Seventy-two strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the healthy bark, branches and leaves of Cephalotaxus hainanensis L.. Sixty-eight of them were morphologically classified into Fungi Imperfecti, thirty-three sporulated were identified to five genera. For those did not sporulate, one was identified to Rhizoctonia sp., the rest were tentatively classified into Mycelia Sterilia. Four were identified to Basidiomycetes. The result indicated the endophytic fungi of C. hainanensis show a degree of tissue specificity. There were significant differences about the quantity, genera and composition between the fungi isolated from bark and those from branches and leaves.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Penicillamine ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Zinc Sulfate ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects

The hexane extract from marine actinomycetes 124092 showed potent inhibition on B16 cell line by MTT assay. The hexane extract was fractionationed on silica gel column by vacuum liquid chromatography to afford 6 fractions(Fr1~Fr6), and Fr6 showed cytotoxic activity. To determine the bioacitve components of hexane extract, Fr6 was analyzed by GC/MS. The main components were identified as palmitic acid (11.76%), oleic acid (12.16%), linoleic acid (14.77%), and lactobacillic acid (61.31%). It have been reported that palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid possess cytotoxic activity on rat ascites tumor cells and linoleic acid have suppressive effect on human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether the polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene involved in folate metabolism is associated with Down syndrome (DS).

METHODSOne hundred Chinese mothers who gave birth to babies with DS and 100 control mothers were chosen. Genotype of MTHFR 677 was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and concentration of plasma homocysteine (HCY) was measured by chemiluminescence.

RESULTSThe MTHFR 677T allele frequency was significantly different among case mothers, compared with control mothers (P=0.002); the odds ratio for the heterozygous CT genotype was 2.12 (95%CI: 1.14-3.94), whereas for the homozygous TT genotype, the odds ratio was 3.43 (95%CI:1.41-8.36). The mean plasma HCY concentration [(9.04 +/- 3.85) mu mol/L] of cases was significantly different from that of controls [(6.53 +/- 2.06) mu mol/L](P <0.01). The presence of the 677C>T substitution in one or both alleles was associated with increased plasma HCY both in case mothers and control mothers (P < 0.01). Interestingly, although both being MTHFR 677CC, the plasma HCY concentrations were higher in case mothers than in control mothers, the increase was not dependent on MTHFR genotype (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOur results provide evidences that plasma HCY and genetic polymorphism in gene of folate pathway are risk factors for mothers to have a DS child in China.

Adult ; Alleles ; Base Sequence ; Case-Control Studies ; Down Syndrome ; blood ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Folic Acid ; metabolism ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pregnancy

From original concept and literature of acupoint, the concept and clinical significance of ashi method is discussed, which clarifies that the essence of ashi method is to locate the acupoints by patients' sensitivity on force. The clinical application of heat-sensitive moxibustion has illustrated that positioning method of this therapy is based on the appearance of heat-sensitive moxibustion sensation. Although both types are based on patients' feeling, positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion stands on a new angle and uses a new method to locate acupoint. Therefore, it is believed that the positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion is the inheritance and development of ashi method.
Acupuncture Points ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Moxibustion ; history ; methods ; Sensation

Objective To investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ampicillin-sulbactam,clindamycin and cefoperazone a- gainst common clinical isolates.Methods MICs of these three antibiotics were determined by E test.Results Ampicillin-sulbae- tam showed inhibition rate of 100% for methicillin susceptible S.aureus (MSSA),E.faecalis,Group A Streptococcus,H. influenzae,penicillin-susceptible S.pneumoniae (PSSP),M.catarrhalis and anaerobes (including 10 strains of Bacteroid spp.,2 strains of P.aches,1 strain of E.lentum,1 strain of Fusobacterium innocuum,and 2 strains of Peptostreptococcus spp.).Ampicillin-sulbactam was active against 86.7% of extended-spectrum?-lactamase non-producing K.pneumoniae (NES- BL-KPN) and 53.3% of non ESBL-producing E.coli (NESBL-ECO).Ampicillin-sulbactam only inhibited 23.3% of A.bau- mannii isolates and 25.0% of E.faecium isolates.For MSSA,anaerobes,PSSP and group A Streptococcus,about 60.0%, 31.2%,30.0% and 10.0% of the isolates were susceptible to clindamycin,respectively.For MSSA,NESBL-ECO and NES- BL-KPN,96.7% to 100% of the isolates were susceptible to cefoperazone.About 40.0% of P.aeruginosa isolates were sus- ceptible to cefoperazone.No A.baumannii isolate was susceptible to cefoperazone.Conclusions The ampicillin-sulbactam has good antimicrobial activity against MSSA,E.faecalis,Group A Streptococcus,NESBL-KPN,H.influenzae,PSSP,M.ca- tarrhalis and anaerobes.In this study,clindamycin is active against 60% of MSSA isolates.Most of other species are relatively resistant to clindamycin.Cefoperazone shows good activity against MSSA,NESBL-ECO,and NESBL-KPN.These three anti- microbial agents can be used as empirical treatment for community-acquired infections.

AIMTo investigate the coordinated role and its mechanism of the high protein and hypercholesterol intake on inducing rat myocardial fibrosis.

METHODSThe tissue level of the collagen in left ventricule, the concentrations of the plasma and the cardiac tissue angiotensin II (Ang II) and Aldosterone (Ald), the serum concentration of nitrite (NO2-), in the Wistar rats on diet which adding 20% protein or/and 100 mg/d cholesterin in the rat standard foods for 8 weeks, were measured by the colorimetric analysis of the hydroxyproline, by the radioimmunoassay, and by the assay of Griess, respectively.

RESULTS1.69 times left ventricular collagen contents, 0.7 times plasma concentrations of total cholesterin, 1.5 times levels of the plasma Ang II and 1 time myocardial ald contents were higher, and the serum NO2- concentration was significant lower, in the rats of the high protein and hypercholesterol intake than in the rats of the high protein intake. That 0.48 times left ventricular collagen contents, 0.23 times plasma Ang II in the high protein and hypercholesterol intake rats were higher than in the high cholesterin intake rats.

CONCLUSIONThe excessive protein and cholesterin intake can induce the coordinated effect on developing the myocardial fibrosis of rats. And the mechanism of the fibrosis in rat left ventricule maybe result with the activation of RAAS and the endothelial injury.

Animals ; Cardiomyopathies ; etiology ; pathology ; Cholesterol, Dietary ; adverse effects ; Dietary Proteins ; adverse effects ; Fibrosis ; Male ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

AIMTo investigate the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra in ovariectomized rat model of Parkinson's disease and the possible mechanisms.

METHODSWistar female rats were ovariectomized and treated with vehicle, ginsenoside Rg1 or 17-beta estradiol intracerebroventricularly in the 6-OHDA induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive neurons and the protein expression of Bcl-2. Perls' iron staining was used to determine the changes of iron in substantia nigra (SN).

RESULTS910 Rg1 or 17-beta estradiol treatment could ameliorate the rat's rotational behavior induced by apomorphine. 92) Rg1 or 17-beta estradiol treatment could increase TH immunoreactive neurons in the injured side of SN compared to the 6-OHDA group. (3) Iron staining in the injured side of SN was significantly increased comparing with the contralateral side in the 6-OHDA group. Rg1 or 17-beta estradiol treatment could reverse the increase of iron staining. (4) Both Rg1 and 17-beta estradiol treatment could increase Bcl-2 protein expression in the injured side of SN compared to the 6 OHDA group.

CONCLUSIONGinsenoside Rg1 has estrogen-like activities and has neuroprotective effects on the dopaminergic neurons in the 6-OHDA induced ovariectomyzed(OVX) rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). This effect may be attributed to attenuating iron overload and anti-apoptosis.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; drug effects ; Female ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Ovariectomy ; Oxidopamine ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Substantia Nigra ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo discuss the treatment effect of immunoglobulin in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS).

METHODSThe clinical data of AIDS with GBS, diagnosed by clinical and laboratory methods, were retrospectively analyzed, and literature retrieval analyzed.

RESULTSAfter treatment by immunoglobulin and antiviral. The patient's peripheral nerve injury recovered, and the number of HIV decreased.

CONCLUSIONImmunoglobulin has a therapeutic effect for HIV infection related GBS, and beneficial to antiviral treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; immunology ; Aged ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; therapeutic use ; Male

To find out a novel lead compound from heterocyclic amine Schiff bases for developing new antitumor agents, each of (4-amino-5-substituted-s-triazol-3-ylthio) -acetic acids 2a-j was condensed with anthracene-9-carbaldehyde to obtain Schiff-bases of [4-(anthracen-9-yl methylene) amino] -5-substituted-s-triazol-3-ylsulfanyl] -acetic acids 3a-j. The structures of new compounds synthesized were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral data, and in vitro antitumor activity was also evaluated against CHO, HL60 and L1210 cell lines by MTT assay.
Acetic Acid ; chemistry ; Animals ; Anthracenes ; chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia L1210 ; pathology ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Schiff Bases ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Triazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology