Abstract: Objective　To find out the existing problems and provide reference for further improving the quality of report information by analyzing the report cards of COVID-19 and the positive report cards of primary screening reported in Ningxia. Methods　All COVID-19 case cards from 2020 to 2021 and initial screening positive cards were derived from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention according to final review date. The timeliness of case reporting, timeliness of case review, completeness and accuracy of the case cards were analyzed. Results　In Ningxia, the first case of COVID-19 was reported on January 20, 2020, and as of December 31, 2021, 122 confirmed cases and 4 symptomatic infected cases were reported. In 2021, the timely reporting rate of COVID-19 was 98.00%, which increased by 8.24% compared with 2020 (90.54%). Compared with 2020, the average time limit for diagnosis to reporting of COVID-19 in 2021 was shortened by 83.12%; in 2021, the timely review rate of COVID-19 was 100.00%, which increased by 13.84% compared with 2020 (87.84%). Compared with 2020, the time from reporting to final review was shortened by 98.91%. In 2021, the timely rate of positive reports in COVID-19 in Ningxia was 90.00%, among which the timely rate of reports by county (district) nucleic acid detection institutions was the highest (92.31%), followed by municipal (91.67%) and autonomous region (81.82%). Conclusions　At the beginning of the epidemic in 2020, the timeliness of COVID-19 in Ningxia was poor, and through the implementation of measures such as technical training, supervision and inspection to continuously optimize the staffing of medical institutions and disease control institutions, the timeliness of reporting COVID-19 in Ningxia in 2021 was substantially improved, but there were still some weak links. In the future work, technical guidance and training should be carried out for weak links, and efforts should be made to improve the quality of reports.

Objective To explore the activation and function of Janus protein-tyrosine kinase (JAK)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT1) signal transduction pathway in kidney,lung and brain of MRL/lpr mice.Methods MRL/lpr mice with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were studied at the age of 12 weeks up.Non-SLE MRL/lpr mice were used as controls.We used phosphospecific antibodies to detect STAT1 activation in kidney,lung and brain by immunohistochemistry and Western blots.Gene expression of the STAT induced feedback inhibitors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1) was investigated by SYBR green I real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results Phosphorylation of STAT1 protein was markedly activated in these three organs,although renal and pulmonary STAT1 activation were much more evidently activated.SOCS-1 gene expression increased in all three organs,while renal SOCS-1 gene expres- sion increased less than lung and brain.Conclusion The activation of JAK/STATI signal transduction path- way may be pathogenic in the organ involvement and progression of SLE.The pathogenesis of lupus nephritis may also be associated with the down-regulation of SOCS-1 feedback inhibition.

Antibody against the angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1-Ab) could disturb placental development. The placenta is the key organ between mother and fetus. Placental damage will seriously impair fetal growth and development in utero, leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Based on the fetal origins of adult disease (FOAD) hypothesis, IUGR could increase a propensity to develop adult onset cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study was designed to determine whether vascular function has changed in the adult offspring of AT1-Ab positive pregnant rats. Twenty four female rats (8-week-old, AT1-Ab negative) were randomly divided into two groups, immunized and vehicle groups. Immunized group received active immunization to establish AT1-Ab-positive model, while vehicle group was subjected to Freund's adjuvant without antigen. After 8 weeks of immunization, the antibody titers in sera from the female rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then all the female rats were mated with normal Wistar male rats and became pregnant. Immunized/vehicle group offspring rats (I offspring/V offspring) were raised to 40-week-old under standard chow feeding. Then the two groups' offspring rats were given a high-salt diet for 12 weeks (4% NaCl in chow feeding). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured dynamically by noninvasive blood pressure system. The vascular ring experiment was performed to detect vascular function and reactivity. As detected by ELISA, the titers of antibody peaked at the 8th week (OD values: 2.75 ± 0.08 vs 0.33 ± 0.01, P < 0.01 vs vehicle group at the same time point). There was no significant difference of SBP between the two groups' offspring rats during the high-salt diet (P > 0.05). Isolated thoracic aortic rings of I offspring had significantly decreased constriction under norepinephrine treatment (P < 0.01 vs V offspring) and significantly decreased dilation under acetylcholine treatment (P < 0.05 vs V offspring). These results suggest that the offspring of AT1-Ab-positive pregnant rats are more susceptible to vascular functional abnormality while being fed high-salt diet.
Animals ; Antibodies ; blood ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; physiopathology ; Immunization ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; immunology ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects

AIM To study the chemical constituents of the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi DL02 from Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk.and their biological activities.METHODS The ethyl acetate and methanol extract leavening from S.divaricata was isolated and purified by silica and Sephadex LH-20,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antifungal and antibacterial activities were determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration method.RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol (1),kojic acid (2),stigmasta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6α-triol (3),uracil (4),allantoin (5),erythritol (6) and adenosine (7).Compound 4 had strong inhibitory effects on pseudomonas aeruginosa with the MIC values of 31.3 μg/mL.CONCLUSION Compounds 2-5 and 7 are isolated from this fungus for the first time.Compounds 4-5 have strong biological activities.

OBJECTIVEFive heavy metals (Hg, Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr) and arsenic (As) contents in 57 samples of from 19 localities in Sichuan, Qinghai and Gansu of Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii sourcing from two plants Notoperygium incusum and N. forbesii has been analyzed to evaluate the content standard of heavy metal and arsenic for drafting the herbal medicine quality.

METHODICP-AES method was applied to determine As, Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr and CAAS method was applied to determine Hg.

RESULTHg can not be determined through CAAS, and little Pb was determined except in limited N. forbesii samples from certain sites, while the contents of Cu in most samples are higher than 20 mg x kg(-1). As in N. forbesii samples, and Cd in N. incisum samples are higher or approximate the limitation of related standard of medicinal plants and production. Cr varies from different localities, ranging from 0.48 to 8.36 mg x kg(-1) for N. incisum and 1.44-8.03 mg x kg(-1) for N. forbesii.

CONCLUSIONReferring to the related standards of medicine and vegetable, the heavy metals and arsenic contents of Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii samples from traditional producing areas are confirmed the propositional standard, i. e., Pb < or = 5.0 mg x kg(-1), Cd < or = 0.3 mg x kg(-1), Hg < or = 0.2 mg x kg(-1), Cu < or = 28.0 mg x kg(-1), As < or = 2.0 mg x kg(-1), and Cr < or = 1.0 mg x kg(-1). Of these five heavy metals, Cu is much over the limitation standard, which suggested that GAP base of Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii must be selected in lower Cu environmental condition in main producing area.

Apiaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Arsenic ; analysis ; Cadmium ; analysis ; China ; Chromium ; analysis ; Copper ; analysis ; Ecosystem ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Objective · To explore the prognostic factors for postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the effects of lymph nodes metastasis status on the survival of patients and failure modes of treatment. Methods · Data of 121 patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent radical resection and postoperative radiotherapy from 2006 to 2013 were collected. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate prognostic factors with the log-rank test and the Cox regression model. The differences in OS and recurrence patterns between patients with different lymph node metastasis status were compared. Results · The median DFS of all patients was 22.57 months and median OS was 32.90 months.Multivariate analysis showed that KPS score, length of lesion, and positive lymph nodes ratio (pLNR) were independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS. For patients with positive lymph nodes, the median DFS of patients with pLNR ≤ 0.15 and pLNR>0.15 were 33.43 and 19.20 months (P=0.04).Patients without nodal skip metastasis (NSM) had better median OS than patients with NSM, but the difference was not statistically significant. OS was significantly worse in patients with pLNR>0.15 and NSM than in other patients with positive lymph nodes (median OS of 14.33 vs 32.50 months, P=0.02).pLNR had a better prognostic value for OS than the number of positive lymph nodes (AUC=0.673, P=0.04). Analysis of the failure patterns showed that more distant metastases were observed in patients with pLNR>0.15, while more local and regional recurrences were observed in patients with pLNR ≤ 0. 15. Conclusion · The status of lymph nodes metastasis is associated with the prognosis of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced ESCC. pLNR has a better prognostic value for OS for patients with positive lymph nodes. The recurrence pattern varies in patients with different pLNR after postoperative radiotherapy. The patients with high pLNR and NSM have poor prognosis.

Objective To explore coping styles and social support in middle-aged and elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods Questionnaire survey was used.158 patients with CHD were investigated by the General Data Questionnaire,the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire and the Social Support Rating Scale.Results The total scores of passive coping styles and social support of elderly patients were (11.520 5±3.452 5)and(38.109 6±6.842 6)respectively.Both of them had significant differences to middle-aged patients(P<0.01);There was positive correlation between objective,subjective and social support and active coping styles,the negative correlation between objective,subjective and social support and passive coping styles.Conclusions Middle-aged patients and elderly patients with CHD had significantly different coping styles and social support.It is important to deliver effective health education about adopting the propercoping strategy to copy with life events and using the social network to improve the social support for patients,especially for elderly.

Objective To explore and evaluate the effect of improved drinking method on the respiratory failure patients with non-invasive mechanical ventilation.Methods Totals of 80 cases with noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the Chinese PLA General Hospital between October 2010 and October 2011 were recruited and randomly divided into observation group( n =40 ) receiving the improved drinking during non-invasive mechanical ventilation and control group( n =40) receiving the traditional drinking,taking off the mask and drinking.Pulse oxygen saturation,respiratory rate,heart rate,mean blood pressure,thirst score,cough and dyspnea were observed and recorded before drinking,at the end of drinking,5 min,30 min after drinking.Results There was no significant difference in gender,age and APACHE Ⅱ score between two groups( P ＞ 0.05 ).The observation group always had higher oxygen saturation than that of control group (95.2±2.3 vs 94.4 ±2.3,94.8 ±2.5 vs 91.8 ±3.4,95.1 ±2.0 vs 92.4 ±3.2,96.0 ±1.9 vs 93.4 ±2.9,P ＜0.05 ),and the incidence of cough,dyspnea was significantly lower than that of the control group ( 10.0％ vs 45.0％,5.0％ vs 22.5％ ),and after drinking 30 minutes,thirst score increased significantly in control group than that of the observation group ( 1.30 ± 0.60 vs 1.97 ± 0.65 ),and the difference was statistically significant( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Improved drinking method can achieve satisfied oxygen saturation during non-invasive mechanical ventilation with less possibility of cough and dyspnea.

Objective: To investigate the effect of aquaporin 5 ( AQP5 ) on proliferation and migration of ectopic endometrial epithelial cells .Methods: AQP5 shRNA interference fragments were designed and transfected into ectopic endometrial epithelial cells stably by lentivirus technology .Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the AQP 5 mRNA and protein expression , respectively .The cell proliferation and migration were determined by using MTT method and Transwell system , respectively .Levels of phosphorylated AKT ( p-AKT ) and total AKT were examined by Western blotting .The nude mice model of endometriosis was constructed and the endometrial cell nodule formation was observed .Results: AQP5 shRNA transfection inhibited cell proliferation and migration compared with control group(both P<0.05).The activation of AKT in AQP5 shRNA transfected cells was lower than that in control cells(P<0.01).Compared to control group, the endometrial cells nodule formation was suppressed in mice inoculated with AQP 5 shRNA-silencing ectopic endometrial epithelial cells .Conclusion: Down-regulation of AQP5 expression can suppress the proliferation and migration of ectopic endometrial epithelial cells and endometrial cell nodule formation in nude mice , in which AKT pathway may be involved.

This study was purposed to analyze the changes of T-cell clonality after induction of peripheral T lymphocytes by autogenous DC and cytokines in the preparation of adoptive immunotherapy for leukemias. The bone marrow and peripheral blood from 21 leukemia patients at remission stage after treatment and subjected to adoptive immunotherapy were collected. Their DCs and T-cells were stimulated with cytokines and then were mixed to activate T-cells. T-cell receptor beta variable region (TCRBV) families were amplified by RT-PCR, and genescan method and sequencing of the PCR products were used to observe the clonality changes of T-cells before and after the induction and cultivation of T-cells. The flow cytometry was used to identify CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD3(+)CD56(+) and CD4(+)CD25str(+)FOXP3(+) cells to disclose the ratio change of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), helper T-cells, regulatory T-cells and NK T-cells before and after induction and cultivation of T-cells. The results showed that in the 21 patients, most of the 24 TCRBV families presented as oligoclonal distribution on genescan, several families were not expressed, and only a few families remained polyclonal. TCRBV24 was found to be oligoclonal in all of the 21 patients. DNA sequence analysis of TCRBV24 revealed a common motif of VAG in CDR3 in 3 cases and a common motif of GGG in CDR3 in 2 cases. In patient 5, both TCRBV 24 and TCRBV8 contained the same motif of GGG in CDR3. The identical motif in these patients may suggest that these T-cells recognize the same antigen. The peripheral lymphocytes demonstrated recovery of clonal profile on genescan from oligoclonal profile and absence of several families before the induction and cultivation to typical polyclonal profile in all TCRBV families after the induction by DC and cytokines for 13 days. After the induction and cultivation, the number of lymphocytes increased to 3.38 +/- 1.20 times. CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD3(+)CD56(+) and CD4(+)CD25str(+)FOX P3(+) cells were 71.1 +/- 11.8%, 26.7 +/- 11.4%, 35.7 +/- 12.9%, 3.1 +/- 1.6% and 0.12 +/- 0.1% respectively before the induction and cultivation, and changed to 95.4 +/- 3.2% (p < 0.01), 27.0 +/- 13.1% (p > 0.01), 55.5 +/- 13.8% (p < 0.01), 9.8 +/- 6.1% (p < 0.01) and 0.22 +/- 0.18% (p < 0.01) respectively after the induction and cultivation. It is concluded that the major action of this induction and cultivation method on T-lymphocytes in vitro is the promotion of CTL and NK T-cell proliferation. In leukemic patients at the remission stage, the TCRBV profile is characterized by the oligoclonal proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Several proliferated clones may have the same motif in CDR3, suggesting the recognition of the same antigen by these lymphocyte clones. Cytokine induction and co-culture with autogenous DCs can stimulate the T-lymphocytes to recover their immunocompetence as manifested by the polyclonal profile and the proliferation of CTL and NK-T cells.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Leukemia ; genetics ; immunology ; therapy ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocytes ; chemistry ; cytology ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; chemistry ; immunology ; Young Adult