Objective To study clinical application and complication of heavy silicon oil (Densiron68) in the treatment of traumat- ic proliferative vitreoretinopathy.Design Non-comparatives,retrospective case series.Participants Twenty patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy resulting from ocular trauma were recruited,whose retinal detachment arising from inferior or posterior retinal breaks. Methods Heavy silicon oil was applied to patients during vitrectomy.Silicone oil or gas was applied to patients with redetachment after heavy silicon oil was removed.Main Outcome Measures The rate of retinal attachment,vision,intraocular pressure,inflammatory re- action of anterior segment and silicone oil emulsification period.Results The rate of retinal attachment with one operation using heavy silicon oil was 50%(10/20 eyes)and 15%(3/20 eyes)with further surgery.The average follow-up time was 3.90?1.41 months.At the end of the follow-up,all tamponade agents were removed in 50% patients.Patients' logMAR vision after the surgery was 2.19?0.86,which was better than before the surgery (2.63?1.00) (P=0.037).There was little evidence of high intraocular pressure,excessive inflammatory reaction of anterior segment and cornea endothelial cell damage,but cataract became more serious without exception.Emulsification rate was 100% and the average emulsification period was 2.18?0.87 months.Conclusions Heavy silicon oil tamponade in vitreoretinal surgery for traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy has good efficacy and relatively few complications.However,its emulsification period is relatively short,which may constraint its application to a certain extent.

AIM:To observe and analyze the effect of non-mydriatic fundus photography in screening diabetic retinopathy(DR), so as to provide the basis for clinical screening.

METHODS:In our hospital from December 2016 to November 2017, 120 patients(240 eyes)was diagnosed as diabetes(DM), which were treated as the subjects of observation. By the same operator with non-mydriatic fundus photography, fundus photography and 7 range fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)after mydriasis were taken. Taking the international clinical classification of diabetic retinopathy(DR)as the standard, the above three examinations were review, grade and record by the same physician by blind method. The fundus fluorescein angiography as the gold standard, the other two results were compared to detect the sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, Kappa value of the two for DR with different grade.

RESULTS: There was 70.0% eyes diagnosed as diabetic retinopathy after screened by fundus angiography, 66.7% by post-mydriatic fundus photography, 65.0% by non-mydriatic fundus photography. The grading results of diabetic retinopathy screened by different methods were basically consistent, with no significant difference(P>0.05). When screening for diabetic retinopathy of different degrees, the sensitivity and specificity of the non-mydriatic group were 92.9% and 90.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the results of the non-mydriatic group and the non-mydriatic group. Compared with the gold standard group(FFA), the Youden index(83.14%)was close to 1, with high reliability; Kappa=0.81, and the validation was consistent. When screening for moderately nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, the sensitivity and specificity of non-mydriatic fundus photography were 90.6% and 95.5%; there was no significant difference between the results of non-mydriatic and the results of fundus photography after mydriasis. Compared to the gold standard group, the Youden index was 86.09%, the reliability is high, Kappa=0.86, and the test was consistency.

CONCLUSION:Non-mydriatic fundus photography can be used as a simple and accurate method for screening diabetic retinopathy. It is simple and easy to carry out without risk. It is easy to train specialist technicians for multi-point operation. With the help of today's convenient network, the image is transmitted to an experienced ophthalmologist for reading and diagnosis, which is convenient and fast, so that the patient can be diagnosed and treated nearby, which has positive significance for the society.

AIMTo isolate and determine the structures of chemical constituents from the seeds of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl.

METHODSThe chemical constituents were extracted from the seeds of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl with 75% ethanol and purified by polyamide, silica gel, RP-C18 and Sephadex LH-20 on column chromatography. Chemical methods and spectroscopic methods, such as 1H and 13CNMR, HSQC, HMBC and TOCSY spectra were used for the structural identification.

RESULTSFifteen compounds were obtained. Twelve of them were identified as quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (I), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (II), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (III), quercetin-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (IV), kaempferol-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (V), isorhamnetin-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (VI), quercetin-3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VII), kaempferol-3, 7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VIII), isorhamnetin-3, 7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IX), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-[(2-O-trans-sinnapoyl)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (X), sinapic acid ethyl ester (XI) and 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyl-cinnamic acid (XII).

CONCLUSIONCompounds X and VI are new compounds. IV, V, VII, VIII and IX were isolated from Cruciferae family for the first time. I, II, III were obtained from Descurania genus and XI, XII from D. sophia for the first time.

Brassicaceae ; chemistry ; Flavonols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry

Objective To explore the relationship between the size and location of the aneurysm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and its clinical classification. Methods A retrospective study was performed in patients with aSAH from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2014. The relevant clinical data were collected including age, gender, aneurysm size, location, and Hunt-Hess (H-H) classification. The aneurysms were classified by size (A group d<5.00 mm, B group 5.00 mm≤d<10.00 mm, C group d≥10.00 mm), location and H-H classification according to the results of CT, digital subtrac?tion angiography (DSA), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The relationship between size, position of aneurysm and H-H classification was observed and analyzed. Results There were 750 cases included in this study, with average age (56.14 ± 11.88), male 292 and female 458. The total number of aneurysms was 903, and the number of multiple aneurysms was 91 (12.13%). There was one case with multiple aneurysms that can be included in A, B and C groups. There were two cases with multiple aneurysms that can be included in A and B groups, two cases can be included in A and C groups, and three cases can be included in B and C groups. The number of aneurysms and the ratios of groups A, B and C were 20(3.9%), 12 (3.8%), 5 (7.5%), 70 (13.6%), 39 (12.2%), 10(14.9%), 2 (0.4%), 4 (1.3%), 2 (3.0%), 165 (32.0%), 94 (29.4%), 6 (9.0%), 130 (25.2%), 90 (28.1%), 6 (9.0%), 17 (3.3%), 11 (3.4%) and 2 (3.0%) for the location in the anterior cerebral artery, the middle cerebral artery, the posterior cerebral artery, the internal carotid artery, the anterior communicating artery, the posterior communicating artery, and the vertebral basilar artery, respectively. The number of aneurysms and the ratios of H-H classificationⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,ⅣandⅤin groups A, B and C were 48 (9.3%), 45 (14.1%), 12 (17.9%), 228 (44.2%), 150 (46.9%), 14 (20.9%), 68 (13.2%), 54 (16.9%), 30 (44.8%), 142 (27.5%), 43 (13.4%), 9 (13.4%), 30 (5.8%), 28 (8.8%) and 2 (3.0%). There was a negative correlation between the size of aneurysm and the H-H grade (rs=-0.075, P=0.024). Conclusion The anterior communicating artery and posterior communicating artery are high-risk areas for smaller aneurysms. The internal ca?rotid artery is high-risk areas for larger aneurysms. The size of aneurysm is negatively correlated with H-H classification.

Based on the complete genome sequence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) ZJI strain,seven pairs of primers were designed to amplify a cDNA fragment for constructing the plasmid pNDV/ZJI,which contained the full-length cDNA of the NDV ZJI strain.The pNDV/ZJI,with three helper plasmids,pCIneoNP,pCIneoP and pCIneoL,were then cotransfected into BSR-T7/5 cells expressing T7 RNA polymerase.After inoculation of the transfected cell culture supernatant into embryonated chicken eggs from specific-pathogen-free (SPF) flock,an infectious NDV ZJI strain was successfully rescued.Green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was amplified and inserted into the NDV full-length cDNA to generate a GFP-tagged recombinant plasmid pNDV/ZJIGFP.After cotransfection of the resultant plasmid and the three support plasmids into BSR-T7/5 cells,the recombinant NDV,NDV/ZJIGFP,was rescued.Specific green fluorescence was observed in BSR-T7/5 and chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells 48h post-infection,indicating that the GFP gene was expressed at a relatively high level.NDV/ZJIGFP was inoculated into 10-day-old SPF chickens by oculonasal route.Four days post-infection,strong green fluorescence could be detected in the kidneys and tracheae,indicating that the recombinant GFP-tagged NDV could be a very useful tool for analysis of NDV dissemination and pathogenesis.

Background and Objective: Akt pathway plays an important role in cell growth and apoptosis.This study was to characterize the role of Akt in the synergistic effects of thermo-chemotherapy on lung cancer cell growht and its underlying mechanisms.Methods: H446 cells were subjected to different thermo-chemotherapy schemes: 43℃+paclitaxel(120 μg/L)(thermo-chemotherapy group),43℃+paclitaxel(120 μg/L)+Wortmannin(1 μmol/L,PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor)(Wortmannin group),43℃+paclitaxel(120 μg/L)+N-acety-L-cysteine(NAC)(30 μmol/L,reactive oxygen species,ROS inhibitor)(NAC group),and paclitaxel(120 μg/L)group.The cells without any treatment were used as the control.MTT assay was conducted to measure the cell proliferation rate.Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM).ROS was detected with fluorescence.Phosphorylation of Akt and the expressions of Caspase-3 were determined by Western blot.Results: The cell proliferation rate was significantly lower in the thermo-chemotherapy group than in the control and the chemotherapy groups[(59.83±3.36)% vs.(100.00±0.00)% and(69.16±2.95)%,P<0.05].The rate of cell apoptosis was the highest in the thermo-chemotherapy group(27.59±5.47)%(P<0.05).The ROS expression level was higher in the cells of thermo-chemotherapy group(102.14±18.34)than in the other groups(P<0.05),which could be inhibited by NAC(28.01±1.19),but not by the PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin(99.87±8.35).Phosphorylation of Akt significantly decreased in the thermo-chemotherapy group(0.69±0,03)(P<0.05),which could be blocked by Wortmannin(0.00±0.00),but increased by NAC(1.05±0.29)(P<0.05).The expression level of Caspase-3 was higher in the thermo-chemotherapy group(1.07±0.08)than in other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion: Thermo-chemotherapy has a stronger inhibitory effect than chemotherapy alone in lung tumor cell growth,probably through induction of ROS production and subsequent inhibition of Akt pathway activation and Caspase pathway-induced cancer cell apoptosis.

Objective To analysis the clinical applications of unstable an-gina medications.Methods Retrospective analysis of the original re-cords of 327 patients with unstable angina pectoris and evaluation of the use and rationality of the medications using the indicators of defined daily dose(DDD), frequency of drug use(DDDs) and drug utilization index ( DUI) .Results Top three of the most frequently used anti-ischemic drugs were metoprolol tartaric acid ( 40.06%) , glyceryl trinitrate ( 33.03%) and metoprolol succinate sustained -release tablets ( 25.99%) .In addition, 97.54% of patients received anti -platelet therapy, 12.23%received anti-coagulation therapy, and 95.41% re-ceived treatment of statins.As for DUI, except of aspirin and clopi-dogrel, other drugs were ≤1.Conclusion Except that the intensity of anti-coagulation therapy is not enough, the use of other drugs was rea-sonable and consistent with the guidelines basically.

Objective The purpose of the study is to describe the self-care behaviors and explore its related factors in patients with Type 2 diabetes.Methods By purposeful sampling,a total of 120 patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes for more than six months were invited to complete a questionnaires with the 2 Diabetes Self-Care Scale.Multiple regression analysis and other statistical methods were employed in the study for processing the results. Results The score of self-care behaviors in patients with Type 2 diabetes was 79.96±18.17,with the index for scoring being 61.51%.Knowledge level of diabetes,gender,way of seeking medieal advice and age were independent related factors.Condusions Such factors as knowledge level of diabetes,gender,way of seeking medical advice and age were independently correlated to self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To investigate the ability of nurse-patient communication and Self-efficacy between baccalaureate and associate nursing students, and provide instruction for fostering the nurses' positive ability of nurse-patient communication and Self-efficacy. Methods Thirty baccalaureate nursing students from Grade 2005 and 30 associate nursing students from Grade 2006 in the nursing school of Mudanjiang Medical College were selected by random sampling and were investigated with the ability nurse-patient communication Scale by XuYaHong and General Self-Efficacy Scale by Ralf scchwarzer. Results The total level of nursepatient communication ability was medium or above that. There was significantly different in the ability of nursepatient communication between nurses with different educational level in terms of the total scores of nurse-patient communication, scores of coffering information and understanding patients, those in baccalaureate nursing students were higher than those in associate nursing students. Conclusions The clinicle teacher must take implemation to cultivate the ability of nurse-patient communication during the clinical practice. The result suggests that teachers should build the students' positive self-efficacy to improve their nurse-patient communication, ability.

Objective To investigate the association of first permanent molars caries prevalence with primary molar caries experience.Methods Cluster,stratified and random sampling method,was used and 3680 children 6-to 10-year-old were randomizly selected from primary schools of Jinan city.Caries status of first permanent molars,decayed-missed-filled surfaces (DMFS,dmfs),decayed-missed-filled teeth (DMFT,dmft),were examined.Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship among the caries incidence and the age,sex and to analyze the relationship between the first permanent molars DMFT,DMFS and the primary molars dmft,dmfs.Results Twenty point seven percent(763/3680) of children had first permanent molars caries,significantly higher(P ＜ 0.01) in girls [28.9％ (509/1762)] than in boys [13.2％ (254/1918)],a positive correlation (r =0.31,P ＜ 0.01) was found between caries experiences of primary molars (dmft) and caries of first permanent molars (DMFT).Higher permanent molar caries was found in subjects with dmft higher than 3 or dmfs higher than 19.Conclusions Sex,age and the caries experience of primary molars were factors closely related with the caries rate of the first permanent molars.Enhanced prevention is suggested on the first permanent molars of children who has higher prevalence of caries in primary molars.