Objective To explore effect of increasing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leptin level by administration from the foramen magnum to the cerebellum medulla oblongata pool in osteoporosis in rabbit model established by ovariectomy (OVX) and methylprednisolones.Methods According to certain inclusion and exclusion criteria,30 adult rabbits which were healthy 5-month-old female New Zealand white rabbits with the same batch and weight were divided into 5 groups (n=6) with random number table,including control group,normal saline group,Low dose group,middle dose group and high dose group.The animal model of osteoporosis (OP) was established 8 weeks after ovariectomy (bilateral ovarian resection) and intramuscular injection of methylprednisolone daily for 8 consecutive weeks in all groups.The control group were only simulated puncture and didn't inject any drugs or normal saline,the normal saline group were intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection with NS and Low,Middle and High dose group injected with low,middle and high dose of leptin respectively at 0,3,7 days after OVX.Before (0 week) and 4,8 weeks after the operation,the measure of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was done on all the rabbits femur and bone mineral density (BMD) was delivered.Before (0 week) and 4,8 weeks after the first administration,leptin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum growth hormone (GH),insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and osteocalcin (OT/BGP) were tested with Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and serum calcium,phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with automatic biochemical analyzer (ACA).The rabbits were sacrificed and the thalamus and femoral neck were harvested to test the expression of leptin receptor (LEPR) in thalamus and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) at 8 weeks after the first administration.Results Compared with the control group and NS group,the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leptin concentration of leptin administration groups kept in a higher level significantly at 4 and 8 weeks after leptin administration,it was positively correlated with the concentration of administration.After administration 4 and 8 weeks,the bone mineral density (BMD) of leptin administration groups were not significantly lower than that of non-administration groups,and the high dose group was unchanged.The serum osteocalcin/bone glad protein (OT/BGP) concentration of leptin administration groups decreased more significantly compared with the non-administration groups at 4 weeks after leptin administration;and it rebounded more significantly than the non-administration groups and low dose group rebounded more significantly than other non-administration groups at 8 weeks.The concentration of serum growth hormone (GH) of 5 groups showed a downward trend at 4 and 8 weeks,the serum GH concentration of leptin administration groups decreased more significantly than the non-administration groups.The concentration of serum insulin-like growth IGF-1 of 5 groups were decreased significantly at 4 weeks,and the serum IGF-1 concentration of control and low dose groups were significantly higher than other 3 groups at 8weeks.Compared with the non-administration groups,the concentration of serum Calcium of leptin administration groups were increased more obvious,and it was positively correlated with the concentration of administration.Serum phosphorus of 5 groups were decreased at 4 weeks and elevated at 8 weeks;there was no difference among the groups.Serum ALP showed a continuous downward trend,and the middle dose group decreased significantly compared with other groups at 4 and 8 weeks.RTPCR results showed that the BMP-2 and Col Ⅰ mRNA expression increased and positively correlated with leptin administration concentration at 8weeks.Conclusion The increase of cerebrospinal fluid leptin level can promote the bone metabolism,reduce bone loss and precaution the occurrence of osteoporosis in rabbit model caused by OVX and methylprednisolone,and it was positively correlated with the concentration of administration.That provides a new method for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in rabbit model.

Carcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; Humans ; Male ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; metabolism

The cephalic dystocia education is an important part of obstetric education. According to current educational environment, the teaching method of multimedia combined with problem-based learning is conducive to resolving the dilemma of dystocia education. Dystocia education is designed to follow the cases as the main line and the problem as a guide, with the full integration of theory and practice. This teaching model has been recognized by the majority of foreign students, and it is worth recommending.

Objective To sum up the techniques of radiofrequency ablation assisted laparoscopic liver resection .Methods A ret-rospective analysis was done based on the clinical data of 16 patients undergone radiofrequency ablation assisted laparoscopic liver resection from July 1 ,2011 to July 30 ,2012 .Results Sixteen patients were all received successful total laparoscopic liver resection . Anatomical liver resection was carried out on 5 patients including 2 left hemihepatectomy ,2 left lateral segmentectomy ,1 right pos-terior lobectomy ,and 11 patients underwent nonanatomical hepatectomy .None was transected under regional hepatic blood inflow occlusion .The mean operation time was 125 minutes(range 35-335 minutes) ,mean blood loss 310 mL(range 20~1 100 mL) ,and mean hospital stay 9 days(range 5 to 16 days) .No operation death and postoperative complications occurred .The patients were fol-lowed up for 2 to 12 months ,1 recurrence was found in patients with Ⅶ segment hepatocellular carcinoma 60 day after operation . Conclusion The application of radiofrequency ablation assisted laparoscopic liver resection can effectively control the resection mar-gin hepatic blood inflow to ensure the success of operation and reduction of complications .

Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Stents ; Stomach ; surgery ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; surgery

This study was undertaken to investigate the correlation of the enhancement degree on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with the histopathology of carotid plaques and the serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA).Carotid CEUS was performed preoperatively in 115 patients who would undergo CEA,and the enhancement degree of the carotid plaques was evaluated by both the visual semiquantitative analysis and the quantitative time-intensity curve analysis.Serum hs-CRP levels were detected using the particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay also before the operation.Additionally,the carotid plaque samples were subjected to histopathological examination postoperatively.The density of neovessels and the number of macrophages in the plaques were assessed by immunohistochemistry.The results showed that among the 115 patients,grade 0 plaque contrast enhancement was noted in 35 patients,grade 1 in 48 patients and grade 2 in 32 patients.The degree of plaque enhancement,the density ofneovessels,the number of macrophages,and the hs-CRP levels were highest in the grade 2 patients.Correlation analysis showed that the enhancement degree of the carotid plaques was closely related to the immunohistochemical parameters of the plaques and the serum hs-CRP levels.It was suggested that the carotid plaque enhancement on CEUS can be used to evaluate the vulnerability of carotid plaques.

Objective To establish a method performance verification project and experimental method for the clinical chemiluminescence immunoassay.Methods Referring to CLSI evaluation protocols and pertinent literature,and by combining our actual works,we designed a verification procedure and experimental method.By Using these above,the precision,accuracy,analytical sensitivity,analytical measurement range,clinical reportable range and biotic interval of AFP on the Bayer Centaur 240 chemiluminescence immunoassay system were verificated.Results would be compared with the declaration of the manufacturer or desirable specifications derived from biologic variation.Results The results showed that the between-day inaccuracy on AFP levels at 77.4 ng/ml and 168.0 ng/ml was 5.70% and 4.84% respectively,these were consistent with manufacturer's inaccuracy claimed.The relative bias between the results measured for calibrator at four levels and target value was less 5.0%,and the relative bias between the results measured for EQA control sample at five levels and target value was-3.4% to 11.9%.Lower limit of detection was 1.04 ng/ml,lower slightly manufacturer's analytical sensitivity claimed.Biologic limit of detection was 2.65 ng/ml-3.53 ng/ml,functional sensitivity was 3.53 ng/ml.Analytical measurement range was 3.53-912.00 ng/ml,within manufacturer's liner range claimed.Clinical reportable range was 3.53-182 400.00 ng/ml.Reference interval was 0.6-7.7 ng/ml,within manufacturer' s claimed.Conclusions The main performances of the detection system are accorded with the declaration of the manufacturer.The performance verification procedure and experimental method of our research ars simple and practical,which has important significations for building medical laboratory and laboratory accreditation, improving quality of the chemiluminescence immunoassay.

OBJECTIVEIn order to fully understand hepatitis c virus (HCV) genotype 3b, 1a, 2b and 6a infection in China, We built HCV 5'-noncoding region (5'-NCR) of different genotypes and subtypes.

METHODSThe classification HCV into variable genotypes (subtypes) was carried on by programs A, B and C A. Using a combination of three restriction endonuclease BHH' (BsrB I, Hae II, Hinf I) digestions at the same time. The distinct genotypes were classified into 5 groups: genotype 1 (1a, 1b), 6a, 2 (2a, 2b), genotype 3 (3a, 3b), genotype4 (4a). B. With regard to genotype 1, we could distinguish subtype 1a from 1b using BstU I digestion. C. Using restriction endonuclease Hae III, genotype 2a, 2b, 3b, 4a, 6a are differentiated respectively.

RESULTS(1) HCV genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 6a are fully discriminated by comparison with the genotypes regular samples. (2) Of the 93 patients, HCV genotype distribution in China was 66.67% for 1b, 18.28% for 2a, 3.23% for 1b/2b, 3b, 2b respectively. 2.15% for 2a/2b, 1b/2a respectively. 1.08% for 1a.

CONCLUSIONThis research indicated that adoption of HCV 5'-NCR A B C restriction endonuclease digestions techniques, might be sensitive and efficient to detect HCV and discriminate HCV genotype (subtypes) 1a to 6a.

5' Untranslated Regions ; chemistry ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; classification ; genetics ; RNA, Viral ; analysis

A UPLC-MS/MS method based on metabonomic skills was developed to study the serum metabolic changes of rats after acute liver injury induced by CCl4 and to evaluate the action mechanism of Si-Ni-San. The integrated data were exported for principal components analysis (PCA) by using SIMCA-P software, in order to find the potential biomarkers. It showed that clear separation of healthy control group, model group, silymarin group, Si-Ni-San group was achieved by using the PCA method. Nine significantly changed metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers of acute liver injury. Compared with the health control group, the model group rats showed higher levels of phenylalanine, tryptophan and GCDCA together with lower levels of LPC 16 : 0, LPC 18 : 0, LPC 18 : 1, LPC 16 : 1, LPC 20 : 4 and LPC 22 : 6. These changes of serum metabolites suggested that the disorders of amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis and anti-oxidative damage were related to acute liver injury induced by CCl4. Si-Ni-San might have the anti-liver injury effect on all these four metabolic pathways.
Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; blood ; etiology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Glycodeoxycholic Acid ; blood ; Lysophosphatidylcholines ; blood ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Phenylalanine ; blood ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Principal Component Analysis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Tryptophan ; blood

OBJECTIVETo analyze the genotype-phenotype correlations in the Hb Constant Spring (HbCS) carriers, and to investigate the effect of HbCS on hematologic parameters.

METHODSComplete blood cell count and hemoglobin electrophoresis analyses were performed in 125 HbCS cases. The α-and β-thalassemia mutations were determined by reverse dot-blotting and Gap-PCR.

RESULTSThe presence of the SEA deletion or Hb Quong Sze (HbQS) with HbCS leads to HbH-CS disease. There was significant difference between HbH-CS and αCSα/-α, HbH-CS and αCSα/αα in the hematological parameters. The genotype of αCSα/-α or αα/αCSα had slight effect on hematological parameters. When the Hb Constant Spring mutation co-existed with heterozygous β-thalassemia, the hematological characteristics of β-thalassemia was presented. Only 57.6% of carriers with HbCS were detected by hemoglobin electrophoresis.

CONCLUSIONThe cases with co-existence of HbCS trait and other α-thalassemia trait, or β-thalassemia trait, showed variation in their red blood cell parameters. For such compound heterozygotes for HbCS and other α- or β-thalassaemia mutations, which were usually misdiagnosed in clinical screening by hemoglobin electrophoresis, accurate diagnose can be made by molecular diagnosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genotype ; Hemoglobins ; genetics ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Young Adult ; alpha-Thalassemia ; genetics ; beta-Thalassemia ; genetics