Objective To explore overweight and obesity on pulmonary function,exercise tolerance,quality of life in COPD.Methods Patients with COPD were divided into three groups:normal body mass index (BMI) (n =43),overweight (n =34) and obese (n =36).Resting pulmonary function test,cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and St George' s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) scores were compared during all three classes of BMI.SPSS13.0 software was used.Results Normal BMI patients (47.28±3.82)％ had less FEV1/FVC compared to overweight ( 52.50 ± 8.23 ) ％ and obese (53.20 ± 8.30) ％,and the difference has statistically significance (F =8.76,P ＜0.01 ).There were significant differences in FEV1/FVC between normal BMI patients and obese (P ＜ 0.01 ),normal BMI patients and overweight(P ＜ 0.01 ),but not between obese and overweight (P ＞ 0.05) by multiple comparison.VO2 max/kg in normal group was (21.80 ± 3.67 ) ml · kg-1 · min-1,(20.19 ±4.14) ml · kg 1 · min- 1 in overweight group and (18.98 ± 3.22)ml · kg-1 · min-1 in obese group,and the differences among the three group were significant (F =5.82,P ＜ 0.01 ).Multiple comparison showed no difference between normal and overweight ( P ＞ 0.05 ),between overweight and obese group (P ＞ 0.05 ),but difference was significant between normal and obese (P ＜0.05) ; There was no difference in SGRQ score (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Weight excess may improve the airflow obstruction of resting pulmonary function test,but exercise tolerance and the airflow obstruction of CPET were worse in obese and overweight.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of necrostatin (Nec-1) on apoptosis induced by aluminum (Al), and approach the mechanism.

METHODSNeural cell death model was made by 4 mmol/L Al treated neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). Cell viabilities were detected at different concentrations of Al and/or Nec-1. Hoechst 33342/PI double staining was used to observe apoptosis and (or) necrosis that were quantified by flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI double staining. Apoptotic pathway was tested by activities of Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9. In addition, the expression of NF-kappa B and Cyt-c was measured by immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSCell viabilities were significantly decreased with the increasing concentrations of Al (P < 0.05), which could be significantly upregulated by 60 micromol/L Nec-1 (P < 0.05) and were correlated with the concentrations of Nec-1 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Apoptosis and necrosis were observed under fluorescent microscope and quantified by flow cytometry, which suggested an increasing trend of apoptotic and necrotic rates (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Whereas, Nec-1 could not only decrease the necrotic rate but also apoptotic rate as well (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Data of Nec-1 on caspases activities showed that Nec-1 could not affect Caspase-9 activity (P > 0.05) and Cty-c protein expression as well (P > 0.05). However, Nec-1 could reduce Caspase-8 activity significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and increase NF-kappa B protein expression (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and finally decrease Caspase-3 activity (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNec-1 could reduce cell apoptosis induced by Al, through Caspase-8 pathway, and up-regulate the expression of NF-kappa B protein.

Aluminum ; toxicity ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Death ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; pharmacology ; Indoles ; pharmacology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Neuroblastoma

OBJECTIVETo analyze the kinetics of hematopoietic cell chimerism in the early period after non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation (NAST) and to investigate the correlation between molecular and hematologic assessment of engraftment or rejection.

METHODShort tandem repeat-polymerase chain reaction (STR-PCR) analysis of chimerism status was carried out in 6 patients who received NAST from HLA-matched sibling donors.

RESULTSIn 5/6 patients, the peripheral blood samples collected on the first day after allograft infusion displayed the presence of mixed chimerism. STR-PCR analysis revealed a gradual increase of the donor-specific allelic signal which became dominant over the recipient-specific allele by day +7. On day +14, hematologic chimerisms were completely donor origin. Their molecular engraftments (ME) were detected at a median time of 6 days, preceding hematologic engraftment by a median of 5 days (P > 0.05). But the sixth patient showed more than 50% host residual cells on day +7 and had no signs of ME on day +14.

CONCLUSIONIt suggested that molecular monitoring of the early dynamics of chimerism after NAST could be useful in predicting engraftment, or rejection. If the engraftment was less than 50% on day +7 and failed to get ME on day +14, the graft rejection would occur.

Adult ; Graft Rejection ; Graft vs Host Disease ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tandem Repeat Sequences ; Transplantation Chimera ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective To explore and evaluate the effect of short messaging service (SMS) education on health behavior of adolescent patients with hypertension.Methods Fifty adolescent patients with hypertension were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to random number table method,with 25 cases per group.The patients in the control group received routine education,which meant that the patients were gave a real-time face-to-face verbal education by the full-time education nurses basing on the information collected when they went to hospital,including knowledge of the disease,diet,exercise,drugs,emotional response and so on.The patients in the experimental group were gave SMS education in a planned way for three months by nurses basing on the education contents of control group.The health behavior of patients were assessed and compared before and after the intervention by using the Health Bel~avior Scale.Results The total score of health behavior of the experimental group was (95.72 ± 4.23),and that of the control group was (76.08 ± 3.77),the difference was statistically significant between the two group (t =17.172,P ＜ 0.01).The scores of self-realization,health responsibility,stress management,interpersonal relationship,nutrition and exercise in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(30.24 ± 2.42) vs (23.56±2.26),(18.44±1.74) vs (15.60±1.76),(14.68±1.25) vs (9.92±1.35),(12.04±1.43)vs (10.80 ± 1.08),(13.08 ± 1.55) vs (11.80 ± 1.22),(7.24 ± 1.54) vs (4.40 ± 1.32),respectively],theses differences were statistically significant between the two groups (t =10.095,5.754,12.933,3.462,3.237,7.007,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The implement of SMS education on health behavior in adolescent patients with hypertension can help patients develop good health behaviors,and effectively control blood pressure.

The dialysis method was employed to load adriamycin into the micelles formed by temperature and pH sensitive polyhistidine-co-DL-lactide-co-glycolide-polyethylene glycol poly DL-lactide-co-glycolide-co-histidine (OLH-b-PLGA-b-PEG-b-PLGA-b-OLH). The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the copolymer was measured with pyrene fluorescent probe method under different temperatures. The entrapment rate and drug-loading rate were determined with dialysis method. The diameter, morphology and surface potential of the copolymer micelles were investigated by corresponding instruments, respectively. The release behavior of adriamycin from copolymer micelles and the pH sensitivity were studied. The CMC of the copolymers ranged from 0.022 4 to 0.001 7 microg x mL(-1). The entrapment rate and drug-loading rate were 92.8% and 15.7%, respectively. The micelles have a mean diameter of (61.7 +/- 13.4) nm, and zeta potential was -9.88 mV. The in vitro adriamycin release rate increased with the pH dropping from 7.4 to 5.0. The results indicated that the CMC of the copolymers decreased as the raising of temperature, drug release behavior from the micelles possessed clearly pH sensitivity, and the copolymers may have a potential in targeted delivery system for anticancer drugs.
Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Micelles ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Polyglactin 910 ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo determine the contamination condition of Salmonella in broiler breeding and slaughter processing in China and to investigate the distribution of antimicrobial resistance profiles.

METHODSFive large-scale broiler holdings and fourteen slaughterhouses were chosen to detect Salmonella in Henan, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Shandong provinces in 2010. A total of 835 anal swabs and 744 chicken carcasses were sampled to compare the difference of Salmonella contamination rate.Salmonella isolates were identified by serotyping according to Kauffmann-White scheme.The antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella isolates were determined by broth microdilution method and sixteen antimicrobial agents were chosen and examined.

RESULTSIn total, Salmonella isolates were recovered in 56 (6.7%) specimens among 835 collected anal swabs and 122 (16.4%) specimens among 744 broiler carcasses. Positive rate of Salmonella in broiler carcasses was higher than anal swabs (χ(2) = 36.94, P < 0.05). The dominant Salmonella serovars isolated from broiler anal swabs were S.enterica serovar Indiana and S.enterica serovar Enteritidis, accounting for 58.9% (33/56) and 32.1% (18/56) respectively. The prevalent serovars in broiler carcasses were also the two serovars and occupied 29.8% (37/124), 32.2% (40/124) respectively. Nearly 95.0% (171/180) Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, 78.3% (141/180) Salmonella strains were multi-drug resistant isolates and 20 (11.1%) Salmonella isolates were resistant to 14 antimicrobials.

CONCLUSIONOur findings indicated that Salmonella contamination was common and serious in commercial broiler production and processing course in China. Salmonella contamination rate in broiler slaughter processing performance was higher than broiler flocks. Additionally, antibiotic resistance of Salmonella was in serious situation.

Animals ; Chickens ; microbiology ; China ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Food Contamination ; Meat-Packing Industry ; Salmonella ; classification ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Serotyping

OBJECTIVEThe purposes of this thesis were to study the behavior about workers exposed to dust and provide scientific basis for health promotion.

METHODSWe designed a questionnaire and carry it on the 746 dust workers in the 3 representative corporations of Machinery, Ceramic, and Metallurgy Industry. All data were input into computer. And a database was established with Excel. SPSS11.5 statistical analysis software was used to analyze the influence on protecting behavioral between the application of qualifications, different jobs, training or protection, and other aspects etc.

RESULTSThe rates were 94.4% and 75.3% about the regular physical examination and requirements for protective equipment. The rate of choosing an effective way of protection was generally low (15.4%). There was significant difference for among different educational background workers (P < 0.01). The rates of choosing an effective way of protection (20.3%), the regular physical examination (98.3%) and requirements for protective equipment (86.4%) in the dust workers who participated in the training of dust protection were superior than those who did not participated in the training. There was the significant difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was the significant difference for the rate of effective way of protection, regular physical examination, and requirements for protective equipment among the different corporations (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDust workers' using rate about the choosing an effective way of protection was generally low in Machinery, Ceramic, and Metallurgy Industry. Those who were not educated had a lower using rate about the protection behavior, regular physical examination, and requirements for protective equipment than those educated.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ceramics ; Choice Behavior ; Dust ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Industry ; Male ; Metallurgy ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; utilization ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the feasibility of monitoring blood pressure via superficial temporal artery catheterization in neonates,which may provide more ways to monitor arterial blood pressure of neonates.Methods By lottery method,64 neonates from NICU who met inclusion criteria and needed arterial blood pressure monitoring were randomly divided into two groups.Thirty-two cases in the experimental group were treated with superficial temporal artery catheterization,while 32 cases in the control group were treated with radial artery catheterization.The success rate of one-time catheterization,indwelling time of catheter,blood pressure and the rate of complications were compared between two groups.Results There were no significant differences between two groups in the success rate of one-time catheterization,indwelling time of catheter,systolic blood pressure and the rate of complications (P＞0.05).Results showed there was significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between two groups(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with radial artery blood catheterization,neonatal superficial temporal artery catheterization showed equivalent effect,which made it more convenient for observing condition of neonates.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors related to abuse and negligence against the elderly in the rural areas. Methods 975 elderly over 60 years from 41counties in Anhui province were included. All participants completed an anonymous questionnaire including items as: educational background, marital condition, income, child-discipline, rude action to parents, daily activities, physical functions, having chronic illness, abuse and negligence against the elderly, etc. Results In the last year, rates of common physical abuse, serious physical abuse,emotional abuse, financial exploitation, negligence, overall abuse and negligence against the elderly were 4.5%, 1.5%, 26.9%, 4.9%, 7.2%, 29.9% respectively. Among the 281 victims, 80.4% reported that they were suffered more than 3 times of abuse and neglect episodes, and 34.9% reported that they were suffered more than 2 forms of abuse and negligence. The primary sadism was carried out by the daughter-in-law or son-in-law (43.2%) of the elderly. Low activity on daily life and having chronic illness were the risk factors causing common physical abuse while better education was the protective factor to it, Low ability in managing daily activity of living was the risk factor causing serions physical abuse. Less active on daily life and having rude action to parents were the risk factors to emotional abuse, but being strict with their children was the protective factor to emotional abuse. Less active on daily life, often beating their children and having rude action to parents were the risk factors related to financial exploitation. Less active on daily life, having rude action to parents and having bad physical functions were the risk factors causing negligence. Less active on daily life and having rude manner to parents were the risk factors of overall elderly abuse and negligence, but being strict with their children was protective factor to the abuse and negligence against the elderly. Conclusion High prevalence on abuse and negligence against the elderly was seen in the rural areas of China. Different forms on elderly abuse and negligence were affected by different factors that called for more attention to be paid to those elderly with lower ability in managing their daily life.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and the clinical effectiveness of Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA) in nutritional assessment of hospitalized children with CP. METHODS: A total of 208 children with CP, aged 1-5 years, who were hospitalized from April to October 2019 were enrolled as subjects. SGNA was used to investigate nutritional status, and the Z-score method recommended by the World Health Organization was used as a reference standard to validate the clinical effectiveness of SGNA. RESULTS: The detection rate of malnutrition in children with CP was 42.3% by SGNA and 39.4% by the Z-score method (P>0.05). The application of SGNA showed high consistency between different evaluators (κ=0.621, P<0.001). With the Z-score method as the reference standard, SGNA had a sensitivity of 80.5%, a specificity of 82.5%, a positive predictive value of 75.0%, and a negative predictive value of 86.7%, and high consistency was observed between the two evaluation methods (κ=0.622, P<0.001). SGNA was moderately consistent with weight-for-age Z-score and height-for-age Z-score (κ=0.495 and 0.478 respectively, P<0.001) and was poorly consistent with weight-for-height Z-score (κ=0.197, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a relatively high incidence rate of malnutrition in children with CP. SGNA can be used as a tool to assess the nutritional status of children with CP.
Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Malnutrition ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status ; Treatment Outcome