OBJECTIVETo explore the classification basis of functional dyspepsia in disease menu of acupuncture, and to provide regular analyzing process for classification of other diseases.

METHODSTaking the control group as the classification basis, and the 5-level literature classification of evidence based medicine as the estimation basis, literatures which complied with the inclusion criteria were examined according to the sequence from high level to low. Evidences of low levels were given up if support can be acquired from documents of high level.

RESULTSAcupuncture is approved to be effective for intervention on functional dyspepsia. Compared to the international accepted medicines such as Cisapride and Motilium, regular acupuncture has better therapeutic effects and less side effects in improving the gastro-power and relieving discomfort sensations.

CONCLUSIONFunctional dyspepsia pertains to grade I of disease menu of acupuncture.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dyspepsia ; classification ; therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of herb-partitioned spread moxibustion and western medicine on chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

METHODSSixty cases were randomly divided into a spread moxibustion group (n = 28) and a western medicine group (n = 32). The spread moxibustion group was treated with herb-partitioned spread moxibustion at lower limb around stomach meridian, abdomen region around Guanyuan (CV 4) and lower Jiaji (EX B 2) points; and the western medicine group was treated with oral administration of Sulfasalazine. Their therapeutic effects were observed after treatment.

RESULTSThe cured-markedly effective rate was 71.4% (20/ 28) in the spread moxibustion group, and 25.0% (8/32) in the western medicine group, the former was better than the latter (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe therapeutic effect of herb-partitioned spread moxibustion for treatment of chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis is better than that of the oral administration of Sulfasalazine with less adverse reaction, and is worth popularizing in clinic.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Young Adult

Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, -3 (VEGFR-2, -3) with their corresponding signaling pathway play significant roles in the development of the embryonic vascular system and pathological lymphangiogenesis. The study was aimed to express and purify the GST-VEGF-D fusion protein, and to explore the angiogenesis effect of VEGF-D. The total RNA was extracted from human fetal lung tissue, and the mature form of VEGF-D was expanded by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), then the plasmid pGEX-5X-1/VEGF-D was reconstructed and the GST-VEGF-D fusion protein expressed in transformed E.coli BL21-DE3. The results showed that the molecular mass of this fusion protein was 38 kD and compassed more than 15% of the total bacteria proteins. The fusion protein was recognized by anti-GST and anti-VEGF-D antibodies. The soluble GST-VEGF-D fusion protein could interact with VEGFR-3/Fc and was able to stimulate the proliferation of human erythroleukemia cell line (HEL) cells. The data of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) experiments indicated that GST-VEGF-D could induce the CAM angiogenesis. It is concluded that the GST-VEGF-D fusion protein with biological activity was successfully expressed, and which may provide an experimental model for the investigation of the VEGF-D-induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism* ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 ; Rats

Objective To study the effect of intestinal flora on the pharmacokinetics of ticagrelor in rats.Methods A total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,test A group and test B group.Rats of test groups were orally given live combined bifidobacterium and lactobacillus tablets for 7 days,respectively;rats of control group were given the same volume distilled water.On day 8,ticagrelor was orally administered to all rats.Blood samples were obtained at 0.08,0.25,0.50,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,12,24 h after ticagrelor administration.The plasma concentration of ticagrelor was determined by LC-MS/MS.The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by DAS 2.1.1 software and the statistic analysis was processed with SPSS 21.0 software.Results The pharmacokinetic parameters of ticagrelor in the test A group,test B group and control group were as follows:AUC0-t were (6336.24 ± 1840.46),(4444.05± 1033.43) and (4469.32 ±928.47) ng· mL-1 · h-1;AUC0-∞ were (6841.98 ± 1975.95),(4656.66 ± 1083.78) and (4736.47 ± 897.42) ng · mL-1 · h;Cmax were (858.65 ± 275.98),648.81 ± 215.59) and (617.49 ± 168.95)ng · mL-1;t1/2 were (6.40 ± 2.18),(5.25 ± 1.39) and (5.68 ± 2.08) h;tmax were (0.88 ± 0.23),(0.90 ± 0.21) and (1.30 ± 0.59) h;clearance (CL) were (2.82±0.72) (4.07±0.99) and (3.95±0.91) L·h-1 ·kg-1;apparent volume of distribution (Ⅴ) were (26.07 ± 12.00),(31.45 ± 14.65) and (32.95 ± 14.17) L · kg-1.There were significant differences in AUC0-t,AUC0-∞,Cmax,tmax and CL between test A group and control group (P ＜ 0.05).On the contrary,no significant differences were observed on the pharmacokinetic parameters between test B group and control group.Conclusion Increased intestinal probiotics can increase the AUC0-t,AUC0-∞,and Cmax of ticagrelor,while decrease the CL of ticagrelor.

OBJECTIVETo examine the association of the Thr394Thr polymorphism of PPARGC1A gene with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), insulin resistance (IR) and other metabolic disorders in a Chinese population.

METHODSThree hundred and seven subjects including 151 T2DM patients and 156 normal glucose tolerant controls (NC) were enrolled in this study. The Thr394Thr G/A polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Glucose, insulin, lipids levels were determined in all subjects. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences, index of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and blood pressure were also measured.

RESULTSThe diabetic subjects had higher levels of BMI, waist circumferences, blood systolic pressure, triglycerides and lower levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with those of control subjects (P<0.05). About 43.7% (66/151) of the T2DM subjects had the AG genotype, while 37.2% (58/156) in the NC group. The frequency of the A allele was 0.225 in T2DM, and 0.186 in the NC subjects. There were no significant differences either in genotype or allelic distribution of G/A polymorphism between the two groups. In the T2DM group, subjects with AA and GA genotypes had significantly higher levels of HOMA-IR, waist circumferences and lower levels of HDL-C (P<0.05) than those carrying GG genotype. HOMA-IR in subjects with AA and AG were significantly higher than those with GG genotype in both groups.

CONCLUSIONThe A allele of the Thr394Thr (G-->A) polymorphism of the PPARGC1A gene was associated with insulin resistance, and may be related to central obesity and decreased HDL-C levels in Chinese population. The relationship between this polymorphism and T2DM needs further investigation.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism

AIM:To study the growth-inhibiting and proapoptotic effects of Pim-1 kinase inhibitor SMI-4a on human acute myeloid leukemia cell line U937.METHODS:The effect of SMI-4a on U937 cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay.The apoptotic rate was assessed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-PI staining and by fluorescence microscopy with Hoechst 33342 staining.Methylcellulose was used to assess colony formation ability of the cells.The expression of β-catenin in the cell cytosol and nucleus was detected by Western blot,and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in the U937 cells was also examined.Intracellular distribution of β-catenin was detected by the method of immunofluorescence.RESULTS:SMI-4a inhibited the viability of U937 cells.Annexin V-PI staining showed that SMI-4a induced apoptosis in dose-and time-dependent manners.Hoechst 33342 staining also verified the apoptosis.SMI-4a significantly inhibited the colony formation capacity of the U937 cells.The results of Western blot demonstrated that SMI-4a upregulated the expression of PARP and Bax,downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and change the distribution of β-catenin in intracellular compartment.Immunofluorescence observation found that SMI-4a decreased the expression level of β-catenin in the U937 cells.CONCLUSION:SMI-4a induces U937 cell apoptosis through regulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes.

Objective To discuss the factors influencing the concentrations of clopidogrel active metabolite in plasma of patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods One hundred and five patients with ACS were administrated aspirin (100 mg · d-1) and clopidogrel (75 mg · d-1) for 4 days.On day 5,blood samples (approximate 4 mL) were collected at 1 h after administration with empty stomach.Half of the blood added 20 μL 2-Bromo-3'-methoxyacetophenone (MPB,500 mmol · L-1) immediately was used for the determination of clopidogrel active metabolite.And the other was used for detecting the cytochrome P450 2C19 * 2 (CYP2C19 * 2),* 3,and paraoxonase-1 (PON1).By using single factor analysis,the binary variable and ranked data related to the blood drug concentration of clopidogrel active metabolites were analyzed.And the measurement data related to the blood drug concentration of clopidogrel active metabolites were analyzed using Spearman analysis.Results The concentration of clopidogrel active metabolites had a significantly negative correlation with diabetes,hyperlipidemia,percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI),PON1 carrier (P ＜ 0.05);but positive correlation with β-blockers,statins and serum albumin(ALB) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The diabetes,hyperlipidemia,PCI can reduce the concentration of clopidogrel active metabolites in blood;while the ALB,β-blockers and statins can increase the concentration of clopidogrel active metabolites in blood.

Objective:To detect the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1(LAT1)in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL)tissues,and analyze its effect on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.Methods:A total of 92 NHL patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to April 2019 were collected.The expression of LAT1 in NHL tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and compared between patients with different pathological features(including sex,Ann Arbor stage,extranodal infiltration,Ki-67).The risk factors affecting mortality were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to detect the predictive value of percentage of LAT1-positive cells in NHL tissue for patient mortality,and analyzing the effect of percentage of LAT1-positive cells on survival rate.Results:LAT1 was positively expressed in NHL tissue.The high expression rate of LAT1 in Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups were higher than that in Ann Arbor stage Ⅰ group,that in extranodal infiltration group was higher than non-extranodal infiltration group,and that in Ki-67 positive expression group was higher than Ki-67 negative expression group(all P＜0.05).The remission rate after 3 courses of treatment in high-LAT1 expression group was 70.7％,which was lower than 91.2％in low-LAT1 expression group(P＜0.05).Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,extranodal invasion,Ki-67 positive expression and increased expression of LAT1(LAT1-positive cell percentage score ≥ 2)were risk factors for mortality.The cut-off value of percentage of LAT1-positive cells for predicting NHL death was 45.6％,and the area under the ROC curve was 0.905(95％CI:0.897-0.924).The 3-year survival rate of high-LAT1 level group(the percentage of LAT1-positive cells ≥ 45.6％)was 50.00％,which was lower than 78.26％of low-LAT1 level group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The expression level of LAT1 in NHL tissue increases,which affects Ann Arbor stage and extranodal infiltration of patients.LAT1 is a risk factor for death.