Objective:To establish the quality control method for Tribulus terrestris L. by colorimetry and HPLC. Methods:The HPLC method was with a Welch Ultimate LP-C18 column(250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm),the mobile phase was methanol-water(80:20) and the detection wavelength was 203 nm. The colorimetry was with a perchloric acid method. The saponins of Tribulus terrestrist as the index,the determination method for total saponins and saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. was established. Results:The results of the HPLC and colorimetry methods showed saponins of Tribulus terrestris had good linear relationship within the range of 0. 820-7. 380 μg and 24. 600-86. 100 μg with the average recovery of 99. 3% and 99. 5%,respectively. Total saponins and saponins of Tribulus terres-tris in Tribulus terrestris from 18 habitats were measured by the methods. Conclusion:The methods are sensitive,accurate and repro-ducible,and can be used as the quality control methods for Tribulus terrestris.

Objective To extraction method optimization and the content of the different parts of Xinjiang Bergenia crassifolia (L.), provide the basis for efficient extraction of Bergenia crassifolia pigment. Method Using the orthogonal experiment, the alcohol extraction process of ethanol concentration, dosage of ethanol, extraction time, extraction times, as well as to Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of the different part. Results Of optimization, the best ethanol extract of xinjiang Bergenia crassifolia pigment process conditions is 8 times the amount of 50%ethanol, extracting 3 times, each time 0.5 h. In Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of different parts exists obvious difference. Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of Taproot and fibrous root is higher, at 8.65%to 9.58%, while Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of the leaves is relatively low, at just 0.15%. Bergenia crassifolia pigment content of leaves significantly higher than the old leaves. Conclusion This experimental study on efficient extraction of xinjiang Bergenia crassifolia pigment to provide strong technical support and theoretical basis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the state and distribution of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Chrysanthemi Flos.

METHODThe samples were prepared by modified Tessier sequential extraction; The elements of Cu, Pb, and Cd in the samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), while Hg, and As were analyzed by atomic fluorescence (AFS).

RESULTCu,Pb,Cd,Hg,As in Chrysanthemi Flos were 12.806, 10.478, 0.436, 0.231, 1.531 mg x kg(-1), respectively. Cu, Pb, Hg in Chrysanthemi Flos mainly existed in residual and organic states; Cd was priority to ion exchange state; the residual state was the main form of As, and ion exchange state and water soluble state also had a large proportion. Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, As in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma were 10.530, 4.926, 0.478, 0.260, 0.750 mg x kg(-1), respectively. Cu, Pb and Hg of residual state were the highest ratio; Cd and As mainly existed in ion exchange state.

CONCLUSIONThe experiment results showed that sequential extraction can be applied in speciation analysis of the harmful elements of traditional Chinese medicine. The method can speciate the state and distribution of harmful elements and provide the information of harmful elements. It will provide reference to the production of Chinese traditional patent medicine and herb extracts, processing of medicine herbs, the development of new drugs and safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine.

Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rheum ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of pegylated interferon ( PegIFN ) α-2a plus ribavirin ( RBV) therapy for chronic hepatitis C ( CHC) in non-responders, and to investigate the related influencing factors.Methods A prospective, open, multicenter and randomized study was conducted.A total of 81 CHC non-responders were recruited from 10 clinical centers during February 2009 to November 2011.Patients were randomly assigned into two groups:group A (n=37) was given PegIFNα-2a plus RBV treatment for 72 weeks and group B (n=44) was given PegIFNα-2a plus RBV treatment for 96 weeks.Both groups were followed up for 24 weeks after treatment.Virological responses in two groups were observed, and treatment efficacies among patients with different genotypes, and among those with different previous treatment were compared.SAS software was used for statistical analysis.Results Fifty-two patients ( 28 from group A and 24 from group B) completed the study in total.The rates of rapid virological response ( RVR) , complete early virological response ( cEVR ) , end of treatment viral response ( ETVR ) and sustained virological response (SVR) in group A were 25.0% (7/28), 60.7% (17/28), 67.9%(19/28) and 60.7%(17/28), respectively; while those in the group B were 41.7% (10/24), 70.8%(17/24), 70.8%(17/24) and 70.8% (17/24), respectively; and there were no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).SVR was observed in 82.9%(29/35) of patients with CC genotype of IL-28B, which was higher than that in patients with other genotypes ( 3/13 ) , and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0.01).There was no significant difference in viral responses between patients previously treated with IFN plus RBV and those treated by IFN only (P>0.05).The rates of RVR, cEVR, ETVR and SVR in patients who were previously treated with IFN were 36.4%(12/33), 81.8%(27/33), 81.8%(27/33) and 75.8%(25/33), and the rates of cEVR, ETVR and SVR were higher than those in patients who were previously treated with PegIFN (P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in RVR (P>0.05).Adverse events occurred in 38 patients (46.9%), but no severe ones were observed. Conclusion The efficacy of PegIFNα-2a plus RBV therapy for CHC in non-responders is satisfactory, which may influenced by IL-28B genotypes and previous treatment.

Improving the entire outpatient clinic experience is an important measure in the new era to enhance patients'sense of gain from medical treatment.Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University explores the establishment of a full-process outpatient service management system based on continuous improvement of medical services.Through the concept of forward service,it focuses on the patient's pre-diagnosis experience;the process is simplified and intelligently guided to optimize the patient's in-diagnosis experience;and continuous diagnosis and treatment Model innovation improves patients'post-diagnosis experience and creates a Chinese-style modern outpatient medical service model to continuously meet the people's growing needs for a better life.

Improving the entire outpatient clinic experience is an important measure in the new era to enhance patients'sense of gain from medical treatment.Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University explores the establishment of a full-process outpatient service management system based on continuous improvement of medical services.Through the concept of forward service,it focuses on the patient's pre-diagnosis experience;the process is simplified and intelligently guided to optimize the patient's in-diagnosis experience;and continuous diagnosis and treatment Model innovation improves patients'post-diagnosis experience and creates a Chinese-style modern outpatient medical service model to continuously meet the people's growing needs for a better life.

Improving the entire outpatient clinic experience is an important measure in the new era to enhance patients'sense of gain from medical treatment.Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University explores the establishment of a full-process outpatient service management system based on continuous improvement of medical services.Through the concept of forward service,it focuses on the patient's pre-diagnosis experience;the process is simplified and intelligently guided to optimize the patient's in-diagnosis experience;and continuous diagnosis and treatment Model innovation improves patients'post-diagnosis experience and creates a Chinese-style modern outpatient medical service model to continuously meet the people's growing needs for a better life.

Improving the entire outpatient clinic experience is an important measure in the new era to enhance patients'sense of gain from medical treatment.Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University explores the establishment of a full-process outpatient service management system based on continuous improvement of medical services.Through the concept of forward service,it focuses on the patient's pre-diagnosis experience;the process is simplified and intelligently guided to optimize the patient's in-diagnosis experience;and continuous diagnosis and treatment Model innovation improves patients'post-diagnosis experience and creates a Chinese-style modern outpatient medical service model to continuously meet the people's growing needs for a better life.

Improving the entire outpatient clinic experience is an important measure in the new era to enhance patients'sense of gain from medical treatment.Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University explores the establishment of a full-process outpatient service management system based on continuous improvement of medical services.Through the concept of forward service,it focuses on the patient's pre-diagnosis experience;the process is simplified and intelligently guided to optimize the patient's in-diagnosis experience;and continuous diagnosis and treatment Model innovation improves patients'post-diagnosis experience and creates a Chinese-style modern outpatient medical service model to continuously meet the people's growing needs for a better life.