The ECG sample system which is based on Microsoft Windows98/95 and IBM-compatible PCs ISA bus,is introcluced here.It includes ECG sample device,virtual device driver(VxD) and application program,By the method,we can design the device simply and make good use of the computer to programming powerful auto recognition software and telediagnosis software.The system is a cheap and mini medical apparatus.Applications in family care and community medical treatment are encouraging.

Objective To understand the status of suicidal ideation and attitudes towards suicide among university students in Harbin as well as the influencing factors. Methods A multi-stage stratified random clustered sampling procedure was used to select university students(n=5240)who were aged 16-43 years, in Harbin. Factors associated with suicidal ideation were analyzed with logistic regression by demography characteristics and scores on the suicide acceptability scale and the social support rating scale(SSRS). Results According to our data, 9.1% of the respondents had suicidal ideation and 1% had made a suicide attempt. The influencing factors for suicidal ideation were gender, major, relationship between their parents, acceptance on thc idca of suicide attempt,the state of social support and the history of suicide attempt. Conclusion The suicidal ideation of university students in Harbin should not be neglected. Measures should be taken to improve the quality of mental health and to reduce the ratio of suicide behavior among college students.

OBJECTIVETo explore the treatment and prognosis on patients with tracheal invasion by papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

METHODSForty-five patients treated for PTC with tracheal invasion between 1980 and 1995 were retrospectively analyzed. The different kinds of surgical modalities were performed according to the extent and degree of tracheal invasion by PTC. Neck dissect was performed in 39 patients. External beam radiotherapy was used postoperatively in patients with gross residual tumor or microscopic residual tumor in pathologic margins after resection. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTS(1) Twenty-eight patients with limited tracheal invasion were treated with shave excision, the 5- and 10-year survival rates were 85.0% and 62.6%, respectively. After a shave excision, the differences of 5- and 10-year survival rates between irradiated and nonirradiated patients were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (2) Ten patients were radical excision for intraluminal involvement extending through the tracheal cartilage, including circumferential sleeve resection (4 cases), tracheal window resection (5 cases) and total laryngectomy (1 case), the survival rate was 80.0% for five years and 58.3% for ten years. After a radical excision, the differences of 5- and 10-year survival rates between irradiated and nonirradiated patients were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (3) For 7 patients performing the palliative operation, the 5-and 10-year survival rates were 42.9% and 28.6%, respectively. For 4 patients received postoperative radiotherapy, the 5-and 10-year survival rates were 50.0% and 50.0%, respectively. Three patients didn't received postoperative radiotherapy, the 5-year survival rate was 33.3%, no patient survived for ten years. In these patients of incomplete resection, the differences of 5-and 10-year survival rates between irradiated and nonirradiated patients were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPTC with limited involvement of the trachea could be treated successfully by shaving tumor off the tracheal cartilage. Intraluminal involvement extending through the tracheal cartilage could be resected radically in patients with PTC. Postoperative radiotherapy could improve the survival of the patients with PTC with tracheal invasion who have been performed incomplete resection.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Trachea ; pathology ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary ; therapy

Acrylamide is a common chemical material, extensively used in industry and scientific experiments. Recently, it has been reported that starchy food cooked at high temperature can produce acrylamide. Acrylamide monomer has several toxic effects and the extensive concern for its toxicity has arisen with the finding of acrylamide formation in some processed foods. Researches have shown that acrylamide monomer can cause reproductive toxicity, including toxic effects on male reproductive behavior, male reproductive endocrine function and spermatogenesis. The mechanisms may include the effects of acrylamide on Leydig cells, the formation of motor protein/ chromosomal/DNA alkylation and damage by oxidative stress.
Acrylamide ; toxicity ; Animals ; Genitalia, Male ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; physiology ; Spermatogenesis ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of cis-combretastatin-A1 phosphate (cis-CA1P) on tumor cell proliferation, and its effects on the blood vessel formations.

METHODSMTT and IC50 values were used to assess the inhibitory effects of cis-CA1P on tumor cell proliferation. Chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane and thoracic aorta annulations isolated from rats were used to investigate the effects of cis-CAIP on the blood vessel formation.

RESULTSCis-CA1P concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferations of several cancer cell lines, including human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC-803, human leukemic monocyte lymphoma cell line U937, human melanoma cell line A375, human colon cancer cell line HCT116, human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231, and human leukemia cell line K562. Cis-CAIP significantly decreased the formation of blood vessels in chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane and in thoracic aorta annulations.

CONCLUSIONCis-CA1P inhibits cancer cell proliferation and prevents blood vessel formation.

Animals ; Aorta ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Chorioallantoic Membrane ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; prevention & control ; Phosphates ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Stilbenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Objective To observe the effect of agmatine on brain ede-ma and examine the relation between blood brain barrier ( BBB) per-meability and aquaporin 4 ( AQP4 ) and aquaporin 9 ( AQP9 ) in rats with cerebral ischemic reperfusion.Methods Health male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group , model group and test ( agmatine ) group.And 2 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion, giving agmatine ( 50 mg · kg -1 ) in test group or 0.9%NaCl in sham and model groups by intraperitoneal injection, respec-tively.Brain edema and the size of the brain infarct were assayed by brain water content and BBB permeability and 2,3,5 -triphenyltet-razoliumchloridstaining( TTC).The morphological changes of neurons were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy.And the expression of AQP4 and AQP9 were assessed by Western -blotting.Results The BBB permeability de-creased significantly and the morphological changes of neurons were reduced significantly and the expression of AQP4 and AQP9 decreased significantly in rats with agmatine.Conclusion Agmatine reduce the injury of the BBB by decreasing the expression of AQP4 and AQP9 , and relieve the neuron injury induced by brain edema.

Objective To explore the satisfaction of nurses on the work and patients on the nursing service after implementing the model of continuous scheduling and group-responsibility system,so as to to provide theories for improving nursing quality and human management.Methods Self-designed satisfaction questionaire was used to investigate nurses and patients before and after implementing the model of continuous scheduling and group-responsibility system,and nurses'satisfaction on the work and patients'satisfaction on the nursing care were observed and compared.Results The comprehensive satisfaction of nurses on the work in sixth,ninth,twelfth month after implementing the model of continuous scheduling and group-responsibility system was 91.0％,91.6％,92.3％,respectively which was higher than 80.6％ before implementing,and the difference was statistically significant ( x2 =4.74,5.56,6.40,respectively ; P ＜ 0.05 ).The satisfaction of patients on nursing increased from 90.1％ to 95.7％ after the model was implemented three to twelve months,which was significantly higher than 78.5％ before implementing( P ＜ 0.01 ).Night shift period was shortened and the nurses' satisfaction was decreased from 76.2％ to 61.8％ after the model was implemented ( x2 =6.95,P ＜ 0.01 ),while there was no difference in the situation of their mental pressure.Conclusions The scheduling revolution and group-responsibility system can provide no-gap and excellent nursing,and stimulate nurses' potential,and improve the nursing quality.But the situation of nurses' mental pressure is not improved for the lack of clinical nurses.

OBJECTIVETo construct cDNA subtracted libraries from gastric dysplasia and further screen differentially expressed genes.

METHODSRelatively pure dysplasia and normal tissue were procured by manual microdissection, and amplified by cDNA-PCR, which was used to carry on for suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Subtracted cDNA fragments were linked with vector, cloned, screened, sequenced, and made homologous search. Differentially expressed fragments were verified by dot hybridization.

RESULTSTwo subtracted cDNA libraries were constructed. Among 26 sequenced clones, 15 fragments corresponded to known genes, 3 fragments were known EST and 8 fragments were unknown EST (GenBank BQ164614-BQ164616, BQ291516-BQ291520). Fifteen fragments were verified to be differentially expressed in gastric dysplasia.

CONCLUSIONSSubtracted cDNA libraries from gastric dysplasia are constructed using combination of microdissection-cDNA PCR and SSH setup in our laboratory. Some fragments have been screened and verified to help to search for novel associated genes with gastric carcinogenesis.

Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Library ; Humans ; Microdissection ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Precancerous Conditions ; genetics ; pathology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of subchronic exposure to acrylamide on the reproduction and testis endocrine function of rats.

METHODSForty healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of equal number, exposed to acrylamide at the dose of 0, 4, 10 and 18 mg/(kg x d) respectively for 9 weeks, and then subjected to the determination of the hindlimb landing foot splay, sperm vitality and morphology, the activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the testis homogenate, and the levels of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) in the serum and testis homogenate. Based on the primary Leydig cell culture models exposed to acrylamide of 0, 0.1, 0.75, 4 and 8 mmol/L, the activity of Leydig cells was measured by the CCK-8 method.

RESULTSFollowing acrylamide exposure, the hindlimb landing foot splay increased markedly with dose increase (P < 0.01). The rates of sperm vitality were (6.86 +/- 5.46)%, (65.43 +/- 5.16)%, (60.86 +/- 4.26)% and (46.86 +/- 2.73)% in the exposed groups, significantly lower than in the control (P < 0.01); the rates of abnormal sperm were (39.00 +/- 10.95)%, (35.43 +/- 7.54)%, (45.71 +/- 13.28)% and (56.71 +/- 17.01)%, significantly increased in the 10 and 18 mg/(kg x d) groups (P < 0.05); ACP activities were (82.93 +/- 11.05), (73.52 +/- 8.77), (77.67 +/- 3.04) and (68.56 +/- 3.09) U/g prot, showing a decreasing tendency, while ALP activities were (0.96 +/- 0.15), (1.07 +/- 0.22), (1.12 +/- 0.22) and (0.74 +/- 0.10) U/g prot, displaying a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing. Both ACP and ALP activities were inhibited significantly in the 18 mg/(kg x d) group as compared with the control (P < 0.05). A marked reduction was noted in T levels in the serum, (13.44 +/- 4.76), (7.69 +/- 3.84), (5.23 +/- 1.42) and (1.36 +/- 0.86) ng/ml, as well as in the testis homogenate, (4.95 +/- 1.64), (3.01 +/- 0.76), (2.44 +/- 0.91) and (0.85 +/- 0.49) ng/mg prot, (P < 0.01), but no significant changes were observed in 17beta-E2 levels. After 24 hours exposure to acrylamide, the optical densities were 0.82 +/- 0.06, 0.56 +/- 0.07, 0.44 +/- 0.06, 0.26 +/- 0.03 and 0.45 +/- 0.21, showing an evident inhibition of the activity of Leydig cells at the dose of 0.1, 0.75, 4 and 8 mmol/L (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSubchronic exposure to acrylamide could affect the normal development of sperm, cause changes of the activity of some enzymes in the testis and significantly influence hindlimb motor coordination. Acrylamide directly damages Leydig cells and affects the endocrine function of the testis.

Acid Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Acrylamide ; toxicity ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Epididymis ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Leydig Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Motor Activity ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; blood ; metabolism ; Toxicity Tests, Chronic

OBJECTIVETo screen and analyze the important associated genes in different stages of gastric cancer.

METHODSUsing suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to screen differentially expressed genes; detecting the expression of genes in different stages of gastric cancer with dot blot hybridization; and verifying the results with semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).

RESULTSTwenty-six differentially expressed gene fragments were obtained by means of SSH. Among them,24 were known genes, 1 was a new expressed sequence tags(EST), and 1 was a hypothetical gene. The results of dot blot hybridization demonstrated that the expressions of Annexin A2, RPS29, RPS12 etc. in dysplasia were higher than those in normal mucosa; the expressions of RPS12 etc.in early cancer were higher than those in normal mucosa;the expressions of cytochromosome C oxidase II, ferritin light chain, RPS12 etc. in advanced gastric cancer and lymph node metastases were consistently higher than those in normal mucosa. The expression of proteasome 26S subunit gene in advanced gastric cancer was higher than that in normal mucosa. The expression of RPS12 was consistently higher in different stages of gastric cancer. It was demonstrated by RT-PCR that the expression of RPS12 in gastric cancer was higher than that in normal mucosa.

CONCLUSIONThe authors have identified some important genes that might be involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer, and RPS12 may play more important roles in gastric cancer.

Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genetic Testing ; methods ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics