Transcription factor PU.1, as a core member of the ETS family, plays a pivotal role in the multi-lineage differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, particularly in the regulation of erythroid differentiation. PU.1 orchestrates the process of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation towards erythroid cells by modulating the transcription of lineage-determining factors and interacting with other key transcription factors in a fine-tuned manner. PU.1 plays an irreplaceable role in the development and function of red blood cells, with its abnormal expression closely related to the occurrence and progression of various blood diseases, including leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and various types of anemia. This article comprehensively analyzes the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of PU.1 in various stages of erythroid differentiation, as well as its potential roles in related blood diseases. This review not only deepens our understanding of the mechanism by which PU.1 regulates erythroid differentiation, but also provides theoretical grounds for blood disease therapies based on PU.1.
Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics* ; Trans-Activators/genetics* ; Cell Differentiation/physiology* ; Hematologic Diseases/physiopathology* ; Erythroid Cells/cytology* ; Animals ; Erythropoiesis/physiology*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dynamic changes of glucocorticoid (GC) dose and the feasibility of GC discontinuation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients under the background of Chinese medicine (CM). METHODS: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 1,196 RA patients enrolled in the China Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry of Patients with Chinese Medicine (CERTAIN) from September 1, 2019 to December 4, 2023, who initiated GC therapy. Participants were divided into the Western medicine (WM) and integrative medicine (IM, combination of CM and WM) groups based on medication regimen. Follow-up was performed at least every 3 months to assess dynamic changes in GC dose. Changes in GC dose were analyzed by generalized estimator equation, the probability of GC discontinuation was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curve, and predictors of GC discontinuation were analyzed by Cox regression. Patients with <12 months of follow-up were excluded for the sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Among 1,196 patients (85.4% female; median age 56.4 years), 880 (73.6%) received IM. Over a median 12-month follow-up, 34.3% (410 cases) discontinued GC, with significantly higher rates in the IM group (40.8% vs. 16.1% in WM; P<0.05). GC dose declined progressively, with IM patients demonstrating faster reductions (median 3.75 mg vs. 5.00 mg in WM at 12 months; P<0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis identified age <60 years [P<0.001, hazard ratios (HR)=2.142, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.523-3.012], IM therapy (P=0.001, HR=2.175, 95% CI: 1.369-3.456), baseline GC dose ⩽7.5 mg (P=0.003, HR=1.637, 95% CI: 1.177-2.275), and absence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use (P=0.001, HR=2.546, 95% CI: 1.432-4.527) as significant predictors of GC discontinuation. Sensitivity analysis (545 cases) confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS RA patients receiving CM face difficulties in following guideline-recommended GC discontinuation protocols. IM can promote GC discontinuation and is a promising strategy to reduce GC dependency in RA management. (Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT05219214).
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy* ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Retrospective Studies

italic>Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC is one of the most commonly used bulk medicinal herbs. It has important value in the fields of medicine, food and cosmetics, and its market demand is increasing year by year, and it has a good development prospect. In this study, based on 403 distribution records and 8 environmental variables, we used Maxent model to predict the potential distribution of P. grandiflorum under climate change. The results showed that the model simulation effect was the best when the Maxent parameter was FC (feature combination) = LQPH (L: linear features; Q: quadratic features; P: product features; H: hinge features) and RM (regularization multiplier) = 2.1, AUC (area under curve) = 0.901, and the model prediction showed that P. grandiflorum was widely distributed in 28 provinces of China under the current climate conditions, with a suitable area of 2 337 419.98 km². Under the influence of climate change in the future, the area of suitable habitat of P. grandiflorum showed a decreasing trend, and the distribution center as a whole showed a trend of northward and eastward shift. The distribution area of P. grandiflorum in the three main producing areas is affected by climate change, and the overall trend is that the future suitable distribution area of Chifeng in Inner Mongolia increases, while the future suitable distribution area of Zibo in Shandong and Taihe, Bozhou in Anhui decreases or even disappears under the SSP5-8.5 scenario (shared socioeconomic pathways). It is suggested to maintain and protect the ecological environment and germplasm resources of the reserved area suitable for the growth of P. grandiflorum, and increase the cultivation research in the expansion area of P. grandiflorum, so as to lay a foundation for the subsequent expansion of P. grandiflorum planting and to promote the protection and sustainable development of P. grandiflorum resources.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and influencing factors of omadacycline(OMC)in the treat-ment of patients with infectious diseases.Methods Data about hospitalized patients who received OMC monothera-py or combination therapy at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2022 to December 2023 were analyzed retrospectively.The influencing factors for failure of OMC treatment was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 160 patients were included in analysis,with an overall effective treatment rate of 69.4％(n=111).After treatment with OMC,patients in effective group was observed that body temperature improved([36.83±0.52]℃ vs[37.85±0.92]℃,P＜0.001),white blood cell count([7.78±4.07]× 109/L vs[10.06±6.49]× 109/L,P＜0.001),procalcitonin([0.63±1.19]ng/mL vs[4.43±10.14]ng/mL,P=0.001),C-reactive protein([35.16±37.82]mg/L vs[105.08±99.47]mg/L,P＜0.001),and aspartate aminotransferase([50.50±40.04]U/L vs[77.17±91.43]U/L,P=0.004)all decreased signifi-cantly.Only one patient had adverse reactions such as diarrhea,but treatment was not interrupted.Univariate ana-lysis showed that patients in failure treatment group had a higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)score(17.0[9.5-22.0]vs 12.0[9.0-19.0],P=0.046)and sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score(7.0[4.5-10.0]vs 4.0[2.0-9.0],P=0.019).Multivariate analysis showed that end-stage liver disease(OR=77.691,95％CI:5.448-1 107.880,P=0.001),mechanical ventilation(OR=6.686,95％CI:1.628-27.452,P=0.008)and the combination treatment of vancomycin(OR=6.432,95％CI:1.891-21.874,P=0.003)were risk factors for the failure of OMC treatment,while the course of OMC treatment(OR=0.905,95％CI:0.825-0.994,P=0.037)was a protective factor for the effective treatment.Conclusion OMC can be used as an alternative therapy for refractory severe infection,with fewer adverse reaction.End-stage liver disease,mechanical ventilation and combination treatment of vancomycin are risk factors for failure of OMC treatment in in-fected patients.Adequate OMC treatment course can improve patients'clinical outcome,large-scale case studies are needed to confirm the initial conclusion.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of auricular thumbtack needle on breast feeding and lactation function in primiparous women with cesarean section, and to explore its mechanism of action from the perspective of lactation-related gene expression. METHODS: One hundred cases of primiparous women with cesarean section were randomly divided into an observation group (50 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (50 cases, 2 cases were eliminated). The patients in the control group were treated with routine obstetric care. Based on the treatment of the control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with auricular thumbtack needle at Neifenmi (CO₁₈), Xiong (AH₁₀), Xiongzhui (AH₁₁), Shenmen (TF₄), and Jiaogan (AH_6a), etc., with one side of auricular point selected, only once for a total of 3 d. The lactation initiation time, lactation adequacy rate at postpartum 72 h, exclusive breastfeeding rate at postpartum 42 d, and breastfeeding score after treatment were compared between the two groups. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot method were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of TDP-43, Btn1A1 and XDH. RESULTS: After treatment, the lactation initiation time in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group (P<0.01), and breastfeeding score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). The lactation adequacy rate at postpartum 72 h was 63.8% (30/47) in the observation group, which was higher than 41.7% (20/48) in the control group (P<0.05). The exclusive breastfeeding rate at postpartum 42 d was 72.3% (34/47) in the observation group, which was higher than 47.9% (23/48) in the control group (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of TDP-43 and Btn1A1 in breast milk in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.01), while there was no statistically significant difference in mRNA and protein expression of XDH in breast milk between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The auricular thumbtack needle in addition to routine care could promote lactation initiation, improve lactation adequacy rate and exclusive breastfeeding rate in primiparous women with cesarean section, and the action mechanism may be related to up-regulation of TDP-43 and Btn1A1 expression.
Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Breast Feeding ; Cesarean Section ; Lactation ; Milk, Human ; DNA-Binding Proteins

Humans ; Pleura/pathology* ; Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Pleural/pathology* ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pleural Neoplasms/pathology*

Objective: To investigate the related factors associated with the structure of the gut microbial community in HIV infection/AIDS cases (HIV/AIDS) in Henan province. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to select 122 cases who were receiving Antiviral Treatment (ART) or ART-naive in Henan. Whole blood and stool specimens were collected. Genomic DNA of stool samples was extracted, and the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq 6000 high-throughput sequencing system. The analysis was performed mainly at the genus level, and the 30 genera with the highest abundance were selected as a measure of the gut microbial community structure. The correlation between community structure and related factors was analyzed using redundancy analysis and Envfit function. Results: 122 cases were finally completed sequencing and analysis, the average BMI was (23.62±2.78) kg/m² and the average age was (47±13) years. Among them, male accounted for 66.39% (81/122), and heterosexual transmission route constituted the largest ratio, accounting for 51.64% (63/122). 36 cases were treatment naive (29.51%, 36/122). The top five dominant genera of the total population (122 cases) were Prevotella, Roseburia, Megamonas, Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium and the top five dominant genera of the ART population (86 cases) were Prevotella, Megamonas, Bacteroides, Roseburia and Faecalibacterium. The top five dominant genera of the ART-naive population (36 cases) appeared as Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Bacteroides and Megamonas. In the total population, ART (P<0.001) was the most significant factors of community structure. Other significant factors were: duration of diagnosis (P=0.009), viral load (P=0.022) and anti-HCV (P=0.018). ART was positively correlated with Megamonas and negatively correlated with Prevotella, Roseburia and Faecalibacterium, while the other three factors of duration of diagnosis, viral load and anti-HCV were positively correlated with Prevotella, Roseburia and Faecalibacterium and negatively correlated with Megamonas. In the ART-naive population, duration of diagnosis (P=0.003) were the factors significantly associated with community structure. Duration of diagnosis was positively correlated with Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Megamonas and Prevotella and negatively correlated with Bacteroides. Conclusion: ART and duration of diagnosis were factors significantly associated with gut microbial community structure and had a significant impact on multiple high-abundance genera.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology* ; Adult ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics* ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Male ; Microbiota ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics*

Fingerprints of 18 batches of substance benchmark of Shentong Zhuyu Decoction(SZD) were established by UPLC under the following conditions: Waters Sun Fire C_(18) column(3.0 mm×150 mm, 3.5 μm), column temperature of 35 ℃, gradient elution with mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution(B) at the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min~(-1), and detection by wavelength switching. A total of 16 common peaks were identified. The similarities among the fingerprints were calculated by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2012 Edition) and the result showed they were in the range of 0.911-0.988. Based on the 16 common peaks, cluster analysis(CA), principal component analysis(PCA), and partial least square discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) all categorized the 18 batches of samples into two groups(S1, S2, S5-S8, S14, and S17 in one group, and S1, S2, S5-S8, S14, and S17 in another), and 11 most influential components were screened. Five known components with great difference among samples(hydroxysafflor yellow A, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, ecdysone, and ammonium glycyrrhizinate) were determined. The combination of multi-component content determination and fingerprints can reflect the overall cha-racteristics of the primary standards of SZD, which is simple, feasible, reproducible, and stable. This study can serve as a reference for the quality control of the primary standards of SZD.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/standards* ; Quality Control

Graduate education emphasizes the development of students’ scientific research andinnovation abilities. Literature reading and discussion (LRD) plays an active role in the development ofinnovative thinking and critical thinking for graduate students. However, in traditional, large molecularbiology classes, the effective implementation of large-scale, collective LRD presents a great challenge. Mosoteach is a cloud-based free app designed specifically for education with powerful human-computerinteraction and human-human interaction functions. In the present study, LRD was introduced into amolecular biology course for graduate students and was conducted via the Mosoteach app. The onlinediscussion board in the Mosoteach cloud class was restricted to enrolled students and was designated theprivate online discussion board (PODB). The PODB built a sense of community for students and was aneffective approach for organizing and facilitating discussion in large classes. Small-group learning in LRDwas helpful to understand the literature and foster collaboration and discussion. Overall, we demonstratedthat Mosoteach-based LRD was helpful in improving student learning outcomes. The relationship betweenstudent learning style and engagement, satisfaction and academic performance in cloud classes meritsfurther investigation.