated with a relatively high success rate.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Dislocation ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Failure ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo screen mutations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) patients to confirm a clinical diagnosis of TSC, and to perform prenatal diagnosis for families with mutations.

METHODSIn this study, PCR-denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC), supplemented with sequencing when necessary, was used to screen TSC1 and TSC2 mutations in 21 patients from 19 pedigrees visited author's hospital in the last five years. For novel mutations, one hundred unrelated healthy individuals were screened to exclude the possibility of polymorphism.

RESULTSSeventeen different mutations were found in 21 patients of 19 pedigrees with 13 being novel mutations, including c. 2672delA, c. 2672insA of TSC1 gene and c.4918insCGCC, c.1143delG, Intron27+1 G>A, c.1957-1958delAG, Intron5+1 G>A, c.910insCT, c.2753 C>G, c.4078dupAGCAAGTCCAGCTCCTC, Intron 11 -1 G>A, Intron 14+1 G>A, c.684 C>A of TSC2 gene, indicating a high frequency of de novo mutations in TSC. Three of these mutations were in the TSC1 gene (N762S, c.2672insA and c. 2672delA), while all remaining 14 were in the TSC2 gene. Prenatal diagnosis for TSC was performed for 7 fetuses from these pedigrees. The six fetuses that tested negative for TSC mutations were carried to term and, to date, none of these children has shown symptoms of TSC.

CONCLUSIONAuthor's data showed that a mutation detection rate of tuberous sclerosis was 89.5%(17/19) among patients in author's hospital. The ratio of TSC2 and TSC1 mutations was about 1:1 in the familial cases, but TSC2 mutation was more common than TSC1 mutation in sporadic cases. Author's data demonstrated that birth of TSC children for those with familial history of TSC could be prevented through prenatal diagnosis.

Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; diagnosis ; genetics

OBJECTIVEThe purposes of this thesis were to study the behavior about workers exposed to dust and provide scientific basis for health promotion.

METHODSWe designed a questionnaire and carry it on the 746 dust workers in the 3 representative corporations of Machinery, Ceramic, and Metallurgy Industry. All data were input into computer. And a database was established with Excel. SPSS11.5 statistical analysis software was used to analyze the influence on protecting behavioral between the application of qualifications, different jobs, training or protection, and other aspects etc.

RESULTSThe rates were 94.4% and 75.3% about the regular physical examination and requirements for protective equipment. The rate of choosing an effective way of protection was generally low (15.4%). There was significant difference for among different educational background workers (P < 0.01). The rates of choosing an effective way of protection (20.3%), the regular physical examination (98.3%) and requirements for protective equipment (86.4%) in the dust workers who participated in the training of dust protection were superior than those who did not participated in the training. There was the significant difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was the significant difference for the rate of effective way of protection, regular physical examination, and requirements for protective equipment among the different corporations (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDust workers' using rate about the choosing an effective way of protection was generally low in Machinery, Ceramic, and Metallurgy Industry. Those who were not educated had a lower using rate about the protection behavior, regular physical examination, and requirements for protective equipment than those educated.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ceramics ; Choice Behavior ; Dust ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Industry ; Male ; Metallurgy ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; utilization ; Young Adult

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic significance of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in Chinese elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Methods: 73 AML patients over the age of 60 were enrolled. CGA stratification included the following 3 instrument assessment: activity of daily living (ADL) ; instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) ; comorbidity score according to the Modified cumulative illness rating score for geriatrics (MCIRS-G) . According to CGA and age, the enrolled patients were grouped into 'fit', 'unfit' and 'frail' categories. Results: The median age of 73 elderly AML patients were 75 years old. According to CGA, 37 (50.1%) patients were classified as 'fit', 14 (19.2%) as 'unfit', and 22 (30.7%) as 'frail'. 33 (89.2%) patients in fit group received induction chemotherapy, or demethylation treatment, as 8 (57.9%) in unfit, 10 (45.5%) in frail. The overall response rate was 68.7%、62.5%, 75.0% in fit, unfit, and frail group, respectively (χ(2)=0.615, P=0.769) .The early mortality (8 weeks) in three groups were different: 5.4%, 7.1%, 27.3%, respectively (P<0.05) . The 1-year overall survival in the 'fit', 'unfit' and 'frail' groups was 64.9%, 28.6% and 22.7%, respectively (P<0.05) . The CGA score, age, ECOG score, WHO classification (2016) were the prognostic factors of AML patients. Conclusion: CGA can be used to determine the prognosis of elderly AML patients.
Aged ; Comorbidity ; Geriatric Assessment ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo develop an experimental model of composite facial and scalp allograft in canine in order to investigate technical and immunological aspects and functional recovery of facial muscles of this new approach to facial reconstruction.

METHODS(1) Anatomic study: Four mongrel dogs were used for anatomical dissection of the head and neck region and for harvesting flap experiment. (2) Autologous transplantation (group I): Three types composite facial and scalp autologous transplantation were performed in five mongrel dogs. Type I composite tissue flap (group I a n = 2) included bilateral external ear and orbicularis oculi muscle. Type II (group I b n = 1) included single-lateral external ear, orbicularis oculi muscle, external nose upper and lower lip. Type III (group I c n = 2) included single - lateral external ear and orbicularis oculi muscle. (3) Allograft transplantation (group II): In group II a (n = 2), two allograft transplantation were performed with type III composite facial and scalp . In group II b (n = 4), four allograft transplantation were performed with the modified type III composite facial and scalp which included single - lateral external ear, orbicularis oculi muscle and one third of inferior tarsal plate and palpebral conjunctiva. To prevent allograft rejection, Cyclosporin A (CsA) and Methylprednisolone (MP) or Prednisone (PS ) were combined used as immunosuppressive protocol . Dose of CsA was adjusted depending on its blood drug level. Electromyogram (EMG) of orbicularis oculi muscle was carried out at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months postoperation.

RESULTS(1) The facial anatomic characteristic of dog is similar to that of human being, external carotid artery and external jugular vein afford good blood supply to composite facial and scalp. (2) The dogs in group I c were long-term surviving with leakage of salivary juice. (3) In group II a (n = 2), one dog presented rejection reaction at 28th day postoperation, the reversal of rejection was achieved by increasing the dose of CsA and prednisone and with topical clobetasol for 2 weeks, the dog survived indefinitely( > 309 days). In group II b (n = 4), there were three dogs survived indefinitely ( > 159 days, > 129 days, > 108 days) without complication, EMG showed the function of orbicularis oculi muscle was gradually improving.

CONCLUSIONThe modified type III composite facial and scalp allograft transplantation model is an ideal model for facial allograft transplantation study.

Animals ; Dogs ; surgery ; Face ; Facial Transplantation ; Models, Animal ; Scalp ; transplantation ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Transplantation ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo investigate the health care status of female workers exposed to occupational hazards in Haidian district of Beijing and improve the labor protection of female workers.

METHODSA questionnaire provided by National Center for Women and Children's Health of Chinese CDC was used in the survey conducted to collect information about health care status of female workers in 141 factories with occupational hazards including chemical poisons and physical factors (noise, libration, microwave, high frequency and low temperature).

RESULTS141 factories were investigated, including 53 state-owned enterprises, 21 collective enterprises, 46 joint-stock enterprises, and 21 non-public enterprises. 12 251 female workers were surveyed, 10.19% (1249/12 251) of whom were exposed to occupational hazards. Of 141 factories studied, 16.31% (23/141) had no labor protection management organization.27.66% (39/141) did not provide pre-employment physical examination service to female workers.48.94% (69/141) didn't establish labor protection system for female workers in menstrual period. While, 21.28% (30/141) of the studied institutes deducted some salaries in the pregnancy, and 32.62% (46/141) deducted their wages during the puerperal period. 2.13% (3/141) arranged female workers in the posts which are forbidden by law (continuous heavy work load operation).9.93% (14/141) arranged pregnant female workers on the post forbidden by law.31.91% (45/141) and 33.33% (47/141) would deduct the time of prenatal medical examination and lactation from their working hours, respectively.39.01% (55/141) didn't afford the cost of fertility. 68.09% (96/141) had annual gynecological examination.45 factories were collected occupational examination reports, accounted for 31.91% (45/141). No female workers were found suffering from occupational disease. Of the 1865 occupational hazard factor monitoring points in 34 factories, there were 155 monitoring points, which were all noise monitoring points, did not meet the standard.

CONCLUSIONThe current health-care status of female workers is not optimistic. It is necessary to consistently improve health care legislations, establish coordinated management mechanism and strengthen the publicity of policy to protect female workers.

China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women's Health Services ; Work Capacity Evaluation ; Workplace

The cluster brand is the embodiment of the core competitiveness of an industry. Developing and cultivating cluster brand of ecological agriculture of Dao-di herbs not only helps to optimize the value chain of the Chinese medicinal materials(CMMs) industry cluster, realize the value-added of the CMMs industry cluster, but also enhance the visibility and influence of the industrial cluster, enhance the core competitiveness of the industrial cluster. This has important practical significance for promoting the "orderly" "safe" and "effective" development of the Dao-di herbs. Based on the industry development status of CMMs, this article introduces several concepts related to cluster brands and their relationships, and focuses on the cultivation models and strategies of cluster brand in the CMMs industry. Based on the current status of the development of the CMMs industry, this article introduces several concepts related to cluster brands and their interrelationships. It discusses the cultivation models and strategies of cluster brands in the CMMs industry, industry associations, Chinese medicine companies and individual growers as the support, insists on the ecological cultivation of authentic medicinal materials and the cultivation of cluster brands. Finally, it points out the direction for the high-quality development of the ecological agriculture of CMMs.
Agriculture ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Industrial Development ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal

OBJECTIVETo explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality among the elderly in Beijing.

METHODSThis analysis was based on the Beijing multidimensional longitudinal study of aging (BLSA), which included 2,090 subjects over 55 years old and was followed-up from 1992 to 2012. BMI-mortality curves were drawn to find the optimal BMI range with the lowest mortality. Cox proportional hazard models were used to obtain the hazard ratios (HRs) for BMI and BMI changes in the overall population and in specific stratified populations.

RESULTSDuring follow-up, 1,164 deaths were recorded; BMI-mortality curve was U-shaped, with the lowest mortality at a BMI of approximately 25 kg/m2. After adjusting for gender, age, smoking, drinking and some pre-existing diseases, HRs for underweight, overweight and obesity compared with normal weight were 1.372 (95% CI: 1.154-1.631), 0.767 (95% CI: 0.666-0.884) and 0.871 (95% CI: 0.830-1.246), respectively. HR for BMI drop was 3.245 (95% CI: 0.824-12.772) in the underweight group and 1.892 (95% CI: 0.830-1.246) in the normal weight group, HR for BMI rise was 1.795 (95% CI: 1.243-2.591) in normal weight group and 1.962 (95% CI: 1.202-3.203) in the overweight group.

CONCLUSIONKeeping BMI in an overweight status and stable is related to a reduced mortality.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Beijing ; Body Mass Index ; Chronic Disease ; mortality ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk Factors

In the clinical practice of rheumatic immune diseases in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM），it`s still unclear about the dominant diseases and breakthrough points. It`s urgent missions to formulate TCM diagnosis and treatment guidelines widely recognized and integrated by traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In order to clarify the dominant diseases and breakthrough points in rheumatism，China association of Chinese medicine initiated a research group covering experts in the field of rheumatism of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Based on questionnaire survey and on-site discussion，experts had reached the following consensus. Evidence-based medicine research using modern medical methods and scientific methods should be carried out to provide objective clinical evidences. "Four mutuality" were put forward as the basis for the work of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine，that is the mutual communication using the exchangeable context，the mutual explanation using common theories，the mutual certification using common standards，and the mutual integration using common means. Key works should focus on solving refractory rheumatism in the future. In terms of dominant diseases and breakthrough points，this paper introduces 21 breakthrough points in 6 dominant diseases，including rheumatoid arthritis，ankylosing spondylitis，Sjogren's syndrome，hyperuricemia and gout，systemic lupus erythematosus and fibromyalgia syndrome. Advice on this discussion can provide valuable references for developing the treatment scheme of rheumatism with TCM and integrated Chinese and Western medicine and clinical practice and scientific research.