Abstract?AIM:To investigate the clinical effect of orthokeratology for 400 juvenile with myopia astigmatism and its effects on corneal endothelial cells.?METHODS:Four hundred patients(800 eyes), of whom the average age was 11.5 ±2.3 years old, 239 male, 161 female, were divided into two groups: orthokeratology group and spectacles group. Parameters including efficacy data ( uncorrected visual acuity, corneal curvature, axial length and diopter ) and corneal endothelial cell data ( count of endothelial cell, endothelial cell density, fluorescein staining and central corneal thickness) were observed at 1d, 1, 6, 12 and 24mo after wearing.? RESULTS: The visual acuity of spectacles group recovered to normal after wearing, that of orthokeratology group recovered to normal at 1mo after wearing.At 2a after wearing, the corneal curvature, diopter of orthokeratology group decreased significantly (40.09 ±0.31D, 0.23 ±0.06D respectively); while those of spectacles group increased, the differences between the two groups were significant (P<0.05).The axial length of the two groups increased slightly at 1mo after wearing ( P>0.05 ) compared to those before wearing. At 2a after wearing, the axial length of the two groups were 23.96 ± 0.38mm, 26.49±0.88mm respectively (P<0.05).At 2a after wearing, central corneal thickness was 527.33 ± 27.69mm, 526.98±26.89μm(P>0.05).The count of endothelial cell and endothelial cell density both decreased after wearing without significant differences (P>0.05).?CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology has less effect on the corneal endothelial cells, no obvious adverse reactions and can control the prognosis of myopia.

Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was employed for simultaneous determination of three components and fingerprint analysis of Periplocae Cortex with gradient elution of mehtanol and water containing 0.1% phosphoric acid as mobile phase. Three components including chlorogenic acid, 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde and periplocoside were well separated under the analytical condition. Seventeen peaks were selected as the common peaks of 30 batches of Periplocae Cortex. The results showed that there is a significant difference in contents of periplocoside between the samples collected from Henan and Shanxi province. Based on the results of three components quantification and fingerprint analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis ( HCA) and principle component analysis (PCA) were used to further prove the differences between two group samples, and the results indicated that quality of Periplocae Cortex from Shanxi was more stable than that from Henan. The established UPLC fingerprint and quantitative analysis methods could be used efficiently in the quality control of Periplocae Cortex, and this study might contribute to the reasonable clinical application.
Benzaldehydes ; analysis ; China ; Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Ecosystem ; Periploca ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Quality Control

AIM: To investigate the use of therapy ultrasound to enhance nonviral gene delivery. METHODS: Endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were cultured in 6-well plates. Plasmid (pcDNA3.1/His/LacZ) with or without microbubbles at the different concentrations was transfected into the cells with the use of ultrasound for 1 min at 2 MHz, 1.8 mechanical index (MI). Additional controls included ultrasound alone, microbubble alone and microbubble plus plasmid. The rate of blue cells and the activities of ?-Gal were measured. In addition, cell viability was detected with different time from 1 to 30 min of ultrasound irradiation and the different concentrations of microbubbles. RESULTS: In the group of ultrasound with microbubble, the rate of blue cells and activity of ?-Gal markedly increased by 60% and 9-fold, respectively. Microbubbles at concentration of 10% led to the highest transfection effect. Ultrasoud exposure at 1 to 30 minute had no cell toxic effects, while microbubbles at the concentration of 50% had significant effect on cell survival. CONCLUSIONS: Albumin-coated microbubbles markedly enhance gene delivery by therapeutic ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction, which can be used as a safe and practicality vectors in gene therapy.

China ; epidemiology ; Cleft Lip ; epidemiology ; Cleft Palate ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of mycoplasma and chlamydia infections on tubal infertilityand to assess the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of female urogenital, and consequently to guide clinical rational drug use.

METHODS327 tubal infertility women as infertility group and 286 healthy pregnant women as control group were randomly selected, detected chlamydia trachomatis (CT), ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and mycoplasma hominis (MH) in cervical secretions and drug resistance of UU and MH.

RESULTSCT infection rates (14.99%), UU infection rates (23.24%), UU + MH infection rates (29.05%),CT + UU + MH infection rates (9.17%) and total infection rates (88.99%) in infertility group is higher than those (order: 2.80%, 6.99%, 8.39%, 4.55%, 29.02%) in the control group, comparisons of two groups are statistically significant differences (P < 0.05), the susceptibility of UU to roxithromycin (sensitivity is 96.05%), josamycin (sensitivity is 96.05%), tetracycline (sensitivity is 82.89%), vibramycin( sensitivity is 92.11%) and clarithromycin (sensitivity is 96.05%) were relatively high and low to ciprofloxacin and acetyl spiramycin. The susceptibility of MH to josamycin (sensitivity is 95.83%), vibramycin (sensitivity is 91.67%), minocin (sensitivity is 83.33%) and actinospectacin (sensitivity is 75.00%) were relatively high and low to erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin and clarithromycin. UU + MH was only sensitive to josamycin (sensitivity is 90.52%), high resistance (77.89% -91.58%) to erythromycin, azithromycin, acetyl spiramycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, azithromycin and clarithromycin.

CONCLUSIONInfection of CT, UU, MH and tubal infertility have certain relevance,the rates of CT, UU and MH infection in tubal infertility patients higher than fertile people. For many commonantibacterial drugs, UU, MH and UU + MH has strong resistance, the etiology detection and using adapted antibios should be taken seriously in clinical treatment.

Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Azithromycin ; pharmacology ; Chlamydia ; Chlamydia Infections ; complications ; microbiology ; Clarithromycin ; pharmacology ; Doxycycline ; pharmacology ; Erythromycin ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; etiology ; microbiology ; Josamycin ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Minocycline ; pharmacology ; Mycoplasma ; Mycoplasma Infections ; complications ; microbiology ; Roxithromycin ; pharmacology ; Spectinomycin ; pharmacology ; Tetracycline ; pharmacology ; Ureaplasma urealyticum ; pathogenicity ; Urogenital System ; microbiology ; Young Adult

Objective:To improve the genetic stability of HBV gene in transgenic mice.Methods:HBV transgenic mice were bred by backcross and double cross.The HBV gene expression and replication were studied with real-time PCR,ELISA and chemiluminescence.Results:The HBV transgenic mice have stably bred to 23rd generation.The serum HBsAg level is 4122.31?2044.74IU/ml;The rate of HBV transgenic mice whose serum HBV DNA reach 104~106copies/ml was 93.93%.The HBV replication and expression were improved markedly.There is no difference between male and female mice about serum HBsAg level.Conclusion:After breeding the HBV gene was expressed stably with high-level in transgenic mice.

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes in the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), type I collagen (Col I), and type III collagen (Col III) among the rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning and the intervention effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on their expression, and to investigate the mechanism of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and the intervention effect of PDTC on the disease.

METHODSSprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 6), PQ group (n = 36), and PQ + PDTC group (n = 36). The PQ group and PQ + PDTC group were given a single dose of saline-diluted PQ (80 mg/kg) by gavage; 2 h later, the PQ + PDTC group was intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of PDTC (100 mg/kg), and the PQ group was intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of saline. The control group was given saline (1 ml/kg) by gavage and was intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of saline 2h later. At 1, 3, 7, 14, 25, and 56 days after operation, the protein expression of CTGF was evaluated by Western blot; the mRNA expression of CTGF, Col I, and Col III was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR; the content of hydroxyproline in lung tissue was measured, and the pathological changes of lung tissue of the poisoned rats were observed.

RESULTSThe protein expression of CTGF in the PQ group increased as the time went on, slowly from the 3rd to the 14th day and rapidly from the 28th to the 56th day, significantly higher than that in the control group at each time point (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of CTGF in the PQ group began to rise markedly on the 1st day, increased rapidly from the 3rd to the 14th day, and remained at a relatively high level from the 28th to the 56th day, significantly higher than that in the control group at each time point (P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of Col I in the PQ group changed little on the 1st and 3rd day, increased slightly on the 7th day, and increased greatly from the 14th to the 56th day, significantly higher than that in the control group from the 7th to the 56th day (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of Col III in the PQ group began to rise on the 1st day, reached the peak level on the 7th day, and then declined, significantly higher than that in the control group at each time point (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Masson staining showed that fibroblasts proliferated from the 14th to the 28th day, and collagen fibers increased gradually. Compared with the PQ group, the PQ + PDTC group showed significantly decreased protein expression of CTGF as well as mRNA expression of CTGF, Col I, and Col III (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIn PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the expression of CTGF keeps rising, and the collagen secretion and matrix synthesis are increased probably by upregulating the transcriptional levels of Col I and Col III; CTGF plays an important role in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis. PDTC can inhibit the expression of CTGF, thus reducing the lung injury in rats with PQ poisoning.

Animals ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Collagen Type III ; metabolism ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Male ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Proline ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiocarbamates ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of API2-MALT1 mRNA in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, to investigate the expression pattern of API2-MALT1 variants, and to correlate the findings with the clinicopathologic features and prognosis.

METHODSSixty-two cases of MALT lymphoma (10 from lung, 31 from stomach, 9 from intestine and 12 from thyroid), 32 cases of extranodal DLBCL (16 from stomach, 13 from intestine and 3 from thyroid), 8 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 5 cases of reactive lymph nodes hyperplasia as negative controls were collected. The expression of API2-MALT1 mRNA was studied in all cases by reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR. The 94 cases of lymphoma were subdivided into API2-MALT1-positive and API2-MALT1-negative groups. Among the patients, 78 were followed up for 6 to 120 months. The differences in clinicopathologic features and prognosis between the two groups were analyzed.

RESULTSAPI2-MALT1 transcripts were detected in 39 of the 94 lymphoma cases (with 28 cases being MALT lymphoma and 11 cases being extranodal DLBCL). mRNA expression was not detected in all cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the negative controls. Two fusion gene variants, A1446-M1123 and A1446-M814 were found, and A1446-M1123 expression was more common. As for MALT lymphoma cases, the frequency of the fusion gene expression was lower in thyroid, when compared with that in lung, stomach and intestine. API2-MALT1-positive cases had tumors in an earlier stage with milder infiltration of cancer cells, lower relapse rate, and higher five-year survival rate.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of API2-MALT1 mRNA can be detected in both MALT lymphoma and extranodal DLBCL, but not in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. These cases tend to show a more indolent clinical course and better survival. The frequency of t (11; 18) (q21; q21) correlates with the primary sites of MALT lymphoma. The higher incidence of breakpoint at 1123 bp of MALT1 gene in Chinese people may be due to geographical variation.

Caspases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genetic Variation ; Hashimoto Disease ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation 1 Protein ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Neoplasm Staging ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo approach the clinical curative effect of treatment of the disease of vertebral column by the arc-track private lock pedicle orthopedics fixation system (ALPF II).

METHODSEighty-six cases were treated by useing ALPF II. The average age of the cases was 36.8 years (range from 18 to 69 years),the male was 39 cases and the female was 37 cases. The results were evaluated and all the cases were followed-up.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed-up for 9 to 30 months. The amelioration of patients nerve function,spinal motion, low back pain and leg pain was 94.1%, 65.9%, 92.1% and 87.4% respectively. The height of anterior and posterior border after operation were improved greatly than that before operation (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The X-ray films showed that the angle of kyphosis was also improved significantly (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTo treat spinal column disease, ALPF II is a kind of operation safety simple, easy control, reset good, curative effect credibility, the complications little of treatment method.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedic Fixation Devices ; Spinal Diseases ; surgery

The effects of paraventricular nucleus (PVN) stimulation and vasopressin on gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury (GI-RI) were investigated in male SD rats of which the celiac artery was clamped for 30 min and reperfused for 1 h by removal of the clamp. The results were as follows. Both electrical and chemical stimulation of the PVN obviously attenuated the GI-RI. Bilateral electrolytic lesion of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) or microinjection of AVP-V(1) receptor antagonist into the NTS could eliminate the protective effect of electrical stimulation of the PVN on GI-RI. Hypophysectomy did not influence the effect of electrical stimulation of the PVN. Both vagotomy and sympathectomy could increase the effect of stimulating PVN on GI-RI. Microinjection of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) into the PVN also attenuated the effect on GI-RI. These results suggest that the PVN and AVP participate in the regulation of GI-RI and play an important role in protection against GI-RI. This protective effect of PVN on GI-RI might be mediated by activation of AVP-ergic neurons in the PVN, which release AVP from the descending projection fibers and activate the AVP-V(1) receptors on the NTS neurons. The vagus and sympathetic nerves are involved in the efferent pathway exerting their effects on GI-RI. Hypophysis does not seem to be involved in the protective effect of PVN stimulation.
Afferent Pathways ; physiology ; Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Male ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Stomach ; blood supply ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; physiology ; Vagus Nerve ; physiology ; Vasopressins ; pharmacology