ObjectiveTo investigate the teaching effect of problem-based learning(PBL) in clinical probation of gynecology and obstetrics.Methods48 students who majored in obstetrics and took internship in Xiamen Maternity and Child Care Hospital were selected as study subjects and were randomly assigned to control group and observation group.Traditional teaching pattern and PBL were performed in the above-mentioned groups respectively.The score of final test on maternity nursing and self-evaluation on capacity advancement were compared between two groups.ResultsThe score of observation group were significantly higher than control group (P＜0.05); Similarly,the self-evaluation of observation group after internship was also elevated with significance (P＜0.05) when being compared with control group.ConclusionEvidence showed that PBL was capable of improving the knowledge of maternity nursing,and it was also been proved effective in fostering the ability of self-learning,communication,and solving problem.Therefore,the PBL was appropriate to be promoted in the internship of nursing education.

Castleman Disease ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Syndrome

Aconitum ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rhizome

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical efficacy and key matters for the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture and integrity of lateral trochanteric wall by proximal frmoral nail antirotation (PFNA).

METHODSFrom June 2010 to December 2012,210 femoral intertrochanteric fracture patients treated with PFNA were retrospectively analyzed, including 76 males and 134 females aged from 46 to 96 years old with an average of 71 years old. All fracture were caused by injury and classified to type I (5 cases) type II (16 cases), type III (73 cases) and type IV (116 cases) according to Evans classification. The time of getting out of bed, postoperative complications and displacement of screw blade and fracture healing were observed, Baumgaertner criteria were used to evaluate quality of fracture reduction, Harris criteria were used to evaulate hip joint function.

RESULTSAll incisions were healed at stage I, no complications occurred except incomplete of lateral trochanteric wall patients without reconstruction, other patients could get out of bed with crutches at one week and all patients discharged from hospital at 10 days after operation. One hundred and seventy-eight patients were followed up from 3 to 17 months with an average of 10 months. One case occurred unhealed fracture displacement caused by screw blade cutting, 2 cases occurred screw blade transfomed to proximal and out femoral head, other patients obtained fracture healing at 12 to 16 weeks after operation. According to Baumgaertner criteria, 130 cases obtained good results, 45 cases acceptable, and 3 poor; while 107 cases obtained excellent results, 65 good, 3 good and 3 poor according to Harris score.

CONCLUSIONPFNA with mechanical advantage of intramedullary fixation has advantsges of stable fixation, shorter operation time, minimally invasive. Satisfied clinical effects could obtained by grasping fixation principle, dealing with negative factors in operation. Intraoperative reconstruction for integrity of lateral trochanteric wall could assure stable fixation and earlier get out of bed.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Pericytes are a very important cellular constituent of the blood-brain barrier.They play a regulatory role in brain angiogenesis,endothelial cell tight junction formation,blood-brain barrier differentiation,microvascular dynamic motion and structural stability.Pericytes exhibit unique functional characteristics in some diseases,such as cerebrovascular disease,neurodegenerative disease,neuroimmune disease and traumatic brain injury.This article reviews the roles of pericytes in the blood-brain barrier.

Acute Disease ; Coronary Aneurysm ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adult ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; etiology ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications

Dried roots and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) are among the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines in clinic. The material basis for its efficacy mainly includes hydrophobic tanshinones and hydrophilic salvianolic acids. The traditional effects of Danshen are "removing stasis and relieving pain, activating blood to promote menstruation, clearing heart fire and tranquilization". According to modern pharmacological studies, Danshen and its main components have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective effect. Recent studies showed that Danshen and its main components also demonstrated protective effects on liver injury models induced by carbon tetrachloride, D-galactosamine, acetaminophen and alcohol. In this paper, the hepatoprotective effect and mechanism of Danshen were summarized and studied.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Objective To explore the method of primary isolation, cultivation and identification of rat brain microvessel pericytes. Methods The brain tissue of 10 3 week-old Wistar rats was separated sterilely. The brain microvessel fragments were separated using two-step enzyme digestion and one-step gradient centrifugation and were seeded in 35-mm dishes for primary culture. The cell morphology was observed by phase contrast microscopy; the immunofluorescence assay was used to identify the associated antigns, such as the α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium was used to determine the cell growth curve. Results Pericytes climbed out from the adherent brain microvascular fragments around,showing polygonal, and the cell fusion was 95％ after 12-14 days. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the molecular markers of the pericytes α-SMA and NG2 related antigens showed double positive, while the vWF and GFAP related antigens showed double negative and the cultured cells were confirmed as brain microvascular pericytes. The growth rate of primary cells was slower. The passage cells entered into logarithmic growth phase after 36 to 60 hours and entered into plateau phase after 72 to 108 hours. Conclusions This method may successfully isolate rat brain microvascular pericytes with higher purity.

Key trial activities include: development of the trial protocol;development of standard operating procedures;development of support systems and tools;generation and approval of trial information documents;selection of trial sites and the selection of properly qualified,trained,and experienced investigators and study personnel;ethics committee review and approval of the protocol;review and approval by applicable regulatory authorities;enrollment of subjects into the study: recruitment,eligibility,and informed consent;the investigational product(s): quality,handling,and accounting;trial data acquisition: conducting the trial;trial data acquisition: conducting the trial; safety management and reporting;monitoring the trial;managing trial data;quality assurance of the trial performance and data;reporting the trial.