Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cluster Analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; classification ; epidemiology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Yang Deficiency ; classification ; epidemiology ; Yin Deficiency ; classification ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the DNA genome and RNA expression in 5-flurocytosine-resistant strains of Candida albicans from vaginal candidasis.

METHODSSixteen strains of Candida albicans were selected from clinically diagnosed revul-vaginal candidasis. Eight 5-flurocytosine-sensitive isolates and 8 resistant isolates were examined by France Media FUNGUS sensitive test. DNA genome was detected with random amplification polymorph DNA. RNA expression was detected with random amplification polymorph RNA method.

RESULTSThere were no distinct differences between 5-flurocytosine-sensitive and resistant Candida albicans in DNA genome, while RNA expression showed significant differences between 5-flurocytosine-resistant and sensitive strains.

CONCLUSIONClinical 5-flurocytosine-resistant strains of Candida albicans from revul-vaginal candidasis may be related to phenotype changes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antifungal Agents ; pharmacology ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; genetics ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal ; microbiology ; DNA, Fungal ; analysis ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Female ; Flucytosine ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Fungal ; analysis ; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique

Objective To investigate the radiobiological effects of radiation with different dose rates on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 treated with or without a poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor,olaparib.Methods The concentration of olaparib used to treat cells equaled to the inhibition concentration IC10 of olaparib to CNE-2 cells.The CNE-2 cells were divided into acute radiotherapy (RT) group,fractionated radiotherapy (FRT) group,olaparib + RT group,and olaparib + FRT group.All groups were exposed to radiation of 0,1,2,3,5,7,and 10 Gy at a dose rate of 3 Gy/min.The delivery time for each dose point was 4 min in RT and 30 min in FRT.The colony forming assay was used to evaluate the survival of CNE-2 cells at each dose point.The multi-target,single-hit model was used to fit the cell survival curves and the parameters,D0,Dq,and SF2,were calculated.At dose points of 0.1,and 2 Gy,western blot was used to determine the expression of PARP-1 in the RT group and the FRT group and γH2AX in each group.Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the γH2AX focus formation.A single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the 4 groups,and two two compared with SNK-q test.Results The IC10 value of olaparib to CNE-2 cells was 4.0 μmoL/L.At dose points of 1 and 2 Gy,the PARP-1 expression was significantly higher in the FRT group than in the RT group (P=0.029,0.022),while the γH2AX focus number was significantly smaller in the FRT group than in the other three groups (all P＜0.05);compared with the RT group,the D0,Dq,and SF2 values in the FRT group were increased by 11.67％,15.78％,and 23.61％,respectively;compared with the FRT group,the D0,Dq,and SF2 values in the Olaparib+ FRT group decreased by 11.19％,6.44％,and 13.26％,respectively;there were no significant differences in above indices between the RT group,the Olaparib+RT group,and the Olaparib+FRT group.Conclusions For the same radiation dose,fractionation reduces the relative dose rate and weakens the radiobiological effects.lowdose olaparib can compromise the single strand break repair induced by the decline of the relative dose rate in a fractionated irradiation mode,which promotes the formation of double-strand break and improves the radiobiological effects.

The chemical consitituents from cytotoxic fraction of the Callicarpa nudiflora extract were isolated and purified by a combination of HP-20 macroporous resin, silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. The structures were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data and comparison of their spectroscopic data with reported data. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT assay. The 50% and 70% EtOH elutions of EtOH-extract showed significant cytotoxic activities, leading to the isolation of twelve compounds, which were identified as luteoloside(1), lutedin-4'-O-β-D-glucoside(2), 6-hydroxyluteolin-7-O-β-glucoside(3), lutedin-7-O-neohesperidoside(4), rhoifolin (5), luteolin-7, 4'-di-O-glucoside (6), forsythoside B (7), acteoside (8), alyssonoside (9), catalpol(10), nudifloside(11), and leonuride(12). Compounds 3-6, 10 and 12 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and compound 9 was isolated from this plant for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that flavonoids 1-6, in various concentrations, showed monolithic proliferation inhibitory activities against Hela, A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. Compounds 3, 5 and iridoid glycoside 11 possessed higher cytotoxicacivities. In short, flavonoids are the main components of cytotoxic extract from C. nudiflora, while phenylethanoid glycosides are the predominant ingredient but inactive to cancer cell lines. In addition, the minor iridoid glycoside expressed weak cytotoxic activity.
Callicarpa ; chemistry ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cytotoxins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Molecular Structure

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Fuzheng Jianpi Decoction (FJD) combined chemotherapy on the quality of life (QOL) and the survival time of children with solid tumor.

METHODSRecruited were 167 solid tumor children patients at Department of Tumor, Beijing Children's Hospital from Jan. 2005 to Jan. 2008. They were randomly assigned to the treatment group (83 cases) and the control group (84 cases) according to the random digit table. All had chemotherapy. Those in the treatment group additionally took FJD, 50 -100 mL each time, twice daily. After chemotherapy those in the treatment group took modified FJD. The WBC, Hb, and PLT were detected in all patients before treatment, 6 months after treatment, and 1 year after treatment. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year QOL, 3-year survival rate, and the survival life of dead children patients were observed.

RESULTSCompared with the control group of the same period, the 6-month and 1-year WBC and Hb increased, the 1-year PLT increased in the treatment group, showing statistical difference (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with 1-year treatment in the treatment group, the 2-and 3-year psychological functions and the general symptoms scores decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the control group of the same period, the 2-and 3-year somatic functions, psychological functions, and the general symptoms scores decreased in the treatment group; the 2-year somatic functions and psychological functions decreased in the treatment group; the 3-year psychological functions and the general symptoms scores decreased in the treatment group, all with statistical difference (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the death number decreased, the survival rate increased, the life span of dead children was prolonged in the treatment group, showing statistical difference (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONFJD combined chemotherapy could effectively improve the QOL of solid tumor children patients, elevate their survival rate, and prolong their life spans.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Integrative Medicine ; Male ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Phytotherapy ; Quality of Life ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo introduce a better surgical approach for the resection of tumors involving the anterior and middle skull base and the fronto-orbito-ethmoidal area.

METHODSA "T" form incision was made in the fronto-orbito-ethmoidal region and along the nasal pyramid down. Parts of ethmoid sinus, lamina papyracea, fronto-orbito bone and behind wall of frontal sinus were resected in order to expose the tumors in the anterior skull base and the fronto-orbito-ethmoidal region. Then, the tumor was resected partly under the operation microscope, protecting the neighbouring important structures, for instance: optic nerve, internal carotid artery, sella, meninx, etc. The nasal pyramid was repaired and fixed to the frontal bone with titanium board and titanium nail in order to resume the appearance of a good face.

RESULTSThirteen patients received tumour resection through this approach. The patients were followed-up for 24 months, 11 patients showed no tumour recurrence, no severe complication, such as cerebrospinal rhinorrhea, meningoencephlocele, etc, in this series. The facial appearance was good.

CONCLUSIONSThe approach via the fronto-orbito-ethmoidal region is a good surgical procedure to resect the tumors involving the anterior and middle skull base and the fronto-orbito-ethmoidal area.

Ethmoid Bone ; surgery ; Female ; Frontal Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Neoplasms ; surgery ; Orbit ; surgery ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery

AIMTo investigate the effect of diazoxide preconditioning and the role of ERK and JNK in cellular signaling during diazoxide preconditioning protection in isolated spontaneous hypertension rat (SHR) hearts.

METHODSHearts were isolated from male SHR rats, and perfused on a Langendorff apparatus. Five groups were considered (n = 6). Con: after 40 min perfusion the hearts were submitted to 25 min ischemia followed by 30 min reperfusion. IP: the hearts were preconditioned with 2 periods of 5 min ischemia and 10 min reperfusion prior to 25 min ischemia. DP: the hearts were preconditioned with 2 periods of 10 min K-H solution with 50 micromol x L(-1) diazoxide and 5 min K-H solution reperfusion prior to 25 min ischemia. 5-HD: perfuse with 100 micromol x L(-1) 5-HD (a special mitochondrial ATP sensitive potassium channel blocker) for 10 min followed by 30 min K-H solution perfusion before 25 min ischemia. 5-HD + DP: 100 micromol x L(-1) 5-HD was given for 10 min before diazoxide preconditioning.

RESULTSDuring reperfusion, comparing with Con group, the recoveries of left ventricle developed pressure (LVDP), + dP/dt(max), - dP/dt(max) and left ventricle end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were improved in IP and DP groups (P < 0.01 vs Con). At the end of reperfusion, compared with Con group, the expression of ERK in myocardium were higher in IP and DP groups (P < 0.01 vs Con), there was no significance between 5-HD and Con group, but 5-HD couldn't inhibit the expression of ERK induced by diazoxide preconditioning. The expression of JNK in IP and DP groups were decreased (P < 0.05 vs Con), this effect could been inhibited by 5-HD.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that diazoxide preconditioning could mimic ischemic preconditioning, the activation of ERK expression and the declining of JNK expression involved in diazoxide preconditioning in isolated SHR hearts.

Animals ; Diazoxide ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; MAP Kinase Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR

OBJECTIVETo study the genotype frequencies of peroxisome proliferators-activated -receptors-gamma C161-->T gene and its possible association with the metabolic syndrome and dietary intakes.

METHODSThe PCR-PFLP method was used to detect the polymorphism of PPARgammaC161-->T gene of 224 adults with metabolic syndrome and 224 normal adults in Shanghai. Their physical examinations, dietary investigation and the serum biochemistry were analyzed.

RESULTS(1) The genotype frequencies of PPARgamma C161-->T CC, CT and TT were 32.4%, 49.6% and 18.0% respectively, which were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes or allele between the metabolic syndrome group and the control group, and the result was the same between male and female subjects. (2) The levels of body mass index,waist width and hip width were significantly different among three genotypes groups. Subjects of the CT genotype had the highest levels. (3) There was significant difference in the negative correlation with the intake of protein and serum TG levels in the metabolic syndrome group.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggested PPARgamma gene C161-->T should be associated with body mass index, waist width and hip width. It might contribute to the heterogeneity in diet response to TG.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Causality ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Diet ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; genetics ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo provide endoscopic anatomic bony structures of pterygopalatine fossa for skull base surgery.

METHODSThe bony structures of the pterygopalatine fossa were observed in ten dry skulls under endoscope.

RESULTSThe pterygopalatine fossa showed a long and narrow cleft composed of the body and pterygoid process of sphenoid bone, the lamina perpendicular of palatine bone, and the posterior wall of maxillary sinus. The pterygopalatine fossa is (21.4 +/- 0.8) mm x (5.2 +/- 0.3) mm x (3.2 +/- 0.3) mm, with seven paths communicating with nasal cavity, mouth cavity, pharynx, orbit, infratemporal fossa and middle cranial fossa. Under endoscope,the whole pterygopalatine fossa could be observed.

CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic anatomic study of the pterygopalatine fossa is important to endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. Under endoscope,the whole pterygopalatine fossa can be observed.

Adult ; Anatomy, Regional ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Pterygopalatine Fossa ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Skull Base ; anatomy & histology ; surgery