Objective: To study the effect of water extracting and alcohol extracting process to anthraquinone content in Rhubarb. Methods: Choosing water and different concentration of alcohol as the solvent, the effect of permeating time, the extracting time, the degree of extracting, the amount of solvent and concentration of alcohol to total, conjugated, and deoxidized anthraquinone content were determined by orthogonal test. Results: Using water as the solvent, the degree of extracting is the significant factors to total anthraquinore with ( P

Object To select the optimum extracting procedure for quercetin from bud of Sophora japonica L. Methods The optimum extracting procedure was selected with the content and extraction effeciency of quercetin from bud of S. japonica by orthogonal test design. Results The optimum extracting procedure was determined with 10 times of 0.05% sodium hydroxide decocting 20 min and 4 times, adjusting pH value to 6, hydrolyzing with 10 times of 4% sulfuric acid for 1 h after precipitated. Conclusion The optimum extracting procedure increased the content and extraction efficiency of quercetin from bud of S. japonica.

Objective: To study the effects of four separation and purification methods on total anthraquinone content in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei decoction. Methods: To Compare the purification efficiency of four methods: gelatim precipition, pH adjustment, polyamide adsorption and macropurous resin adsoption, solid content and total anthraquinone in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei decoction were selected as markers. Results: All solid content of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei decoction greatly decreased after purification while the total anthraquinone content was varied from one method to another. The total anthraquinone content retention rate of macroporous adsorption resin Ⅰ and Ⅱ were highest ( 93.21% , 95.63% respectively). Conclusion: Macropurous adsorption resin have a good enriching effect on the separation and purification of total anthraquinone in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei decoction.

Objective To investigate the effect of the treatment for Maisonneuve fracture with arthroscopicassistant plate-screw fixation ofsyndesmosis.Methods From January 2015 to December 2016,totally 22 patients with Maisonneuve fracture were treated in Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Six People's Hospital.Eleven patients in minimal invasive surgery (MIS)group were treated by the arthroscopic-assistant plate-screw fixation ofthe syndesmotic injury.Another 11 patients in the control group were performed a classic syndesmosis screw fixation.Plain radiographic examination was carried out during the follow-up.Functional evaluation was measured according to the American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle hindfoot score and the Visual analogue scale(VAS).A t test was applied for the statistic analysis of post-operative outcome between the two groups at 6th and 12th month.Results The patients were followed for an average 18 months (range from 12 to 24 months)except one of MIS group.The X-ray demonstrated the solid bone union occurred on the 12th week in MIS group and 12.5th week in the control group.The implants of syndesmosis were removed at 12th week post-operatively.No cases of re-diastasis occurred during the follow-up.There was significant difference with in the groups.In the MIS group,the AOFAS ankle hindfoot score was (85.9 ±4.1) points at 6th month post-operatively,and increased to (90.8 ± 3.7) at 12th month (P ＜ 0.05).VAS score was (2.4 ± 1.2) at 6th month and (1.1 ± 0.7) at 12th month after the operation(P ＜0.05).In the control group,the AOFAS ankle hindfoot score was (81.1 ±4.7) points at 6th month after operation,and increased to (89.1 ± 3.4) at 12th month after operation (P ＜ 0.05).VAS score was (3.2 ± 1.3) at the 6th month and (1.0 ± 1.0) at the 12th month after operation (P ＜ 0.05).However,for the outcome comparison between the two groups,only the AOFAS ankle hindfoot score of 6th month post-operatively in MIS group was better than the control group (P ＜ 0.05),other results,had no significant difference.Nocomplications of implant failure,nonunion,malunion or post-traumatic arthritis were occurred during the followup.Conclusion The treatment of Maisonneuve fracture by arthroscopic-assistant plate-screw fixation proved to have an advantage of minimal invasion and accurate reduction and fixation,which is a safe and effective surgical method.