Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Emodin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Cassiae Semen is a common traditional Chinese medicine, and contents of anthraquinones of Cassiae Semen different significantly from area to area. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition), only contents of aurantio obtusin and chrysophanol were used to evaluate the quality of Cassiae Semen, another data could be added later. Ten batches of Cassiae Semen from different areas were determined, and total anthraquinones, total free anthraquinones and total combined anthraquinones contents were assessed by ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer, contents of aurantio obtusin, rhein, aloe emodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion were determined by HPLC. After that, principal components analysis was used to evaluate these data determined previous by dimension reduction analysis. At last, the result suggests that three main components were found out, it shows that content of aloe emodin could be used to evaluate the quality of Cassiae Semen as well as contents of aurantio obtusin and chrysophanol. And Cassiae Semen from Hebei province posseses higher quality than Cassiae Semen from other different areas. All these results can provide a good reference for quality evaluating of Cassiae Semen medicinal materials at a certain extent.
Anthraquinones ; analysis ; Cassia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Principal Component Analysis

Objective To evaluate the influence of Eperythrozoon infection on human and mouse erythrocytes and to explore the pathogenesis of Eperythrozoonosis. Methods The specific gene fragment of Eperythrozoon was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the venous blood samples of five patients infected with Eperythrozoon. The complement receptor type I (CD35) expression on erythrocytes of these five patients was determined by flow cytometry. Thereafter, the Eperythrozoons were purified from human samples and injected into mice through the tail veins. Blood smear microscopy, PCR and transmission electron microscopy were used to assure the successful infection. The hematological indicators of human and mice, such as red blood cell (RBC) count,hemoglobin (Hb) content, hematocrit and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated. All results were analyzed by t test. Results More than 80% of treated mice were confirmed to be infected with Eperythrozoon successfully. A fragment of 801 bp specific gene of Eperythrozoon was detected by PCR in samples from both infected patients and infected mice, which were not detected in samples from healthy control people or control mice. CD35 was highly expressed on the erythrocytes of infected patients, but not expressed on the erythrocytes of infected mice. Both RBC counts and Hb content dramatically decreased in infected patients and infected mice. Hematocrit and the activity of SOD also slightly decreased in infected patients and infected mice. Conclusions Eperythrozoon can spread between human and mice and destroy erythrocyte structure. Eperythrozoon can upregulate CD35 expression in human, but there is no CD35 expression in mice.

GJ-4 is crocin enrichments extracted from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, and our previous studies have shown that GJ-4 significantly improved learning and memory impairment induced by Aβ in mice. Herein, a memory deficit model was developed by injecting okadaic acid (OA) into the lateral ventricle of mice, and the neuroprotection and underlying mechanism of GJ-4 on neuronal injury caused by Tau hyperphosphorylation were investigated. The Animal Care & Welfare Committee, Institute of Materia Medica, CAMS & PUMC has approved all procedures (No.00000318). GJ-4 at different doses was intragastric administration to mice for 16 days. Step-down test and Morris water maze test showed that GJ-4 could significantly improve OA-induced memory impairment in mice, and reduced the loss of Nissl bodies in the hippocampus of mice. GJ-4 could also decrease the phosphorylation level of Tau protein at Ser396, Thr231 and Ser404 via increasing protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity and inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activity. Besides, further researches indicated that GJ-4 could inhibit the level of oxidative stress in the brain of OA mice, reduce neuronal apoptosis and inhibit the neuroinflammation mediated by activation of astrocytes in the hippocampus of mice, and eventually achieve its effects in improving learning and memory impairment in mice. According to these findings, we anticipated that GJ-4 might be a potential therapeutic drug for Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the anticancerous effect of Fuganchun 6 (FGC-6) and its immunoregulatory effect on tumor-bearing mice.

METHODThe mice inoculated by H22 cells were divided into 5 groups: model group, 5-Fu group and FGC-6 in high dose, medium dose, and low dose groups. The normal mice were also observed. These mice were treated for 10 days. The weight of tumor mass and mouse were examined. The target-cell-killing activity of NK cells. The proliferation activity of lymphocyte and the production of IL-2 of murine splenocytes were detected respectively. The serum containing FGC-6 was prepared and its inhibition effect on H22 cells was examined by MTT assay and growth curve in vitro.

RESULTGrowth of tumor was inhibited markedly by FGC-6 high dose. The inhibition of serum containing FGC-6 on the proliferation of H22 cells in vitro was observerd in a dose and time-dependent manner. The target-cell-killing activity of NK cells and the production of IL-2 of murine splenocytes of model group were lower than those of normal group (P < 0.05). When compared with model group, FGC-6 in high dose elevated the two indexes above-mentioned, and also enhanced the proliferation activity of lymphocyte markedly (P < 0.05). The production of IL-2 of murine splenocytes was also improved when treated by FGC-6 in medium dose (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFGC-6 can inhibite the growth of H22 cells markedly and also can strengthen the immunity of H22 transplanted mouse.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; metabolism ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spleen ; cytology ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo probe into the method for effectively increasing complete abortion rate of medicine-induced abortion and observe pathological changes.

METHODSTwo hundred cases were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 100 cases in each group. The observation group were treated by acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Neiguan (PC 6) and Kunlun (BL 60), and the control group were not treated by acupuncture. The abortion rate, bleeding condition, adverse reaction and pathological changes were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSThe complete abortion rate was 96.0% in the observation group, better than 88.0% in the control group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in bleeding time and pathological changes (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture can increase complete abortion rate of medicine-induced abortion, with shorter bleeding time and less residual villus.

Abortion, Induced ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy

Metabolomics is an omics subject which studies on the metabolic network of organism and the intrinsic metabolic change of entirety with the aim of clarifying the mechanism of medicinal effect and pathogenesis of disease, is similar to the whole concept theory of Chinese medicine. The mectabolomics technology helps to promote the modern process of traditional Chinese medicine. This article illustrated the application research on the concept of metabolomics, the syndrome of Chinese medicine, quality and components of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine compounds and so on, explored the problems on the current research and the prospect meanwhile.

Objective To explore the protective effect of olanzapine on amyloid β25-35 (Aβ25-35) induced PC12 cells injury.Methods The cells were divided into normal group,model group and low-dose,middle-dose,high-dose test groups.The model group and test group were constructed oxidative stress model with 10 μmol · L-1 Aβ25-35.The low-dose,middle-dose,high-dose test groups were given 10,30,100 μmol · L-1 olanzapine,respectively.And control and model groups were given blank media without drug.The viability of PC12 cells,cell apoptosis and activity of Caspase 3 were measured by MTF assay,Hoechst staining and spectrophotometry,respectively.The B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2),Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase / protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) were measured by Western blot.Results In the control group,model group and low-dose,middle-dose,high-dose test groups,the viability of PC12 cells were (100.00 ± 9.35) ％,(58.46 ± 5.59) ％,(67.43±6.52)％,(76.31 ±7.60)％,(89.21 ±8.85)％;the activity of Caspase 3 were (1.00 ±0.12),(3.48±0.35),(2.85 ±0.28),(2.03 ±0.20),(1.34 ±0.13)U · mg-1;the expression of Bcl-2 were (0.68 ±0.06),(0.24 ±0.02),(0.38 ±0.04),(0.63 ±0.06),(0.69 ±0.07);the expression of Bax were (0.27-±0.02),(0.82 ±0.08),(0.63 ±0.06),(0.43 ±0.04),(0.30 ±0.03);the expression of PI3K were (0.89-± 0.08),(0.22 ± 0.02),(0.34 ± 0.03),(0.50-0.05),(0.54 ± 0.05);the expression of p-AKT were (2.32 ± 0.22),(0.28 ± 0.02),(0.27 ± 0.02),(1.88 ± 0.18),(2.00 ± 0.20);the expression of p-CREB were (2.79 ±0.24),(0.18 ±0.01),(0.14 ±0.01),(0.47 ±0.04),(0.50 ±0.05).Compared with the control group,the those indexes in model group had a significant difference (P ＜ 0.01);the differences on viability of PC12 cells,activity of Caspase 3,expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and PI3K in low-dose,middle-dose,high-dose test groups and model group were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Also,compared with model group,the differences of p-AKT and p-CREB in middle-dose,high-dose test groups were significant (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Olanza-pine has a definitive protect efficacy for A325-35 induced PC12 cells injury,which might be related to activating PI3K/AKT signal pathway.

As a new method for simultaneous imaging of endogenous low molecular weight (＜ 1000 D) metabolites of complex biological samples through quantitative and qualitative analyses,metabolomics has been applied to biomarkers discovery,diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic judgement of diseases.Blood deficiency and blood stasis syndroms are common traditional Chinese medicine syndromes.Metabolomics can reflect the dynamic change regularity of metabolites of blood deficiency and blood stasis.The object of this article is to review the application of metabolomicsin blood deficiency and blood stasis.