BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that craniocerebral injury can promote the repair of sciatic nerve injury in rats, but its precise mechanism remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To further explore the action mechanism of craniocerebral injury on the repair of sciatic nerve injury using morphology and histology.
METHODS:Sixty specific-pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups. Rats with craniocerebral injury and sciatic nerve injury were considered as the experimental group. Rats with simple sciatic nerve injury were considered as the control group. Classical Feeney method was used in models of craniocerebral injury and SunderlandV sciatic nerve injury. At 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, sciatic nerve index was detected. Masson staining and NF200 immunofluorescence staining were used to observethe nerve regeneration atthe anstomotic site. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the number of regenerative axons.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, compared with the control group, gait and sciatic nerve index recovered better in the experimental group. In the experimental group, Masson staining showed fewer nerve membrane colagen fibers, and the axon arranged neatly.NF200 immunohistochemistry showed that in the experimental group, the density of regenerated nerves was high, and nerveswere regularly distributed. Transmission electron microscopy showed that in the experimental group, regenerative axons were regularly arranged, colagen scar was less, and myelin layer arranged regularly. Results suggested that the craniocerebral injury in rats may promote the repair of peripheral nerve injury by reducing scar colagen in nerve endings.

BACKGROUND:Recovery of motor and sensory function from peripheral nerve injury is relatively slow and incomplete. It is a difficult problem for orthopedic surgeons that mainly leads to the decline in the quality of life in patients.
OBJECTIVE: To conclude the methods and corresponding outcomes in peripheral nerve regeneration by analyzing the new treatment means for peripheral nerve injury.
METHODS:PubMed, Wanfang, CNKI databases were retrieved for relevant articles using key words of “nerve injury, regeneration”, and then retrieval data were sorted and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In recent years, in-depth studies on peripheral nerve repair have been made in the folowing aspects: surgical mode, drug, cytokine, gene transfer and biomaterials as wel as traditional Chinese medicine. If the detect size is four times longer than the diameter of nerves, the nerve regeneration chamber can achieve good outcomes. The methods of restoring nerve continuity folowing nerve injury are developed from surgical anastomosis to photochemohistological method, thermal laser welding, plastic repair and other emerging technologies. Studies have found that plasminogen activator, nerve growth factor, neurotrophic factor, recombinant erythropoietin, human tissue kalikrein, B vitamins and their derivatives, herbal preparations, immunosuppressive agents al can promote nerve regeneration.

Objective To investigate the effects of G-CSF-mobilized autologous stem cells in the prevention of radiation pulmonary injury.Methods Mice were divided into control group,irradiation group and treatment group.Mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by exposing chest to a single dose of 14 Gy.Animals in the treatment group received recombinant human G-CSF (250 μg/kg daily for 5 d) before the irradiation in order to mobilize autologous stem cells in vivo.The general condition and mortality were documented after radiation injury.The pathological study with histological scoring,Masson staining and Sirius red staining with polarized light analysis were used to identify lung injury and the potential benefit of stem cell mobilization.Results Local chest irradiation of a single dose of 14 Gy was a suitable dose to create radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.The death rate was 37.5％,which mainly happened around 11 weeks after injury.In contrast,all of the animals in G-CSF treated group survived.The ratio of lung to body mass was significantly increased in both irradiation group and treatment group (F =23.20,P＜0.05) around 3 months after the injury,with a higher ratio in irradiation group than that in treatment group (P＜0.05).Histological scoring for alveolar inflammation at 3 months after injury revealed statistically significant difference in irradiation group and treatment group compared with control group (F=11.93,P＜ 0.05).At this time point,the pathological observation showed lung tissue degeneration and necrosis with alveolitis and interstitial inflammation,as well as fibroblasts proliferation and focal collagen deposition in alveolar septa.At 4 month after the injury,the inflammation ininterstitial tissue was receded,but fibrosis and collagen deposition were significantly increased.In addition,at 3 and 4 months afterinjury,the pulmonary fibrosis was aggravated in irradiation group (F=28.73,16.85,P＜0.05),and significantly alleviated in the treatment group (P＜0.05).The similar results were confirmed in collagen content analysis (IOD) by Sirius red staining and image analysis (F =17.70,17.79,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Autologous mobilization of stem cells could prevent the death of radiation-injured animals possibly by alleviating early lung injury and interstitial inflammation as well as the late pulmonary fibrosis,suggesting a therapeutic potential of autologous stem cell mobilization in radiation pulmonary fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE：To prepare paclit axel and schisandrin B liposomes modified by cell penetrating peptide RPV ，and to preliminarily evaluate its anti-tumor activity in vitro . METHODS ：RPV modified paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes were prepared by film dispersion method. Box-Benhken design-response surface methodology was used to optimize the prescription technology of RPV modified paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes using the amount of cholesterol and paclitaxel ，the time interval of ultrasound probe as factors ，average entrapment efficiency of paclitaxel and schisandrin B was used as the index. The liposomes prepared by the optimal technology were characterized. Sulfonylrhodamine B staining method was used to investigate in vitro toxicity of RPV modified blank liposomes ，paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes ，RPV modified paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes to human ovarian cancer cell SK-OV- 3. The effects of 3 kinds of liposomes on the migration and invasion ability of SK-OV-3 cells were investigated by cell scratch test and Transwell chamber invasion test. RESULTS ：The optimal prescription technology was phospholipid 44 mg，cholesterol 8 mg，paclitaxel 0.64 mg，schisandrin B 1.5 mg，ultrasonic probe time interval 5 s，prescription dosage 5 mL. According to the optimal prescription technology ，the liposomes were spherical in shape ，and the particle size was （126.49±1.19）nm，Zeta-potential was （－4.83±0.61）mV，average entrapment efficiency of liposomes was （93.88±1.67）％. Compared with RPV modified blank liposomes ，after treated with paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes and RPV modified paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes ，the survival rate ，migration inhibition rate and invasion rate of SK-OV- 3 cells were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. The effects of RPV modified paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes was better than those of paclitaxel and schisandrin B liposomes （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：RPV modified paclitaxel and schisandra B liposome are successfu lly prepared ，and they have certain antitumor activity in vitro .