Objective To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) preconditioning on learning and memory damage induced by high positive acceleration( + Gz) exposure in rats.Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups with 8 in each group: control group( Con), + Gz group,HBO group and HBO-+ Gz group.Rats of Con group were given 5d( 1 ATA ,21% O2, 1h/d); Rats of + Gz group was exposed to + 10Gz for 5 min; HBO group were only given 5d (2.5 ATA, 100% O2,1 h/d); HBO-+ Gz group were given HBO 5 consecutive days,and then suffered +Gz exposure.Morris water maze was used to observe the navigation and probe capabilities of rats.Results In the spatial acquisition test,there exist significant difference among these groups(F(3.28) = 5.325, P＜ 0.01 ).Compared with the control group, the escape latency increased significantly in the + Gz group and HBO-+ Gz group (P＜0.05) while had no difference in HBO group.HBO-+ Gz group had significantly shorter escape latency than + Gz group (P＜0.05).In the probe test,compared with the control group, + Gz group and HBO-+ Gz group had a longer percentage in the target quadrant( (43.71 ± 3.29 ) %vs (28.65 ±1.00)%, P＜0.05;(43.71 ±3.29)% vs (37.17 ±0.98)%, P＜0.05)),and HBO-+Gz group was better than + Gz group.Conclusion HBO preconditioning may have a protective effect on the impairment of learning and memory caused by + Gz exposure in rats.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of interventional combination embolization of spleen and kidney in treating traumatic splenic and renal hemorrhage. Methods Since Jan. 2010 to early 2014, a total of 24 patients with traumatic splenic and renal hemorrhage were admitted to authors’ hospital. After angiography, super-selective embolization with Gelfoam particles was employed to occlude the bleeding arteries. The results were analyzed. Results Technical success with single procedure was achieved in all the 24 patients. All 24 patients survived the trauma. The complication was mild. Follow-up examination showed that the embolization results were perfect. Conclusion For the treatment of traumatic splenic and renal hemorrhage, interventional combination embolization of spleen and kidney is safe and effective with reliable clinical results, and this technique can reduce visceral function damage to the greatest possible advantage.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of L-carnitine combined with trimetazidine in the treatment of chronic heart failure.Methods The clinical data of 700 patients with chronic heart failure were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into four groups:A,B,C,D.181 cases of A group used L-camitine combined with trimetazidine treatment on the basis of routine treatment.177 cases of B group received L-carnitine treatment on the basis of routine treatment.175 cases of C group received trimetazidine treatment on the basis of routine treatment.167 cases of D group received conventional treatment.Then,the clinical efficacy of the four groups was compared.Results The total effective rates of A,B,C,D groups were 83.43％,76.84％,73.71％,62.28％,respectively.The total effective rate of A group was obviously higher than the other groups,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =22.40,P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in total effective rate between B group and C group (x2 =0.46,P ＞ 0.05),but both B and C groups were obviously better than group D (x2=4.37,5.13,all P ＜ 0.05).The data before and after treatment in four groups were significantly improved,such as 6MWT,NT-proBNP,LVEF and FS(A group:t =33.856,37.474,17.722,31.250,B group:t =27.328,31.559,6.863,25.581,C group:t =23.430,32.640,9.524,16.923,D group:t =15.863,9.602,3.061,10.169,all P ＜ 0.01).In the above four indicators,those in A group were obviously better than B group,C group and D group (F =5.884,38.621,4.357,13.770,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion L-carnitine combined with trimetazidine can improve the abnormal metabolism of myocardium,optimize the energy metabolism pathway of myocardium,improve the short-term cardiac function of patients markedly.L-carnitine combined with trimetazidine is worthy of promoting joint use.

Objective To investigate the role of N-myc downstream regulated genes 2 (NDRG2) in attenuation of focal cerebral ischemic-reperfusin injury by sevoflurane preconditioning in rats.Methods Forty-eight healthy male SD rats weighing 280-320 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =16 each):sham operation group (group S),ischemia-reperfusion injury group (group I/R) and sevoflurane preconditioning group (group Sev).Focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)for 120 min followed by 24 h reperfusion.In group Sev,2.0％ sevoflurane was inhaled 1 h once a day for 5 consecutive days at 24 h before MCAO.The neurologic function was evaluated at 24 h of reperfusion and than the rats were sacrificed,and the brain was removed for determination of infarct volume percentage,NDRG2 and activated Caspase-3 expression in ischemic penumbra by Western Blot and NDRG2 expression and location by immunohistochemistry.Results The infarct volume percentage,NDRG2 and activated Caspase-3 expression were higher,and neurologic function score was lower in groups I/R and Sev then in group S( P ＜ 0.05).The infarct volume percentage,NDRG2 and activated Caspase-3 expression were lower,and neurologic function score was higher in group Sev then in group I/R ( P ＜ 0.05).The intranuclear NDRG2 positive staining was decreased in group Sev than in group I/R.Conclusion Sevoflurane preconditioning can reduce focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression and activity of NDRG2 and apoptosis in rats.

Objective To study the changes of proportion of peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs) in patients with different degrees of cerebrovascular stenosis and after stenting,and explore the relation between DCs level and cercbrovascular stenosis. Methods Sixty-three patients,admitted to our hospital from November 2009 to February 2010 and from August 2010 to December 2010,were divided into control group (CG,n=9),mild/moderate stenosis group (MsG,n=17),severe stenosis group (SsG,n=30) and stent implanted group (SiG,n=7) according the results of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and their clinical situation.Flow cytometry 4-color analysis was employed to detect the proportion of DCs subtypes in the peripheral blood. Results The percentage of peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) was significantly different in the above groups (P=0.000):that between CG and SsG,and that between MsG and SsG were significantly different (P＜0.05).Whereas, no obvious difference was founded in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) between each 2 groups (P=0.065).Conclusion The percentage of mDCs suggests the alterations of different degrees of cerebrovascular stenosis:the severer the stenosis,the lower the percentage of mDCs; stent implantation will not affect the distribution of DCs subtypes

MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the gene expression at the post-transcription levels. They have been implicated in various important cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and lipid metabolism etc. Cartilage injury and degeneration can cause various joint diseases, and the current clinical treatments are unsatisfactory. Current researches have found that miRNA play important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocyte and their synthesis and catabolism. With novel targets of MicroRNA have been found, their important roles have been further confirmed. The present review summarizes the current evidences of the synthesis and function of the miRNA, and their regulatory roles in the cartilage damage and degeneration. In summary, MicroRNA play important roles in disease pathogenesis resulted by cartilage injury and degeneration,and may have important diagnostic and therapeutic potential, further more, and might provide a novel means of treating degenerative diseases.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cartilage Diseases ; etiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Chondrocytes ; cytology ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognostic factors of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST).

METHODSClinicopathological data of 217 GIST patients from January 2005 to September 2010 in Wuhan Union Hospital were analyzed retrospectively and the prognostic factors were evaluated.

RESULTSThere were 103 males and 114 females with a median age of 55 years old. Two hundred and thirteen patients underwent R0 resection and 4 R1 resection due to extensive invasion. Thirty-five patients underwent laparoscopic resection. Forty-eight patients received imatinib mesylate therapy after surgery. A total of 178 patients(82.0%) were followed up for 3 to 74 months. Sixteen patients(9.0%) developed recurrence or metastasis. Logistic regression analysis showed that tumor location (OR=2.547, 95% CI:1.466-4.424) and mitotic count(OR=6.556, 95% CI:2.974-14.449) were independent factors for post-operative recurrence or metastasis. Five patients survived with tumor, and 11 patients(6.2%) died of GIST including intestinal GIST(n=7) and extraintestinal GIST(n=4). Cox regression analysis showed that the mitotic count (RR=2.654, 95% CI:1.094-6.438) and post-operative recurrence or metastasis (RR=32.988, 95% CI:3.879-280.529) were independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONSTumor location and mitotic count are independent risk factors for post-operative recurrence or metastasis in GIST. Mitotic count and post-operative recurrence or metastasis are independent indicators of poor prognosis. Surgical radical resection combined with targeted therapy can achieve satisfactory outcomes in patients with GIST.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective The paper aimed to discuss the influence of case teaching of forensic pathology based on network platform on the critical thinking ability of forensic students.Methods Students majoring in forensic were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 20 students per group. According to heterogeneity classification, the experimental group was divided into 4 subgroups. The subgroups participated in network cases learning whereas the control group received traditional case teaching. Participants were required to fill in California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CCTDI-CV) before and after learning. CCTDI-CV scores, the scores of final exam and the number of students who had improved in CCTDI-CV scores were compared between the two groups. Results For the experimental group, the total score of CCTDI-CVand the scores of items including looking for the truth, systematized ability, self-confidence, thirst for knowledge were significantly improved after learning. The performance of the experimental group was better than that of the control group at the end of teaching (P＜0.05) . The scores of final exam were higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (P＜0.05) .Conclusion Forensic pathology cases teaching based on network platform is an effective way to stimulate students'critical thinking ability and to improve the study ability.

BACKGROUNDSepsis is a leading cause of death in the intensive care units. The late inflammatory cytokine, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), plays a critical role in sepsis. In the present study, we investigated the association between the serum HMGB1 levels and the severity of organ injury in the lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in rats.

METHODSTo produce an animal model of sepsis with different degree of organ injury, animals were treated with three different doses of lipopolysaccharide (4, 8 and 16 mg/kg), and the animals in control group were treated with the same volume of the vehicle (saline). The levels of serum HMGB1 were measured at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 48 hours after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle injection, meanwhile the biochemical and histopathological indicators for the severity of organ injury were assessed.

RESULTSThe level of HMGB1 had a positive, high correlation with the abnormal changes of serum cardiac troponin I, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, as well as the pathologic scores of heart, lung, liver and kidney.

CONCLUSIONSThe level of serum HMGB1 is highly correlated with the severity of sepsis in rats, suggesting that HMGB1 could serve as a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis and management of sepsis.

Animals ; HMGB1 Protein ; blood ; Lipopolysaccharides ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo prospectively study the value of cystatin C in diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients after cardiac surgery.

METHODSA total of 132 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass were enrolled in this prospectively study. From each patient, blood samples were collected everyday before and after operation to detect the serum creatinine (Scr) and cystatin C levels by enzymatic method and particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA), respectively, and the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated using MDRD equation. AKI diagnosis was made according to the RIFLE criteria of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) (R: Scr increased by > or =50%; I: Scr increased by > or =100%; F: Scr increased by > or =200%; L: Loss of kidney function; E: End-stage renal disease). Another AKI diagnostic criterion was also adopted according to the levels of cystatin C increment, namely an increase by > or =50%, > or =100%, and > or =200%.

RESULTSTwenty-nine patients (21.9%) developed AKI of varied severities, including 10 meeting the R-criteria, 12 the I-criteria, 7 the F-criteria, with the other 103 patients without AKI serving as the control group. Cystatin C of the 29 AKI patients was drastically increased in comparison with that of the control group (P<0.001). Significant linear correlation was found between cystatin C and Scr (r=0.732, P<0.001) and between [cystatin C]-1 and estimated GFR (R=0.803, P<0.001). By the two diagnostic criteria based on cystatin C and Scr levels, respectively, the median diagnostic time of AKI was 2 days (range 1-4 days) and 3 days (range 2-5 days) for R criteria (10 patients, P=0.014), 3.5 days (range 1-6 days) and 5 days (range 2-8 days) for I criteria (12 patients, P=0.008), and 5 days (range 3-7 days) and 6.5 days (range 4-9 days) for F criteria (7 patients, P=0.02), respectively. ROC analysis confirmed excellent accuracy of cystatin C in AKI diagnosis (AUC=0.992). With the cut-off value of cystatin C increment by > or =50%, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of AKI was 92% and 95%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONCystatin C can serve as a good indicator for AKI diagnosis to allow earlier detection of AKI than Scr-based diagnosis in patients after cardiac surgery.

Acute Kidney Injury ; blood ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Cystatin C ; blood ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult