China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; epidemiology

Adult ; Cholesteatoma ; congenital ; Female ; Humans ; Temporal Bone

Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint of liquid of raw material-intermediate product-Yinju Jiedu Oral Liquid (YJOL), and to determine the multi-components in YJOL, thus to provide an approach and basis for the quality control in production. Methods: The separation was performed on Shimadzu Inert Sustain C18 columin (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature was set at 30 ℃ and the detection wavelengths were set at 240, 327, 334, and 280 nm. HPLC fingerprints of the extracts from 12 batches of raw material, intermediate product, and YJOL were established and compared. The content was determined and the common peaks were identified, and some of the characteristic peaks were analyzed. Results: Fifteen common peaks of intermediate product and liquid of raw material and 13 common peaks in YJOL were determined. The similarities of YJOL were over 0.9, the same with the similarities of the liquid of raw material and intermediate product. The correlation was good between the extracts from the liquid of raw material, intermediate product and YJOL. Peak 1 was from Isatidis Radix, peaks 2-7 were from Honeysuckle of Sichuan and Chrysanthemum indicum, peaks 8 and 9 were from Chrysanthemum indicum, peaks 10 and 11 were from Scrophulariae Radix, peaks 12 and 13 were from Scurfpea fruit. Based on the retention time of master compounds, six components [R, S-epigoitrin (peak 1), chlorogenic acid (peak 3), linarin (peak 10), harpagoside (peak 11), psoralen (peak 13), and psoralen (peak 14)] were identified and quantified. The average contents of six components were 39.21, 15.43, 2.14, 0.53, 7.21, and 6.51 mg/g in raw material, were 35.31, 11.54, 1.83, 0.37, 4.95, and 4.74 mg/g in intermediate product, and were 32.87, 10.58, 1.72, 0.31, 4.58, and 4.48 mg/g in YJOL. Conclusion: This validated method is suitable for the quality evaluation and quality control of YJOL.

Objective To multi-objectively optimize the purification process parameters of Yinju Jiedu Oral Liquid (YJOL), mixed weight of AHP-CRITIC, Plackett-Burman design (PBD), and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were adopted on the basis of HPLC fingerprints. Methods HPLC was used to establish HPLC fingerprint of YJOL. Recovery rate of fingerprints of six components (chlorogenic acid, linarin, harpagoside, R,S-epigoitrin, psoralen, and isobalin) and HPLC fingerprint similarity was taken as the index to optimize the type of macroporous resin among 10 types. Weights of the recovery rates of six components and similarity were determined by mixed weight of AHP-CRITIC, in order to obtain the comprehensive index as the evaluation criterion. The significantly influencing factors were firstly evaluated by PBD, and purification conditions were optimized by BBD. Results HPD-400 type resin showed a high selectivity for six components. The optimized purification technology was as follows: the ratio of dia-height was 1:7, pH value was 3.5, sample concentration was 0.18 g/mL, ratio of sample to resin was 0.96 g/g, and 77% ethanol's dosage was 8 BV. Under the conditions, the recovery rates of six components were 78%-98%, and the similarity of fingerprint was higher than 0.99. These components could get balanced recovery. Moreover, the theoretical and actual comprehensive indexes were 94.28% and 93.69%, respectively, with a relative error of 0.59%. Conclusion Based on HPLC fingerprints, mixed weight of AHP-CRITIC, combined with PBD and BBD-RSM used to optimize the purification process for the YJOL in this study is scientific and feasible, this way can improve the purity of the active components and keep the uniformity of main components in the YJOL as well.

Objective To explore the clinical application and outlook of anterior segment observation with Stratus optical coherence tomography(Stratus OCT).Design Prospective case series.Participants 56 eyes in 38 patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).Methods Morphological changes of anterior chamber angle (ACA) were observed with Stratus OCT before and 4 weeks after laser iridectomy.Opening status of ACA were described and measured with Photoshop software.Main Outcome Measures Opening degree of ACA and ratio of anterior chamber depth to thickness of cornea.Results To a great deal of extent,Stratus OCT could be used to observe the appearance of ACA. Clear images of ACA could be acquired.The ACA before laser was (15.67?5.33) degree and significantly reopened to(26.56?8.17) degree after laser iridectomy (P=0.000).The ratio of anterior chamber depth to thickness of cornea was also changed from (0.39?0.13) pre-treatment to (0.89?0.32) pest-treatment(P=0.000).Conclusions Stratus OCT could be applied to observe the changes of opening degree of ACA easily.The standard of quantization should be consummated in the future.

Objective To investigate the effects of Pulmicort Respules on the airway resistance and airway remodeling in rats with allergic asthma. Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group,asthma model group,Pulmicort Respules group and normal saline control group,with 8 rats in each group.On the 14th day of allergization,rats were challenged by ovalbumin inhalation and were treated correspondingly.On the 28th day,airway resistance was determined,HE staining was conducted in lung tissues of each group,and airway remodeling related parameters were also measured. Results The airway resistance of Pulmicort Respules group was significant lower than that of blank control group,asthma model group and normal saline control group(P

Aged ; Giant Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To screen thyroid function among planned pregnant women in Chongqing, to guide prenatal and postnatal care. Methods Proportional multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to enroll 11 953 planned pregnant women for questionnaire, physical examination, and serum samples collection. Results The median TSH was 2. 04 mIU/ L, P25 = 1. 36 mIU/ L,P75 = 2. 99 mIU/ L. TSH levels being normal, higher, and lower than the reference were 91. 47% , 6. 20% , and 2. 33% , respectively. In Northeast Chongqing, the proportions of median TSH level and TSH level above the upper limit were higher than those in other regions(P<0. 05). With improved education, proportions of TSH above the upper limit and below the lower limit declined(P<0. 05). With the increase in body mass index, the proportion of those whose TSH was above the upper limit showed elevated trend(P<0. 05). In women with history of adverse pregnancy outcomes, their median TSH was higher than that in the control group, and those, whose TSH level exceeded the upper limit, yield higher results than those in the control group(P<0. 05). In women with higher fasting blood glucose The median TSH level was lower than that in normal blood glucose group( P<0. 05), with the fasting plasma glucose concentration and TSH negatively correlated(P<0. 05). Conclusion The abnormal rate of TSH level in planned pregnant women was 8. 53% in Chongqing. The abnormal rate varies by different regions, education levels, body mass indexes, and blood glucose levels. Previous history of adverse pregnancy outcomes was related to elevated TSH levels. It is necessary to take pre-pregnancy thyroid function screening investigation.

In order to investigate the influencing factors of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF) content in Schisandra, confirm the theory of 5-HMF deriving mainly from Schisandra processing course, and give some suggestions about the Schisandra processing method, the 5-HMF contents in decoctions of Schisandra under different heating temperature, decocting time, soaking time, processing methods and treatment with different solvents before decocting the Schisandra were measured by RP-HPLC method. The results showed that there is great difference of 5-HMF level in decoctions from differently processed Schisandra and unprocessed Schisandra; decocting time of 60 min has some effects on 5-HMF level in decoctions and there is certain quantity 5-HMF in processed Schisandra itself and very little 5-HMF in unprocessed Schisandra. Heating time, heating temperature and treating solvents all have effect on 5-HMF level in decoction of Schisandra. 5-HMF in Schisandra was mainly from processing course. Both long heating time and high heating temperature can increase 5-HMF level in Schisandra. The production of 5-HMF in Schisandra may have some relationships with some polar components, which can dissolve in water, ethanol and acetone, especially in ethanol. To control processing temperature, processing time and treatment with some solvent is very important for controlling 5-HMF level in Schisandra.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Furaldehyde ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Schisandra ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Time Factors

Objective To evaluate the neuroprotective effect and safety of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)treated with recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO).Methods Fifty-three neonates with HIE were randomly divided into rhEPO treated group(n=29) with the dosage of 300 U/(kg?time),three times a week for 2 weeks and control group(n=24)without rhEPO.All supportive measures were same between 2 groups.Neurological scoring was evaluated at d3,d5 and d7 Neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA) was evaluated at d7,d14 and d28.The neurodevelopment quote was evaluated at age of 3 and 6 months.Blood pressure,liver and renal function,blood electrolytes and blood hemoglobin,platelet and reticular red blood cell count were monitored before and after treatment in all infants.Results The neurological scoring between two groups had no difference at d3.The significant difference was found at d7(P0.05).Conclusions Teraphy with rhEPO on neonatal HIE infants can promote neurological recovery,and there is no serious side effect with rhEPO treatment.