Delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS) is an important incapacitating or lethal cause after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH),but the patho-physiological process was vague. The effective drugs of treating DCVS are particularly important including ion channel blockers or openers,endothelin synthetic inhibitor or receptor antagonist,anti-inflammatory agents,antioxidants,fibrinolytic agents,traditional Chinese herbs,etc. The article reviews the research progress in the preclinical and clinical pharmacotherapy on DCVS after SAH,and explores the applications and effects and debates about these therapeutic drugs at present.

AIM To explore effects of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor breviscapine on protein expression of c fos?c jun and collagen Ⅳ(C Ⅳ) production in rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMC) cultured under high glucose conditions. METHODS Rat GMCs were cultured under normal glucose, high glucose or high glucose and breviscapine. After 24 h, 48 h or 1 wk, protein expression of c fos?c jun, C Ⅳ and PKC activity were measured. RESULTS Increased protein expression of c fos?c jun, C Ⅳ and PKC activity were observed under high glucose compared to normal glucose. All the above mentioned effects of high glucose were inhibited completely or partly by breviscapine. CONCLUSION High glucose may increase protein expression of c fos?c jun and C Ⅳ production mediated by PKC activation in cultured GMCs. PKC inhibitor breviscapine may ameliorate these abnormalities efficiently.

Objective　To explore the effect of photon on blood biologic components in blood photochemical treatment. Methods　After the blood sample was adjusted to an appropriate density, it was treated with 0.1 nmol/ml 8-MOP (8-methoxypsoralen), 0.1 nmol/ml TFO (triple helix-forming oligonuletide) and UVA (ultraviolet A radiation) at the intensity of 1 800 μW/cm2 for 3～20 min. The changes of biologic activities of major components in blood were measured with automatic blood gas analyzer, platelet aggregation analyzer, blood coagulation analyzer, micropipette aspiration system and assay of poly-lysine adsorption. Results　The oxygen content in blood was increased gradually. The resilience of erythrocyte was enhanced ，but its adhesiveness was decreased. The parameters related to blood coagulation had some changes but all remained within the normal ranges. Conclusion　Under the definite condition of blood virus being inactivated effectively, the nonspecific effect of photosensitive response may improve blood oxygen content, enhance the transfiguring ability of erythrocyte and decrease the blood viscosity, but having no obvious change on blood coagulation.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in Lobelia chinensis.Methods Isolation and purification were carried out by silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and preparative HPLC.Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopy and physicochemical properties. Results Twelve compounds were obtained and identified as: cycloeucalenol(Ⅰ),24-methylenecycloartanol(Ⅱ),phytol(Ⅲ),phytenal(Ⅳ),?-amyrin(Ⅴ),adenosine(Ⅵ),n-butyl-?-Dfructofuranoside(Ⅶ),n-butyl-?-D-fructofuranoside(Ⅷ),n-butyl-?-D-fructopyranoside(Ⅸ),n-butyl-?-D-fructopyranoside(Ⅹ),salicin(Ⅺ),and 5-hydroxymethyl furaldehyde(ⅩⅡ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ—Ⅳ and Ⅵ—ⅩⅡ are obtained from the plants of Lobelia L.for the first time and compound Ⅴ is obtained from this plant for the first time.

Background To explore the roles of human papilloma virus(HPV)and herpes simplex virus (HSV)in pathogenesis of pterygia are very important for provide more basis for the study of pterygia mechanisms.Objective The aim of the study was to detect the expression of HSV and HPV in pterygia. Methods A total of 68 specimens of pterygia and specimens of normal conjunction tissue were obtained during the operation.The expression of HSV DNA and HPV DNA in pterygia specimens and conjunetival tissue were detected and compared by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before the any medical procedure related to this study. Results Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that HPV DNA was detected in 12(17.65％)pterygia specimens,and HSV DNA was found in 15 (22.06％)pterygia specimens；however them were detected in 6(8.82％)and 1(1.47％)in conjunctival tissue respectively.Significant differences were found in the expression both HSV DNA and HPV DNA between pterygium tissue and eonjunctival tissue(HPV：χ2=10.291,P<0.05；HSV：χ2=4.561,P<0.05).The co-expression of HSV DNA and HPV DNA was seen in 5(7.35％)pterygium specimens,but no any co-expression of HSV DNA and HPV DNA was in conjunctival specimen. Conclusion HSV and HPV may participate in the pathogenesis and development of pterygium.The detection of virus DNA can offer an experiment evidence of HSV and HPV in pterygium generation.

Leptospira/drug effects ; Leptospirosis/*drug therapy ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Cardiovascular System ; Pharmacogenetics

Humans ; Renal Artery Obstruction ; therapy ; Stents

Sixty patients with piriformis syndrome were treated mainly by electroacupunture, Tuina plus TDP irradiation. After 10 treatments, among 60 patients, 41 cases were cured and 19 cases were improved.

The serum manganese, chromium, zinc and copper levels of 63 cases with coronary heart disease and 33 normals were determined by the inductively couple plasma emission spectroscopy. The concentrations of Mn, Cr, Zn and Cu were 0.02145 ?0.0107 ppm, 0.0230 ?0.0167 PPm, 0.905?0.278 ppm 1.056 ?0.404 PPm and the Cu/Zn ratio was 0.973 ?0.395 in normals.In comparing with normals, a significant increase in the serum zinc concentration (P