OBJECTIVE: To explore the regulative effect of expression of VEGF gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and to discuss the future application of microRNA in the gene therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHOD: We constructed the recombination miRNA plasmid vectors which target VEGF gene and plasmids were transfected into CNE-2 cells by using Lipofectamine 2000 Reagent. The VEGF mRNA and VEGF protein were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting respectively. WST-8 assay was used to determine the inhibitory effect of microRNA on cell growth. Stable cell lines and wild type CNE-2 cell line were inoculated to subcutis of nude mice to establish animal models. The tumor growth and volume were observed. RESULT: After the transfection of CNE-2 cells , the expressions of VEGF mRNA and VEGF protein were down-regulated at different degree. Whereas, CNE-2 cell growth showed no change by observation of fluorescence microscopy, and cell proliferation was not inhibited in WST-8 assay. However, in vivo, growth of xenograft was inhibited in preliminary experiments of nude mice. CONCLUSION By miRNA plasmid constructed artificially, miRNA can effectively interfere nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by down-regulating the expressions of VEGF gene, therefore can inhibit the growth of tumor xenografted in vivo. Future application of microRNA in the gene therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma might be expected.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To study a new surgical approach for cochlear implantation. METHOD: We operated on 8 cadaver heads (16 side) use Suprameatal approach for cochlear implantation, describe related anatomic mark. RESULT: The electrode is passed through the suprameatal tunnel, the EAC groove, the space underneath the chorda tympani between the malleal and the long process of the incus, and the cochleostomy. Angle between tunnel and temporal imaginary line is 28.0 degrees +/- 1.3 degrees in adult, 29.0 degrees +/- 1.7 degrees in children, the location of inserting electrode into cochleostomy is (1.31 +/- 0.13) mm to round window in adult, (1.19 +/- 0.12) mm in child. CONCLUSION The SMA approach is a safe technique, maintaining a safe distance to facial nerve and chorda tympani. So We should make right decision in clinic.
Adult ; Child ; Chorda Tympani Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Ear Canal ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Round Window, Ear ; anatomy & histology

OBJECTIVE: In order to provide help for preoperative assessment of cochlear implantation, related dissection of temporal bone was conducted guided by high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) in accordance to the main steps of cochlear implantation, and was compared to HRCT measurements on a viewing workstation. METHOD: Six temporal bones were dissected according to the main steps of cochlear implantation and scanned in axial and semilongitudal planes by HRCT to observe the relationship between anatomy and HRCT. RESULT: The width of facial recess in dissection was (3.13 +/- 0.34) mm at the level of round window, and (4.12 +/- 0.44) mm at the level of oval window. The width of facial recess in HRCT was (3.20 +/- 0.38) mm at the level of round window, and (4.14 +/- 0.47) mm at the level of oval window. The whole course of facial nerve was visualized clearly in semilongitudal plane. No statistically significant differences were found between the results of dissection and HRCT. CONCLUSION The distance in axial between facial nerve and posterior wall of external auditory canal and the distance from facial nerve to round window in semilongitudal plane are the most important parameters which reflect the position of facial nerve. The vertical portion of facial nerve, posterior wall of external auditory canal, round window are important measurement landmarks. Related preoperative measurements of cochlear implantation by HRCT can help to guide clinic surgery.
Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Cochlear Implants ; Ear Canal ; anatomy & histology ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Infant ; Round Window, Ear ; anatomy & histology

Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is a type of non-neoplastic lesion that can be rarely found in clinical practices. Due to the lack of specificity in symptoms, signs and auxiliary examinations, it is likely to be misdiagnosed, and thereby affecting the treatment and prognosis. In July 2018, a GCRG patient who was described with "4 years of hearing loss in the left ear, accompanied by 2 months of preauricular swelling" as the first symptom was admitted in our hospital. Both the HRCT and MRI scans for the temporal bone suggested the presence of tumor at the left lateral skull base, but the nature still needed further examination. Intraoperatively, the tumor was completely removed and repaired locally. Pathological examination confirmed the symptoms as GCRG. Immunohistochemistry showed the expression of CD68 and CD163 in the tumor cells. Postoperatively, the patient recovered well without complications, and had the stitches removed before being discharged on schedule.
Bone Neoplasms ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Granuloma, Giant Cell ; Humans ; Temporal Bone