To evaluate the efficacy of the prophylactic use of diclofenac in prevention of hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia in patients undergoing double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE).One hundred and sixteen patients undergoing peroral DBE were enrolled in the study.Total 121 procedures were performed,in 56 procedures diclofenac sodium 50 mg was administered by rectum 1 h before the peroral DBE (intervention group) and in 65 procedures no medication was given (control group).Serum amylase and lipase levels were measured before and 4 h,24 h after the procedure.At 4 h after DBE the incidence rates of hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia in intervention and control groups were 33.9％,38.5％ (P ＞ 0.05) and 21.4％,36.9％ (P ＞0.05),respectively.At 24 h after DBE,the incidence rates of hyperamylasemia and hypedipasemia in intervention and control groups were 19.6％,24.6％ (P ＞ 0.05) and 10.7％,15.4％ (P ＞ 0.05),respectively.Mild acute pancreatitis developed in one patient and gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in another patient.Hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia is common and transient after double-balloon enteroscopy,and rectal administration of diclofenac sodium cannot effectively reduce the incidence.

Two cases of hepatic cavernous hemangioma underwent transcatheter arterial embolization and the bile duct damage occurred after operation.Chemical cholecystitis developed in one case,gallbladder necrosis in another and hilar bile duct stricture occurred in both cases.Thirty reported cases of destructive damage of bile duct induced by transcatheter arterial embolization were found from searching PubMed databases and CNKI net.The main complications included acute cholecystitis,hepatonecrosis,biliary cirrhosis and bile duct damage.The literature review indicates that thanscatheter arterial embolization may cause severe bile duct damage and should be chosen and operated with caution.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of 3-hour post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) serum amylase and lipase levels for postoperative pancreatitis (PEP).Methods:Clinical data of patients who underwent ERCP from June 2017 to December 2018 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors of PEP were examined with univariate and multivariate analysis. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for 3-h postoperative serum amylase and lipase was generated and the optimal cut-off levels for PEP prediction were calculated.Results:A total of 491 patients were enrolled in this study, and 29 patients developed PEP. Compared with the uncomplicated group, female gender [75.9% (22/29) vs. 49.1% (227/462)], pancreatogram [65.5% (19/29) vs. 32.0% (148/462)], pancreatic duct cannulation [27.6% (8/29) vs. 11.7% (54/462)] and coronary heart disease [17.2% (5/29) vs. 4.5% (21/462)] accounted for a significant higher proportion in PEP group (χ 2=7.79, 13.63, 6.25, 6.42, all P<0.05), while logistic regression analysis revealed that only pancreatic duct cannulation was an independent risk factor ( OR=3.574, 95 %CI: 1.315-9.713, P<0.05). Areas under the ROC curve of serum amylase and lipase at 3 h were 0.897 (95 %CI: 0.842-0.951, P<0.01) and 0.915 (95 %CI: 0.881-0.948, P<0.01), respectively ( Z=0.550, P>0.05). For amylase, ideal sensitivity(93.1%) and specificity(93.3%) could be obtained as cut-off levels>1.0 and 3.0 times the upper limit reference (ULR), respectively. Correspondingly, as cut-off levels for lipase>2.5 and 6.0 times the ULR, the sensitivity was 93.1% and specificity was 91.3%, respectively. Conclusion:Three-hour postoperative serum amylase and lipase are both ideal indicators for predicting PEP with similar clinical value.

Astragali radix(AR,the dried root of Astragalus)is a popular herbal remedy in both China and the United States.The commercially available AR is commonly classified into premium graded(PG)and ungraded(UG)ones only according to the appearance.To uncover novel sensitive and specific markers for AR grading,we took the integrated mass spectrometry-based untargeted and targeted metabolomics ap-proaches to characterize chemical features of PG and UG samples in a discovery set(n=16 batches).A series of five differential compounds were screened out by univariate statistical analysis,including arginine,calycosin,ononin,formononetin,and astragaloside Ⅳ,most of which were observed to be accumulated in PG samples except for astragaloside Ⅳ.Then,we performed machine learning on the quantification data of five compounds and constructed a logistic regression prediction model.Finally,the external validation in an independent validation set of AR(n=20 batches)verified that the five com-pounds,as well as the model,had strong capability to distinguish the two grades of AR,with the pre-diction accuracy＞90％.Our findings present a panel of meaningful candidate markers that would significantly catalyze the innovation in AR grading.

Objective: To investigate the effects of two nanotopographies of ultraviolet (UV)-treated titanium surface on macrophage biological behaviour and inflammatory cytokines secretion, and to provide basis for clinical application of UV-treatment in dental implant modification. Methods: Titanium disks were allocated into two groups. Samples in one group were acid-etched in hydrofluoric acid (Acid Ti group), and those in the other group were acid-etched and anodized (Anodization group) to form two nanotopographies respectively. The surface morphology was evaluated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The samples were stored in the dark for 8 weeks. Thirteen samples from each group were exposed to UV-irradiation for 48 h (Acid Ti+UV group and Anodization+UV group), UV-untreated samples from Acid Ti and Anodization groups served as control. Hydrophilicity of samples was measured using contact angle measuring device. After 4, 24 and 72 h of incubation, macrophage cell adhesion and proliferation were conducted using cell counting kit-8. Cytokine/chemokine secretions [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α)] were measured from cell culture supernatants at 24 and 72 h using magnetic luminex assay. Cell morphology was examined using FE-SEM after 2 h of incubation. Results: Micropitted/nanopillar and micropitted/nanotubular topographies were observed in Acid Ti group and Anodization group respectively. Contact angles in Acid Ti+UV and Anodization+UV groups (20.2°±2.8° and 0.0°±0.0°) were significantly smaller than those in the Acid Ti and Anodization groups (P<0.05). Cell adhesion and proliferation in all groups at 4 and 24 h showed no difference (P>0.05). Cell proliferation in Acid Ti+UV and Anodization+UV groups at 72 h were (0.92±0.13) and (1.10±0.08) respectively, which were significantly higher than those in Acid Ti and Anodization groups. TNF-α concentration in Acid Ti+UV and Anodization+UV groups at 72 h were (1.03±0.11) and (0.87±0.10) ng/L, MCP-1 were (301.7±50.3) and (240.8±18.7) ng/L, MIP-1α were (224.9±30.6) and (233.9±14.9) ng/L respectively, which were significantly lower than those in Acid Ti and Anodization groups (P<0.05). Conclusions UV treatment can increase hydrophilicity of two titanium surface topographies, especially of Anodization+UV group. UV-treated titanium surfaces can promote macrophage proliferation and reduce the inflammatory response in vitro.

Adoptive therapeutic immune cells, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and natural killer cells, have established a new generation of precision medicine based on which dramatic breakthroughs have been achieved in intractable lymphoma treatments. Currently, well-explored approaches focus on autologous cells due to their low immunogenicity, but they are highly restricted by the high costs, time consumption of processing, and the insufficiency of primary cells in some patients. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are cell sources that can theoretically produce indefinite well-differentiated immune cells. Based on the above facts, it may be reasonable to combine the iPSC technology and the CAR design to produce a series of highly controllable and economical "live" drugs. Manufacturing hypoimmunogenic iPSCs by inactivation or over-expression at the genetic level and then arming the derived cells with CAR have emerged as a form of "off-the-shelf" strategy to eliminate tumor cells efficiently and safely in a broader range of patients. This review describes the reasonability, feasibility, superiority, and drawbacks of such approaches, summarizes the current practices and relevant research progress, and provides insights into the possible new paths for personalized cell-based therapies.
Humans ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/genetics* ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; T-Lymphocytes ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; Neoplasms/genetics*