OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacokinetic and distribution of arctiin in rats. METHODS Each rat was given a single dose at random by oral administration. The arctiin in serum and organs were determined by use of RP-HPLC. All pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with a 3P87 program. RESULTS After oral administration of arctiin at the dose of 300mg·kg-1, Arctiin plasma C-T curve conform to open two-compartment model. The Pharmacokinetic parameters were as follow: A=(37.374 5±8.964 7)μg·mL-1;B=(6.210 6±1.489 3)μg·mL-1;α=(0.004 3±0.000 9)min-1;β=(0.000 4±0.000 2)min-1;Kα=(0.420 2±0.167 5)min -1;t1/2α=(115.192 6±14.382 4)min ;t1/2β=(1 485.578 1±161.173 3)min;K10 =(0.001 0±0.000 4)min -1;K21=(0.001 4±0.000 6)min -1 ;K12=(0.002 3±0.001 3)min -1 ;Cmax=(41.786 3±7.521 7)μg·mL-1 ;Tmax=(9.891 9±4.341 4)min;AUC=(22 503.272 7±4 120.182 8)μg·min·mL-1. Liver had the highest concentration of arctiin after oral administration. CONCLUSION RP-HPLC method is rapid, sensitive and specific for the research of arctiin pharmacokinetic and its distribution in rats. Arctiin is distributed and eliminated quickly in rats.

BACKGROUND:The traditional two-dimensional culture system has been widely used in the in vitro culture of human tissue stem cells,but it cannot really simulate the three-dimensional physiological microenvironment in the body, which is not conducive to the study of the biological behavior of human stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To detect the effect of the bioactivity of Col-Tgel in human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)in vitro and in vivo,by constructing a three-dimensional culture system stimulating the physiological microenvironment of the body. METHODS:(1)In vitro co-culture:Green fluorescent protein labeled MSCs(MSCs-GFP)and human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were co-cultured in Col-Tgel for 3 days (three-dimensional culture group). Human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were cultured in Col-Tgel for 3 days as single culture group. MSCs-GFP and human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were co-cultured in Transwell chamber for 3 days as two-dimensional culture group. Human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were cultured routinely as control group. The percentage of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in each group was measured by flow cytometry. In situ immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the activity of cells that were co-cultured in Col-Tgel.(2)In vivo transplantation:NOD/SCID mice subjected to 24-hour X-ray irradiation were divided into two groups: in experimental group, MSC-GFP cells were resuspended in Col-Tgel and transplanted into the tibia of NOD/SCID mice; in control group, MSCs-GFP were resuspended in PBS and transplanted into the tibia of NOD/SCID mice. The MSC-GFP growth in the bone marrow was detected by two-photon/confocal microscopy at 3 days post transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After co-culture in Col-Tgel for 3 days, the percentage of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in the three-dimensional culture group was 2.8 times that of the two-dimensional culture group, indicating that the MSCs significantly promoted the expansion of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in the Col-Tgel. The percentage of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in the three-dimensional culture group was increased by 4.5 times compared with the single culture group and increased by 1.5 times compared with the control group. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the cell viability of human MSCs and human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells was not affected after co-cultured in Col-Tgel for 3 days.In the in vivo transplantation experiment,MSC-GFP cells could survive in the medullary cavity.In summary, Col-Tgel provides a new strategy for stem cell culture and in vivo growth by forming a three-dimensional system similar to the physiological environment in vivo.

Objective To investigate the constitution and status of neurosurgery nurses in Beijing,and to provide evidence for the standardization of the hierarchical use of neurosurgery nurses.Methods A serf-designed questionnaire based on characteristic of neurosurgery nursing work was used to investigate 144 neurosurgery nurses' status and their working content.The data Were allalyzed with software SPSS 13.0.Results 82.64%of the nurses had a primary title,and 76.38%of them had a technical secondary school or junior college education background,40.28%of the nurses had been worked for less than 5 years;Nurses with different education backgrounds.title or length of service had no significant difference in"routine work"(P>0.05);There were significant differences between nurses in"professional work",such as"writing nursing document"、"rehabilitation training","operating precision iustnment",etc,and in guiding clinical practice(P<0.05).Conclusions Hidden danger exists in neurosurgery nursing work. All nurses are participating in basal nursing. Nurses with considerable working experience,professional level and age bracket become the main force in specialized nursing,teaching and nursing research.

Objective To investigate health promotion lifestyle of patients with Coronary Heart Disease and explore the correlation between background data and healty lifestyle. Methods Two hundred and eighty-two patients were conveniently investigated from a three levels hospital. Results The patients' health-promoting lifestyle scores were (125.09 ±24.722), 60.6% had unhealthy lifestyle. The patients with different age were significant in terms of healthy lifestyle (t = 0. 993, P = 0. 049). Conclusions Health responsibility and physical activity are the main factors influencing nhealthy lifestyle of patients with Coronary Heart Disease, which should be focused on by nurses. The younger patients are the group who should be given the special health education.

OBJECTIVE To study influence of arctiin from seeds of Arctium lappa on hemorheology of experimental rats with the blood stasis syndrone. METHODS The blood hemorheology parameters, Fib, aPTT and PT of experimental rats with the blood stasis syndrone were evaluated using semi-automatic biochemical analysis. RESULTS Arctiin obviously decreased their high shear, middle shear, low shear, the blood viscosity, red blood cell aggregation index, red blood cell rigidity index and reductive viscosity. It also significantly prolonged the time of aPTT and PT and lowed the Fib concentration. CONCLUSION Arctiin apparently ameliorated the blood rheology abnormality and enhanced anti-coagulation effect on experimental rats with the blood stasis.

Serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is designed to screen the efficacy material base of TCMs from the constituents absorbed into the blood after oral administration. The theory and method is in accordance with the effect characteristics of TCMs, and reflects the interaction between the body and the drugs, has become an effective pathway for researching the efficacy material base of TCMs which has been recognized and used widely. In the paper, the previous research contents and methods of the serum pharmacochemistry of TCM were reviewed, and on the basis of the further validity of the special administration form of the TCM formula and the corresponding property to TCM syndrome, the new strategy of serum pharmacochemistry of TCM integrating the metabonomics technologies was put forward. According to the strategy, we take the biological characters of TCM syndrome as a research starting point, taking TCM formula as object, using the metabolic biomarkers of syndromes or disease to evaluate the therapeutic effect of formula and screen the compounds of TCMs in serum which are highly correlated with the metabolic biomarkers through the correlation analysis, and by further biological validation to finally confirm the efficacy material basis of TCMs. Integrating with the systems biology technologies, the theory and method of serum pharmacochemistry of TCM will further develop, and open a new chapter in the interpretation of the theory of TCM.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; trends ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Metabolomics ; Serum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the metabolic chemistry and pharmaco-dynamics characters of ligan from seeds of Arctium lappa.

METHODHPLC method was used in the study. The analysis was carried out on C18 column. The mobile phase was CH3CN-0.05% H3PO4 (36:64) with flow-rate at 0.6 mL x min(-1) and wave-length of 210 nm. The column temperature was kept at 25 degrees C.

RESULTThe results indicated that the ligan was detected in plasma and the main organs 5 min after po. The main metabolic production in plasma was arctigenin. In addition, arctigenin and an unknown product were found in metabolic production in the organs.

CONCLUSIONThe method was stable,simple and reproducible. It can be used to determine the metabolic product of the ligan. The metabolic chemistry of ligan in plasma was obviously different from that in the main organs.

Animals ; Arctium ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Furans ; blood ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; blood ; metabolism ; Lignans ; blood ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Tissue Distribution

AIMTo establish an HPLC-fluorescent spectrometric method for the determination of mexiletine hydrochloride in plasma after derivatization with fluram.

METHODSFluram acetone solution was added to the deproteinized plasma with acetone to obtain the derivative of mexiletine. The HPLC method was performed on a column of Allitima C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microns) with the mobile phase of methanol-water-diethylamine-phosphoric acid buffer (2.4 mol.L-1, pH 4.0) (70:28:2), and the detective wavelength were set at Ex 392 nm and Em 480 nm.

RESULTSMexiletine has a liner range over the concentration range from 0.100-6.400 mg.L-1. The lowest detectable concentration of this method was 5 micrograms.L-1 (S/N > or = 4). The intra-day and inter-day RSDs were 1.34%-5.31%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple, selective and can be used for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and pharmacokinetic studies of mexiletine.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Fluorescamine ; chemistry ; Humans ; Mexiletine ; blood ; pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVETo analyze and identify fatty acids in the seeds of Sterculia lychnophora.

METHODThe compositions was isolated and determined by GC-MS technique, and area normalization method was used to make quantitative analyze of the content of compositions.

RESULTS21 Fatty acids and 5 other compositions were isolated and determined.

CONCLUSIONThe major fatty acids are 9,12(Z,Z)-octadecadienoic acid(37.96%), hexadecanoic acid(24.77%), 9-(Z)-octadecenoic acid(19.77%) and octadecanoic acid(5.01%).

Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Palmitic Acid ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Sterculia ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possibility of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) transfeced by adenovirus containing human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (Ad-hBMP-2) gene and their osteogenic potential.

METHODSADSCs were obtained from inguinal fat tissue of 4 weeks old SD rats. After exposure to adenovirus containing green fluorescent protein(Ad-GFP), fluorescent microscope was used to observe gene transfection effect once 12 hours. After transfected with Ad-hBMP-2, cytochemistry, immmucytochemistry and Western blot were used to examine the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC) and hBMP-2.

RESULTSAfter exposed to Ad-GFP 12 hours, 52% ADSCs were observed being transfected and 48 hours later reached 95%. The double number time belonged after transfecting with Ad-hBMP-2, and cytochemistry, immucytochemistry and Western blot examines indicated positive results of ALP, OC, hBMP-2 after 48 hours.

CONCLUSIONAdipose tissue contains abundant ADSCs which could be transfected as gene vectors by adenovirus, ADSCs transfected with Ad-hBMP-2 can convert to ostoeblasts, and can act as a kind of seed cells for osteo-tissue engineering.

Adenoviridae ; Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Cells, Cultured ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stromal Cells ; Tissue Engineering ; Transfection