1.Comparative Study on the Content of Microelement Cu, Zn and Mn in Eye Tissue of Rats Treated by Rhi-zoma Corydalis before and after Vinegar Processing
Meng JIANG ; Xiongjie SUN ; Wei FU ; Miaomiao LIU ; Shuiqing LI ; Yanju LIU
China Pharmacist 2015;(2):220-222
Objective:To study the influence of Rhizoma Corydalis before and after vinegar processing on the microelement content in the eye tissues of rats to verify the vinegar processing leading the herb to liver meridian. Methods: The rats were divided into the crude Corydalis group, vinegar processing group and negative group. The content of microelement Cu, Zn and Mn in rat ocular tissues was determined and compared after the administration. Results:Corydalis could significantly increase the content of Cu and Zn in fun-dus blood and that of Zn and Mn in the eyeball vitreous, and Rhizoma Corydalis after vinegar processing showed more obvious effect. Conclusion:Rhizoma Corydalis with vinegar processing can improve the distribution of microelements in eye tissues, and because liver opens at eyes, the results provide evidence for Corydalis after vinegar processing leading to liver meridian.
2.Usefulness of Hyperemic Microvascular Resistance Index as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.
Xiongjie JIN ; Myeong Ho YOON ; Kyoung Woo SEO ; Seung Jea TAHK ; Hong Seok LIM ; Hyoung Mo YANG ; Byoung Joo CHOI ; So Yeon CHOI ; Gyo Seung HWANG ; Joon Han SHIN ; Jin Sun PARK
Korean Circulation Journal 2015;45(3):194-201
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Microvascular function is a useful predictor of left ventricular functional changes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We evaluated the usefulness of the hyperemic microvascular resistance index (hMVRI) for predicting long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with STEMI assessed immediately after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: hMVRI were evaluated in 145 patients with first acute STEMI treated with primary PCI using an intracoronary Doppler wire. hMVRI was defined as the ratio of mean aortic pressure over hyperemic averaged peak velocity of infarct-related artery. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) included cardiac death and re-hospitalization for congestive heart failure. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 85+/-43 months, MACEs occurred in 17.2% of patients. Using a receiver-operating characteristics analysis, hMVRI >2.82 mm Hg.cm-1.sec (sensitivity: 87%; specificity: 69%; and area under curve: 0.818) was the best cut-off values for predicting future cardiac events. The Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that hMVRI was an independent predictor for long-term MACEs (hazard ratio 1.741, 95% confidence interval 1.348-2.264, p<0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a higher incidence of MACEs in patients with hMVRI >2.82 mm Hg.cm-1.sec (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: hMVRI was a strong predictor of long-term MACEs in patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI.
Area Under Curve
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Arterial Pressure
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Arteries
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Death
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Follow-Up Studies
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Heart Failure
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Humans
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Incidence
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Microcirculation
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Myocardial Infarction*
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Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
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Sensitivity and Specificity
3.Tripterygium hypoglaucum extract ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice through the gut microbiota.
Jianghui HU ; Jimin NI ; Junping ZHENG ; Yanlei GUO ; Yong YANG ; Cheng YE ; Xiongjie SUN ; Hui XIA ; Yanju LIU ; Hongtao LIU
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (English Ed.) 2023;21(10):730-744
Traditionally, Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch (THH) are widely used in Chinese folk to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate whether the anti-RA effect of THH is related with the gut microbiota. The main components of prepared THH extract were identified by HPLC-MS. C57BL/6 mice with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) were treated with THH extract by gavage for one month. THH extract significantly alleviated swollen ankle, joint cavity exudation, and articular cartilage destruction in AIA mice. The mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory mediators in muscles and plasma indicated that THH extract attenuated inflammatory responses in the joint by blocking TLR4/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathways. THH extract remarkably restored the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in AIA mice, featuring the increases of Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus and the decreases of Butyricimonas, Parabacteroides, and Anaeroplasma. Furthermore, the altered bacteria were closely correlated with physiological indices and drove metabolic changes of the intestinal microbiota. In addition, antibiotic-induced pseudo germ-free mice were employed to verify the role of the intestinal flora. Strikingly, THH treatment failed to ameliorate the arthritis symptoms and signaling pathways in pseudo germ-free mice, which validates the indispensable role of the intestinal flora. For the first time, we demonstrated that THH extract protects joint inflammation by manipulating the intestinal flora and regulating the TLR4/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, THH extract may serve as a microbial modulator to recover RA in clincial practice.ver RA in clincial practice.
Mice
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Animals
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Gastrointestinal Microbiome
;
Tripterygium
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/genetics*
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Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics*
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy*
4. Pharmacological Activation of RXR-α Promotes Hematoma Absorption via a PPAR-γ-dependent Pathway After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Chaoran XU ; Huaijun CHEN ; Shengjun ZHOU ; Chenjun SUN ; Xiaolong XIA ; Yucong PENG ; Jianfeng ZHUANG ; Xiongjie FU ; Hanhai ZENG ; Hang ZHOU ; Yang CAO ; Qian YU ; Yin LI ; Libin HU ; Guoyang ZHOU ; Feng YAN ; Gao CHEN ; Jianru LI
Neuroscience Bulletin 2021;37(10):1412-1426
Endogenously eliminating the hematoma is a favorable strategy in addressing intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study sought to determine the role of retinoid X receptor-α (RXR-α) in the context of hematoma absorption after ICH. Our results showed that pharmacologically activating RXR-α with bexarotene significantly accelerated hematoma clearance and alleviated neurological dysfunction after ICH. RXR-α was expressed in microglia/macrophages, neurons, and astrocytes. Mechanistically, bexarotene promoted the nuclear translocation of RXR-α and PPAR-γ, as well as reducing neuroinflammation by modulating microglia/macrophage reprograming from the M1 into the M2 phenotype. Furthermore, all the beneficial effects of RXR-α in ICH were reversed by the PPAR-γ inhibitor GW9662. In conclusion, the pharmacological activation of RXR-α confers robust neuroprotection against ICH by accelerating hematoma clearance and repolarizing microglia/macrophages towards the M2 phenotype through PPAR-γ-related mechanisms. Our data support the notion that RXR-α might be a promising therapeutic target for ICH.
5.Pharmacological Activation of RXR-α Promotes Hematoma Absorption via a PPAR-γ-dependent Pathway After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Chaoran XU ; Huaijun CHEN ; Shengjun ZHOU ; Chenjun SUN ; Xiaolong XIA ; Yucong PENG ; Jianfeng ZHUANG ; Xiongjie FU ; Hanhai ZENG ; Hang ZHOU ; Yang CAO ; Qian YU ; Yin LI ; Libin HU ; Guoyang ZHOU ; Feng YAN ; Gao CHEN ; Jianru LI
Neuroscience Bulletin 2021;37(10):1412-1426
Endogenously eliminating the hematoma is a favorable strategy in addressing intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study sought to determine the role of retinoid X receptor-α (RXR-α) in the context of hematoma absorption after ICH. Our results showed that pharmacologically activating RXR-α with bexarotene significantly accelerated hematoma clearance and alleviated neurological dysfunction after ICH. RXR-α was expressed in microglia/macrophages, neurons, and astrocytes. Mechanistically, bexarotene promoted the nuclear translocation of RXR-α and PPAR-γ, as well as reducing neuroinflammation by modulating microglia/macrophage reprograming from the M1 into the M2 phenotype. Furthermore, all the beneficial effects of RXR-α in ICH were reversed by the PPAR-γ inhibitor GW9662. In conclusion, the pharmacological activation of RXR-α confers robust neuroprotection against ICH by accelerating hematoma clearance and repolarizing microglia/macrophages towards the M2 phenotype through PPAR-γ-related mechanisms. Our data support the notion that RXR-α might be a promising therapeutic target for ICH.
Anilides/pharmacology*
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Cerebral Hemorrhage/drug therapy*
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Hematoma/drug therapy*
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Humans
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Macrophages
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Microglia
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Neuroprotection
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PPAR gamma
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Retinoid X Receptor alpha