This article was aimed to study the correlation between iron content inCornus officinalis leaves and its yield as well as quality. The method of microwave digestion atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the content of iron element inCornus officinalis leaves. HPLC was used to determine the content of loganin and ursolic acid in fruits. Correlation analysis was made among the content of iron element, yield of fruits, loganin and ursolic acid in fruits. The results showed that iron element in leaves of different yield level cornus officinalis was different. It also had some correlation with yield and quality of fruits. It was concluded that the research can improve relations of source-sink inCornus ofifcinalis, adjust source-sink balance, guide farmers to master the period of spraying iron fertilizer, and increase production and quality ofCornus ofifcinalis.

Objective To investigate surgical technique and clinical efficacy of Sky bone ex- pander kyphoplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures.Methods Eighteen cases with osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures were treated with Sky bone expander kyphoplasty from August 2004 to November 2005.Under the local anesthesia,3.5-5ml of bone cements were injected into each pathologic vertebral body through unipedicle approach after reduction procedure was done with Sky bone expander.Results The postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 to 11 months, with an average of 4.5 months.Back pain was effectively relieved after the operation in all cases.No complications occurred.Conclusion The Sky bone expander kyphoplasty has the advantages of safe- ty,easy operation,minimal invasion,effective restoration of the vertebral body height and fast relief of pain.

Objective To detect the effect of E6AP on gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration.Methods The expression of E6AP in different gastric cancer cell lines and normal gastric mucosa epithelial cell lines was detected by Western blotting.Gastric cancer cells BGC-823 stably expressing E6AP short hairpan RNA(shRNA) were obtained by lentiviral vector of E6AP.The effect of E6AP on BGC-823 cell growth and migration was determined by CCK-8 kit, Tran-swell and wound healing assay.Results Gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 in which E6AP was stably knocked down was established.Knockdown of E6AP inhibited the proliferation and migration of BGC-823 cells.Conclusion E6AP plays a key role in gastric cancer proliferation and migration.

Objective To investigate the mRNA expression level of neurogranin on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods Top 20 tags of SLE PBMCs SAGE library were searched from normal lymphocytes SAGE library including navie-T,Th1,Th2, CD8+T, NK and B cells,and their abundance was compared.The mRNA expression level of neuro-granin,a differential over-expressed tag,was detected in 35 cases of SLE and 15 normal controls by reversetranscription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results Neurogranin tag could only be detected in SLE PBMCs SAGE library,but was hardly found in normal lymphocyte SAGE library.However,either SLE pa-tients or normal controls showed a detectable mRNA level of neurogranin on PBMCs by RT-PCR.The mRNA level of neurogranin in active SLE patients was significantly increased than those in controls(P＜0.001).but only slightly increased in inactive SLE patients (P＞0.05).Conclusion Neurogranin,as a novel proapototic factor,is overexpressed on PBMCs of SLE patients.It may be involved in the regulation of abnormal immune responses in lupus.

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of different intracranial stents assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms and to discuss the selection of different stent assisted embolization of intracranial aneurysm.Methods From 2007 April to 2012 April,118 cases (a total of 128 wide-neck aneurysms) with intracranial aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively.This included the use of 70 neuroform,38 Enterprise,and 20 Solitaire AB stents forthe treatment of intracranial aneurysms.The successful use,aneurysm occlusion at the immediate post-operation,and early period of peri-operative complications were recorded from those clinical data in order to assess the effectiveness and safety of the different intracranial stents,which assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms.Rank sum test and x2 test were used for statistics.Results Three aneurysms assisted with Neuroform stent were planted unsuccessfully,and the Enterprise and Solitaire stents were placed successfully.The embolism results of three stents after immediate postoperative angiography aneurysm: Neuroform stent occlusion rate was 40.0％ (28/ 70),the tumor residual rate was 38.6 ％ (27/70),and the partial embolization rate was 21.4 ％ (15/70) ; The Enterprise stent occlusion rate was 42.1％ (16/38),the tumor residual rate was 36.8 ％ (14/38),and the partial embolization rate was 21.1％ (8/38).The Solitaire AB stent occlusion rate was 40.0 ％ (8/20),the tumor residual rate was 35.0 ％ (7/20),and the partial embolization rate was 25.0 ％ (5/20).There were not significant differences in aneurismal occlusion (H =0.12,P ＞ 0.05).Early peri-operative complications results were: Neuroform stent occurred in 7,Enterprise frame in 4,and Solitaire AB stent occurred in 2.There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications in the early period after coiling (x2 =0,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Three kinds of intracranial stents assisted embolization of intracranial aneurysms are applied safely and effectively.The stent may be chosen according to morphology of parent artery and stent biological character.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic trends of activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 and protein expressions of their inhibitors-tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1/2 during the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in rats so as to get insight of the roles played by MMP-2/9 in lung injury and fibrogenesis. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=18) and bleomycin (BLM)-treated group (n=30). The pulmonary fibrosis was induced by intratracheal injection of BLM once. At the consecutive time of 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after intoxication, the lung-to-body weight ratio was calculated and the inflammation and collagen deposition in lung tissue were checked by HE and Masson stainings respectively. Meanwhile, the content of hypdroxyproline (Hyp) in lung tissue was assayed with Jamall's method, the protein expressions of MMP-2/9, TIMP-1/2 were examined by Western blotting, and the activities of MMP-2/9 were detected by gelatin zymography. RESULTS: The histopathological changes in lung tissue in the BLM-treated group from 1 day to 2 weeks after intoxication presented local lesions, broadened alveolar wall and septum, infiltration with lots of inflammatory cells and few of fibroblasts inside alveolar space and septum. At this early stage in the BLM-treated group, the lung-to-body weight ratio was increased significantly, the protein expressions and activities of MMP-2/9 were obviously increased especially for activity of active MMP-2, and the protein expressions of TIMP-1/2 were also increased gradually, as compared with those in the normal control group. From 3 to 4 weeks after intoxication in the BLM-treated group, the alveolar structure was damaged, parts of the alveolar space collapsed and replaced by collagens and fibroblasts, and the alveolar wall and septum obviously widened with remarkable fibrotic characteristics, as compared with those in the normal control group. Meanwhile, the lung-to-body weight ratio and the activities of MMP-2/9 were decreased in the BLM-treated group as compared with those in the same group at 2 weeks after intoxication, but the content of Hyp and the protein expressions of TIMP-1/2 were both increased dramatically, especially at 4 weeks after intoxication. CONCLUSIONS: During the lung fibrogenesis induced by BLM in rats, the alveolar inflammation is the most important alteration with enhanced MMP-2/9 activities in the early stage. While in the late stage, the main change is displayed as pulmonary fibrosis, characterized by increased TIMP-1/2 and declined MMP-2/9 activities.

Liver transplantation is the main treatment for end-stage liver diseases and liver tumor.To solve the problem of the insufficient donor liver,autologous liver transplantation (ALT) is becoming widely acknowledged,which could serve as a complementary technique for treating unresectable liver space-occupying lesions in routine operation.However,compared with allogeneic liver transplantation,the long anhepatic phase during ALT may influence the outcome of such patients.Veno-venous bypass (VVB) as a technology which can maintain the stability of hemodynamics and internal environment in the anhepatic phase is routinely used in ALT.In this paper,the application of VVB in the ALT was mainly discussed.

Objective To examine the metabolic variations in liver after 30 min warm ischemic injury,and the effect of hypothermic machine perfusion on the metabolism in rats.Methods 40 SD male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:Group A,the liver underwent warm ischemia for 0 min and cold storage (CS) for5 h; Group B,the liver was treated by warm ischemia for0 min,CS for4 h and then machine perfusion (MP) for 1 h; Group C,the liver suffered from warm ischemia for 30 min and CS for 5 h; and Group D,the liver was treated by warm ischemia for 30 min plus CS for 4 h plus MP for 1 h.During the MP process,the perfusion resistance index was recorded every 10 min,and the liver glycogen content and malondialdehyde (MDA) value were also detected.Results The hepatic glycogen content decreased after MP treatment,but there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).No differences on MDA contents was found between Group A and B (P ＞ 0.05),while MDA in Group D was significantly higher than that in Group C (P ＜ 0.05).After hypothermic MP treatment,the liver resistance index value was significantly reduced.Conclusion MP could reduce the resistance index but increase metabolic rate in liver undergoing warm ischemic injury,thus producing more lipid peroxides.

Objective To explore the effect of moderate hypothermia (MH) in liver ischemiareperfusion (IR) injury.Methods Male BALB/c mice (8 weeks old,n =15) were randomly divided into three groups:IR group:five mice subjected to 70％ hepatic IR (hepatic vascular triad above the bifurcation occlusion for 35 min before 24 h reperfusion) in normal temperature condition (37 ±0.5 ℃);MH + IR group:five mice were treated with MH (32 ±0.5 ℃) for 2 h before 70％ hepatic IR was performed;sham group:the other five mice were subjected to laparotomy and liver manipulations without vascular occlusion.AST and ALT in plasma were detected in all mice,and the morphological changes,cell apoptosis and the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) expression after MH in liver tissues were detected.Results Compared with IR group,the ALT and AST levels in MH + IR group were significantly decreased.In IR group,the liver morphology deteriorated with more severe hydropic degeneration and more cell apoptosis.In MH + IR group,the expression of CIRP began to increase after MH preconditioning.Conclusion MH preconditioning could protect against the liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the role of cervical spine finite element model in predicting the risk of cervical ligament injury during Sanda combat (Chinese boxing),and compare the differences in mechanical responses of cervical ligaments after hit by Baiquan (hook boxing) or by Straight punches (cross boxing).Methods After 3D reconstruction of head-neck osseous structure by using Mimics software based on CT images,an accurate headneck finite element model was developed with HyperMesh software.The moment-ROM (range of motion) of the model and the head acceleration after punching were validated.Then differences in ligament stress and distribution were compared between Baiquan and Straight punches under different punching forces (2.60,3.30,4.35kN).Results The established head-neck model was validated to have good biofidelity,and the predicted values of head linear acceleration and rotational acceleration after punching were in agreement with those reported in the literatures.As the punching force increased from 2.6 kN to 4.35 kN,the maximum stress in cervical ligament was 207,265,263 N for Baiquan,and 96.8,91.4 and 101.4 N for Straight punch,which was located at atlantoaxial ligaments.Under the same force level,Baiquan generated greater force than that by Straight punch for cervical ligament.Conclusions Compared with Straight punch,cervical ligament injuries are more likely to occur by Baiquan during Sanda combat,and the established finite element neck-head model can be used to study biomechanical mechanism of Sanda-induced injuries,and provide more accurate references for Sanda training and injury prevention.