Objective To acknowledge the present status of clinical use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) in China. Methods Five hundred and seventy-five valid questionnaires were collected from 50 hospitals in different areas of China including Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang and Guangzhou. Results 54.7% of doctors used cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitors. The ratio of the doctors prescribing loxoprofen, diclofenac, meloxicam were 22.6%, 23.3%, 14.60%, respectively. The ratio of the doctors who prescribe uncoated routine-dose aspirin, uncoated low-dose aspirin, enteric-coated routine-dose aspirin, enteric-coated low-dose aspirin and others were 17.0%, 14.7%, 36.8%, 28.5% and 3.0%, respectively. The ratio of doctors who only "some-times" prescribed co-medicine to prevent gastrointestinal damages when they prescribed aspirin, conventional NSAID and COX-2 selective inhibitors were 41.10%, 40.70% and 45.1%, respectively, while the most commomly used co-medicine were H2 receptor antagonist (H2 RA) and proton pump inhibitor respectively. 37.1% of doctors examined H. pylori infection status, and 76.3% of doctors would eradicate H. pylori if positive. Conclusions The most commonly used conventional NSAID is diclofe-nac. The most commonly used formulation of aspirin is enteric-coated aspirin. Most doctors only "sometimes" prescribe co-medicine together with aspirin, conventional NSAID and COX-2 selective inhibitors to prevent gastrointestinal damages, and the most commonly used co-medicine is acid inhibitor. Only a few doctors examine H. pylori infection prior to the administration of NSAID.

Objective To investigate the effects of rehabilitation training on the microenvironment for axon regeneration and the possible mechanisms promoting axon regeneration,reconstruction and functional compensation after spinal cord injury (SCI) in beagle dogs.Methods Fifteen beagles were divided into a sham operated group,an SCI model group and a rehabilitation training group.Spinal cord hemi-transection injury was carried out.From the 8th day after SCI,the rehabilitation training group was given treadmill training.All dogs were sacrificed 60 days postinjury and samples were harvested.Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG) expression of astroglial cells around the injured area was observed using an immunofluorescence technique.The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and CSPG protein in each group were semi-quantified by Western blot analysis.Axon regeneration was observed by silver staining.Motor function was assessed using modified Tarlov scores.Results In the rehabilitation training group,compared with the model group astroglial production of CSPG was reduced remarkably.Both CSPG expression and axon regeneration were enhanced and functional deficits improved.Conclusions Rehabilitation training can inhibit astroglial production of CSPG,improve the microenvironment for injured axon regeneration,and promote reconstruction and functional compensation after traumatic SCI.

Objective To develop a PCR-SSP method for detection of HLA-DRB1 alleles in the patients who were hypersensitive to Platanus Acerifolia pollen allergen,and to probe into the association between the atopic subjects to Platanus Acerifolia pollen allergen and HLA-DRB1 alleles.Methods DNA in whole blood was extracted by phenol-chloroform method.Eight pairs of specific primers for alleles were synthesized,and HLA-DRB1*0401,*0402,*0403,*0404,*0405,*0406,*0407,*0408 alleles in 20 atopic patients and 36 healthy individuals of Jiangsu Province with Han nationality were detected by PCR-SSP(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer).Results By optimizing the experimental conditions PCR-SSP methods for detection of the 8 alleles were established and the distributing data of above-mentioned HLA DRB1 were obtained.The frequency of HLA DRB1*0405 and *0406 in the patients group was higher than that of in healthy controls group,while the frequency of HLA DRB1*0402 in the patients group was lower than that in controls.No significant deference for the other 5 alleles was found between the 2 groups.Conclusion HLA-DRB1*0406和*0405 seems to be the likely suspected candidate alleles responsible for susceptibility to Platanus Acerifolia pollen allergen in the atopic patients,while DRB1*0402 might be contribute to the related resistance to the allergen.

benign,of which,there were significan differences in PV and PE value between any two of the three lesions. There were significant differences in BV value only between benign and inflammatory pulmonary lesions(P0. 05). Conclusion CT perfusion imaging is of important value in differentiating inflammatory,malignant and benign masses of the lung and estimating the degree of malignancy of lung cancer.

0.05).The activity of Na~+-K~+ ATPase in SMO group was significantly higher than that in HTK group at 72 h(P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the possible contribution of OprD expression and metallo-?-lactamases(MBLs) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical stains resistant to imipenem.METHODS Clinical strains resistant to imipenem were screened for MBLs production by a disk diffusion synergy test and subjected to PCR assays with primers specific for MBLs.Sequence analysis was provided to identify the prevalence of MBLs gene.Biochemical properties of MBLs were determined by ?-lactamase assays with crude preparations of ?-lactamases.Expression of OprD2 was determined by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.RESULTS Among 128 imipenem resistant strains,7(5.4%) and 10(7.8%) isolates were positive for VIM-2 and IMP-1 genes,respectively.Crud extraction of ?-lactamases showed imipenem-hydrolyzing activity and could be inhibited by treatment with EDTA.In these imipenem-resistant clinical isolates,OprD2 protein was low-expressed in 10 isolates(7.8%) and normally expressed in 12 isolates(9.3%) but not expressed in 106 isolates(83.3%).However,17 isolates(13.3%) of MBLs producing strains were all lack of OprD2 expression.CONCLUSIONS Reduced or lack of OprD2 expression is the essential mechanisms for most imipenem-resistant clinical isolates of P.aeruginosa.blaVIM-2 And blaIMP-1 are prevalent in P.aeruginosa clinical resistant strains and may lead to nosocomial infection.

Objective To investigate the psychological condition of the rural residents with HIV/AIDS.Methods Totally 192 subjects with HIV/AIDS residing in countryside of Henan Province(China)were investigated with questionaire and Symptom Check list 90(SCL-90).Results SCL-90 total score,the number of positive items and the score of each factor for the 192 subjects with HIV/AIDS were higher than those of Chinese normal(P

Objective:To study dynamic changes of fragile histidine triad(FHIT) gene expression in ionizing radiation injury and radiation carcinogenesis. Methods: BEAS-2B cells were divided into 0.5,1,2,4,8,16 Gy irradiation groups and control group. In 24 h, 72 h and 10 d after irradiation, the expression of FHIT gene was studied with single-cell RT-PCR and DNA sequencing separately. Results: Different types of FHIT gene mutations occured in different phases after irradiation with different doses (All mutations were exon deletion mutations by DNA sequencing), while abnormal FHIT gene was not detected in control group. The percentage of mutation in 0.5,1,2,4,8,16 Gy dose groups was 52.6%,66.7%,57.9%,76.5%,64.7% and 81.3% respectively 24 h after irradiation;17.6%,22.2%,50.0%,47.4%,47.1% and 68.4% respectively 72 h after irradiation;and 21.1%,25.0%,60.0%,57.9%,61.1% and 68.4% respectively 10 d after irradiation. Conclusion: These results suggest that ionizing radiation can cause deletion of FHIT gene.

Adult ; B-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

Clinical trials are often designed as either pragmatic or explanatory. The pragmatic clinical trials are generally used for measuring the effectiveness of a treatment in common clinical practice, while the explanatory trial for measuring the efficacy of a treatment under ideal conditions. Since the methods concerning pragmatic clinical trials are less introduced in China, its archetypal features, advantages and limitations were introduced in this paper. And a current study of pragmatic clinical trials on using acpuncture for treatment of low back pain carried out in German was taken as an example to illustrate the practical methods concretely. The key steps of the design were presented in detail, and reasonable suggestions about the problems often encountered in the trial, as well as how to balance the internal and external validity, outcome measurement, etc., were offered.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; methods ; standards ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Decision Making, Organizational ; Humans