Objective: To observe the role of parenteral nutrition and laparoscopic therapy in chylous ascites.Methods: A patient with chylous ascites was therapied with parenteral nutrition(4 weeks) and laparoscopic therapy and parenteral nutrition(1 week) subsequently.Output of ascites was daily measured from the drainage catheter of abdominal cavity.The body weight and other nutritional indexes were determined.Results: During the course of parenteral nutrition,the production and output of ascites gradually decreased,the body weight increased,and the serum album in level kept unchanged.After laparoscopic therapy and parenteral nutrition(1 week),ascites decreased significantly and did not rebound after diet,the body weight and the serum album in level also obviously increased.Conclusion: Laparoscopic therapy and parenteral nutrition are very useful in the treatment of patients with chylous ascites.

Objective To provide a new method for recognizing isotonic or isometric exercise in the rehabilitation of lower residual limbs for the patients after amputation. Methods The signs of surface electromyography (sEMG) of leg quadriceps of 10 amputees in rehabilitation were collected with EMG Sensor and analyzed. Results The absolute magnitude average (MAV)，variance (VAR) and power spectrum coefficient of sEMG can be used as the character value to establish the relation of the sEMG sign and lower limbs motor of rehabilitation. Conclusion A method recognizing the pattern of lower limbs motor in rehabilitation has been advanced, which may be used in further study for the systems controlling lower limbs in rehabilitation of residual limb.

The 3D gait analysis system (Vicon) was used for the gait analysis of health persons and amputees who wear lower limb prosthesis. The result indicated that gait analysis can supply changes of kinematics and biomechanics; which can be used to analyze the difference of joint movement between the health persons and amputees. The 3D gait analysis is feasible for amputees in rehabilitation.

Objective To develop a non-invasive means that monitoring surface electromyography (sEMG) of abdominal muscles for bladder function. Methods SEMG of abdominal muscles from 10 healthy subjects were collected, and the parameters were analyzed in time domain and frequency domain quantificationally based on MATLAB. Results and Conclusion The sEMG of abdominal muscles are related with the process of storing and expelling urine.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases at schools in Beijing from 2010 to 2020, providing evidence for the prevention and control strategies in school infectious diseases. Methods: Information on public health emergencies was collected from Public Health Emergency Reporting System (the subsystem of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System) reported from 2010 to 2020. Results: A total of 146 public health emergencies and 138 public health emergencies of infectious diseases in schools were reported in Beijing from 2010 to 2020, including 4 291 cases with the rate of 2.32% and affected or exposed 185 179 cases. There were significant difference in mean annual incidence rates( χ 2=782.46, P <0.01). There were 71 events of respiratory infectious diseases and 66 events of intestinal infectious diseases, accounting for 51.45% and 47.83%, respectively. The annual incidence peaks of public health emergencies of infectious diseases were during March-June and October-December. The events mainly occurred in kindergartens and primary schools among each stage of school periods with 51 and 46 incidences respectively, which accounted for 70.29% of the total number of public health emergencies in schools. The leading infectious diseases among all the reported events in kindergartens and primary schools were hand foot mouth disease and varicella. Varicella and other infectious diarrhoeal diseases were at the top lists of infectious disease outbreaks at the secondary and university stages. Conclusion Infectious diseases events were the major type of public health emergencies at schools in Beijing from 2010 to 2020. Respiratory infectious diseases and intestinal infectious diseases were the keys to the prevention and control of public health emergencies related to school. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance for public health emergencies especially for symptom surveillance. The prevention and control measures should be taken according to the characteristics of different age groups. At the same time, the prevention and control of school infectious diseases and the drill of the plan during peak periods need to be particularly strengthened.

Objective To understand the seasonal distribution of the clustering of fever and diarrhea.Methods Concentration degree and circular distribution methods were used to analyze the seasonal distribution of the clustering of fever and diarrhea in Beijing from 2009 to 2015.The information were collected from the Infectious Disease Surveillance Information System of Beijing.Results The M values of the clustering of fever and diarrhea were 0.57 and 0.47.Circular distribution results showed that the clustering of fever and diarrhea angle dispersion index R values were 0.57 and 0.46 respectively,the sample average angle of Rayleigh's test Z values were 414.14,148.09 respectively (all P＜0.01).The clustering of fever and diarrhea had seasonality.The incidence peak of fever was on October 13,and the epidemic period was during August 13-December 14.The incidence peak of diarrhea was on July 31,and the epidemic period was during May 20-October 11.Conclusion The clustering of fever had obvious seasonality in Beijing,which mainly occurred in auttmn and winter.The cluster of diarrhea had certain seasonality,which mainly occurred in summer and autumn.

Objective:To investigate the application value of Laennec approach in laparoscopic anatomical right hemihepatectomy (LARH).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 2 female patients who underwent LARH via Laennec approach in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University from May to July 2020 were collected. The two patients were 51 and 57 years old, respectively. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative situations and follow-up. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was conducted to detect post-operative survival and tumor recurrence of patients up to December 2020. Count data were repre-sented as absolute numbers.Results:(1) Surgical situations: 2 patients successfully underwent LARH via Laennec approach, without conversion to open surgery. The operation time was 180 minutes and 185 minutes, and the volume of intraoperative blood loss was 200 mL and 400 mL, respectively. No blood transfusion or gastrointestinal decompression was performed in either patient. (2) Postoperative situations and follow-up: 2 patients began to take liquid diet on the first day and out-of-bed activities on the postoperative second to third day. There was no postoperative bile fistula or bleeding, but different degrees of peritoneal and pleural effusion occurred to the 2 patients after operation. One case was improved after right-sided thoracentesis and chest tube drainage due to dyspnea, and the other case was cured after conservative therapy. There was no perioperative death. The duration of postoperative hospital stay of 2 patients was 13 days and 11 days, respectively. Results of pathological examination showed 1 case of hepatic hemangioma and 1 case of primary liver cancer, respectively. The Laennec capsule was observed on the hepatic vein branches of segment Ⅴ, Ⅵ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, and the gap existed between the Laennec capsule and the hepatic vein. Two patients were followed up for 7 months and 5 months，respectively. They survived during the follow-up，without tumor recurrence.Conclusion:It is safe and feasible to perform LARH by Laennec approach.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of norovirus infection on diarrhea patients from the enteric clinics in Beijing.

METHODSFrom April 2013 to March 2014, 1 892 fecal specimens and related epidemiological information were collected among diarrhea patients visiting the enteric clinics in Beijing. Norovirus was detected by real time RT-PCR, and data was analyzed under the descriptive epidemiological method.

RESULTSA total of 269 positive cases were found among 1 892 diarrhea patients, with a positive rate as 14.2%. Norovirus caused diarrhea mainly occurred in seasons with lower temperature. Higher positive rates of norovirus were found in northwest mountainous area. Norovirus diarrhea was more commonly seen in children between 6 month and 5 years old, with differences between the two groups statistically significant (P = 0.006). Compared with other occupation, a higher infection rate was identified in children, with differences between the two groups statistically significant (P = 0.025). Nausea and vomiting appeared more common in diarrhea patients with norovirus infection, with differences between the two groups statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNorovirus was an important pathogen which causing diarrhea in patients visiting the enteric clinics in Beijing. The virus was seen more in patients aged between 6 months and 5 years old. Nausea and vomiting were the common symptoms seen in patients with norovirus diarrhea.

Caliciviridae Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Nausea ; virology ; Norovirus ; isolation & purification ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seasons ; Vomiting ; virology

Beijing ; COVID-19 ; Contact Tracing ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2