Long non-coding RNA ( LncRNA) is a class of transcript (>200 nucleotides) that do not encode proteins. It plays an important role in epigenetic regulation and gene expression at transcriptional or post transcriptional level. The abnormal expression of LncRNA may lead to various pathological processes. Diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) is a multifactorial disease. Recent studies have shown that many specific expressions of LncRNAs are closely related to the genesis of DR. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in the function of LncRNA, the regulatory mechanisms of LncRNA involved in the development of DR, and the related therapies.

At the beginning of the 1980s, a concept of viable but non-culturable(VBNC) was suggested. VBNC is a survival strategy adopted by microorganisms when they are exposed to environmental stress. This article try to make a summary of research of the conditions of VBNC formation, recovery of culturability and methods of VBNC cells detection. In addition, introduces the first growth factor of microorganisms-Rpf.

This project is targeted on exploring some improving approaches to isolate and culture the microorganisms which are difficult to be isolated and cultured through the conventional ways. The results showed that betaine, sodium pyruvate, SOD and catalase are helpful for increasing the total number and variety of isolated strains. A kind of combined method was also used to isolate the micro-colony which can not be seen by naked eyes on the plates. Totally 52 Actinomycetes and 103 bacteria and 17 fungi were obtained from 4 soil samples using the above methods. 4. 325% microorganisms were obtained as positive strains to inhibit the growth of some kinds of test bacteria, which is higher than the percent using generally isolated ones. These microbial natural products may remain an important resource for the drug discovery.

Background and purpose:Remarkable advances have been made in cancer chemotherapy by developing new anticancer drugs and therapy strategies.However,multidrug resistance in human cancers remains a major clinical challenge for cancer treatment.Attempts in several clinical studies to reverse multidrug resistance protein (MDR) by using MDR modulators have not yet generated promising results.Our aim was to explored the mechanism of reversal of multidrug resistance in human leukemia K562 cells by PI3-K inhibitor.Methods:Trypanblue dye exclusion method was used to observe the drug sensitivity and the effect of LY294002 on the drug resistance.Western blot to analyze P-gp and p-Akt phenotypes,and flow cytometer was used to measure the intracellular drug accumulation. Results:K562/D induced by DNR was cross resistant to DNR,ADR,VCR and VP16 (Resistance Index:65,52,134 and 50 respectively).DNR induced over-expressions of P-gp and p-Akt in K562/D cells;LY294002 increased the intracellular drug accumulation,and then reversed the drug resistance to DNR,ADR,VCR and VPI6 in K562/D cells(Resistance Index:23,21,63 and 29 respectively),but not in the sensitive cells (K562/S).Conclusion:The multidrug resistance of K562/D cells can be induced by DNR which is related to the P-gp and p-Akt over-expressions, and LY294002 can reverse multidrug resistance in human leukemia cells in vitro via inhibits PI3-K/Akt pathway.

Objective To investigate the ability of nurse-patient communication and Self-efficacy between baccalaureate and associate nursing students, and provide instruction for fostering the nurses' positive ability of nurse-patient communication and Self-efficacy. Methods Thirty baccalaureate nursing students from Grade 2005 and 30 associate nursing students from Grade 2006 in the nursing school of Mudanjiang Medical College were selected by random sampling and were investigated with the ability nurse-patient communication Scale by XuYaHong and General Self-Efficacy Scale by Ralf scchwarzer. Results The total level of nursepatient communication ability was medium or above that. There was significantly different in the ability of nursepatient communication between nurses with different educational level in terms of the total scores of nurse-patient communication, scores of coffering information and understanding patients, those in baccalaureate nursing students were higher than those in associate nursing students. Conclusions The clinicle teacher must take implemation to cultivate the ability of nurse-patient communication during the clinical practice. The result suggests that teachers should build the students' positive self-efficacy to improve their nurse-patient communication, ability.

OBJECTIVETo search for the possible relation between tortilcollis and partial chromosome 13q trisomy.

METHODSFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique combined with chromosome banding was performed to determine the karyotype of two patients with typical clinical features of partial 13q trisomy syndrome, then their manifestations were compared with those of the literatures published previously.

RESULTSThe two cases were partial trisomy of 13q14--> ter with a different second derivative chromosome, in spite of this difference, both of them had tortilcollis.

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that a potential site for tortilcollis may locate on the long arm of chromosome 13. With reference to a report previously published, the more precise candidate related region may be 13q32--> qter.

Child ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; genetics ; Cytogenetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Torticollis ; genetics ; Trisomy ; genetics

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Psychometrics ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective:Clonidine,by activating peripheral α-sbrenoceptors, produces transient pressor response after i.v.injection in anesthetized animals.Moxonidine, with at least 40-fold higher affinity to I1-imidazoline receptors than to α2-adrenoceptors,produces also a transient pressor response. This work was designed to investigate whether I1-imidazoline receptors are involved in this pressor effect of moxonidine. Methods:Female spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs,aged 14-16 weeks)were anesthetized with urethane.To observe the transient pressor responses,moxonidine 0.1,0.3,1.0mg/kg(intravenous,i.v),2.0μg(intracerebroventricular,i.c.v.)and 1.0,10.0mg/kg(intragastric,i.g.)were administrated in different groups of rats.To evaluate the roles of α1-adrenoceptors,α2-adrenoceptors and I1-imidazoline receptors in the transient pressor responses to moxonidine, prazosin(10.0μg/kg),yohimbine(2.0mg/kg),phentolamine(0.2mg/kg),idazoxan(1.0mg/kg)or yohimbine+idazoxan(2.0mg/kg+1.0mg/kg)were intravenously given to the animals before moxonidine 0.3mg/kg (i.v.).Results:It was found that i.v.moxonidine produced a greater pressor response than clonidine when producing a similar reduction of blood pressure.This effect of moxonidine was not influenced by prazosin, but was partly inhibited by yohimbine, phentolamine or idazoxan,and completely blocked by the combination of yohimbine and idzaxon.Neither i.c.v.injection nor i.g. administration of moxonidine induced transient pressor responses.Conclusion:The transient pressor response of i.v. moxonidine is mediated by both peripheral I1-imidazoline receptors and α2-adrenoceptors.

OBJECTIVETo explore a new method in estimating extent and degree of arterial injury in upper limbs sustaining high tension electric burns.

METHODSEighteen patients (twenty-four upper limbs) with high tension electricity injury were admitted from December 1998 to September 2002, The damaged limbs consisted of four parts: wrist wound part, 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm parts around wrist wound, where the radial and ulnar arteries were detected using B ultrasound and color WP Doppler examination. The changes of endangium, vessel diameter, thickness of the vessel wall and volume of blood flow were recorded respectively. The parameters of normal radial and ulnar arteries were also determined as normal control.

RESULTSB ultrasound and color WP Doppler examination showed that the endangium in radial and ulnar arteries become coarse, edema or exfoliation. The vessel wall was thicker than that of the normal control and the thickness was heterogeneity. The vessel wall could be necrosis in severe patient and the vessel cavity was stricture or beaded. Thrombosis or occlusion could occur at the site of severe injury area in vessel. The decrease in volume of blood flow was observed. The condition of the radial and ulnar arteries become well apart from 10 - 15 cm of wrist wound.

CONCLUSIONSThe ultrasonography can be used to detect the changes in endangium, diameter, thickness of the vessel wall, blood flow volume in injury blood vessel caused by electric burn injury. It is helpful in judging the degree and extent of injury vessel and could be a safe, non-invasive diagnostic method and is worth popularizing.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns, Electric ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radial Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; Ulnar Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; Ultrasonography ; Wrist Injuries ; diagnostic imaging

Objective:To examine the potential mediating effect of mindfulness on personality traits and psychological distress.Methods:A total of 172 oncology nurses [mean age(32 ±7) years] in Shandong Province were selected.They were assessed with Big Five Inventory (BFI),Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) for the evaluation of personality traits,mindfulness and psychological distress.Bootstrap was used to test the mediating effect.Results:The mean score of K10 was (22.3 ±6.5) among oncology nurses,and 50.6％ of them had psychological distress problems.The K10 scores were negatively correlated with the scores of extroversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness and MAAS scores (r =-0.29,-0.31,-0.31,-0.48,Ps ＜ 0.01),and the K10 scores were positively correlated with neuroticism scores (r =0.40,P ＜0.01).The confidence interval from Bootstrap output indicated mindfulness played a partial mediating role between neuroticism and psychological distress (95％ CI:0.05-0.28),the value of mediating effect was 27.1％.Conclusion:The relation of mindfulness to personality traits and psychological distress among oncology nurses are intimate.Mindfulness could mediate the relationship between neuroticism and psychological distress.