Near infrared chemical imaging (NIR-CI) is an emerging technology for rapidly analyzing the critical quality attribute of Chinese materia medica (CMM). It integrates NIR spectroscopy with chemical imaging. In this paper, it provided a systematic introduction to NIR-CI, such as the core part of instrument, the reliability, transformation, analysis and application of high-dimensional data acquisition. In addition, current studies of NIR-CI application in pharmaceutical field were analyzed. Finally, future opportunities and challenges of NIR -CI applications in the quality control of CMM preparation were prospected.

Objective The effect of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on smoking reduction,cessation and human health remains controversial,meanwhile,studies tocused on e-cigarettes are limited.We conducted this meta-analysis in purpose of helping figuring out the controversy.Methods PubMed, Medline,Embase,Cochrane library,CNKl and Wanfang Databases were searched for articles published up to May 2014.All studies discussing the relationship between e-cigarettes and smoking reduction,smoking cessation or human health were included.The fixed or random-eftect model was used to pool the relative risk(RR).Outcome 4 articles were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,there were totally 7 002 subjects.Meta-analysis indicated that there was significant difference in e-cigarettes and smoking reduction,RR=1.88,95％ CI:1.07-3.32,P=0.09.The Meta-analysis showed that e-cigarettes were available in smoking cessation.RR=1.55,95％ CI:1.24-1.95,P=0.001.Conclusion Tiffs meta-analysis indicated that e-cigarettes were helpful in smoking cessation.Nonetheless,the articles included were too few to credibly support the outcome.Hence,more high-quality,randomized blind and large sample experiments are needed to verify the results.

Objective To evaluate total gastrectomy and regular lymph node dissection for the treatment of advanced cardiac cancer. Methods Three hundred and eighty-seven patients with advanced cardiac cancer underwent total gastrectomy D2+ procedure. The relationships between depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis,the number of metastastic lymph nodes dissected and postoperative survival rate were analyzed. Results The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 47.3% and 34.2% , respectively. Metastatic rate of N3 lymph node was 4. 8% and 15. 2% in advanced cardiac patients of PT3 and PT4, respectively. Survival rates significantly decreased along with the increase of lymph node metastasis. The 3-year and 5-year survival of patients who had less than 15 lymph nodes dissected was significantly poorer than those who had more than 15 lymph nodes dissected, respectively. The postoperative complication rate and mortality rate of the two groups were 14. 2% and 2. 52% , respectively. Conclution To improve the quality of life and survival rate, D2 + radical total gastrectomy should be performed for advanced cardiac cancer, and when indicated resection of spleen and/or body and tail of the pancreas should be performed.

Objective:To summarize the research advance in antitumor activity of dandelion in recent 5 years.Methods:The lit-eratures on the antitumor activity of various extracts of dandelion in recent 5 years were collected , including the effective components such as polysaccharide , triterpenes , phytosterols , flavonoids and organic acids etc .Results:Dandelion showed antitumor activity .The polysaccharide ingredients could effectively prevent the proliferation of pancreatic cancer PANC -1 cells, lupeol could reduce the activity of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and beta sitosterol could induce the apoptosis of human cervical cancer Hela cells .Conclusion:Dande-lion is effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancer , breast cancer and cervical cance etc .The antitumor activity of the other active in-gredients in dandelion needs further research in order to provide complete theoretical and experimental evidence for the potential appli -cation as antitumor medicine in clinics .

Normal bacteria purification method was used in this study. Pseudomonas trivialis and Neurospora te-trasperma were screened from residues of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The fermentation conditions and flocculating function were also studied. The results showed that the selected strains grow well in the residues of TCM and their products can flocculate kaolin suspension solution. Based on these, we explored effects of various factors on the flocculated results in order to reveal the best fermentation condition among different combinations.

Objective To investigate the expression of MRP1/CD9 protein in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and its relationship to carcinoma invasion and metastasis. Methods The specimens of tissue microarray from 152 primary hepatocellular carcinomas with paracancerous liver tissue, 22 tumor emboli , 4 intrahepatic satellite metastases, 17 extrahepatic metastases ,and 5 normal livers, respectively, were constructed and used for detection of MRP1/CD9 expression by immunohistochemistry. Results Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays demonstrated MRP1/CD9 protein expression in 27.0%(41/152)of the primary HCCs. The expression of MRP1/CD9 protein was higher in HCCs without cancer thrombi than in those with cancer thrombi (40.48%vs21.82%,P10cm, P20?g/L, P=0.029). Conclusions Loss of MRP1/CD9 protein expression may be associated with invasion and metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effect of interferon-?(IFN-?) gene therapy on colon cancer. Methods BALB/c mice were inoculated subcutaneously with CT26 (murine colon carcinoma cell line) cells to prepare an in vivo tumor model. Eight days after tumor inoculation,the tumor-bearing mice were divided into 3 groups and injected intra-tumorally with one of the following preparations: pcDNA3-IFN-?/Lipofectamine,pcDNA3 /Lipofectamine,and PBS respectively. The expression of IFN-?,the immunity function of mice,the histological changes of the tumor,the tumor volume in tumor-bearing mice were tested after gene therapy. ResultsThe level of IFN-? in the serum and the CTL activity increased significantly( P

Objective To explore the predictive value of microvessel density(MVD)and blood vessel invasion(BVI)in hepatic metastasis from early-stage rectal cancer.Methods MVD and BVI in the tumor tissue from 380 patients with stage I and II rectal cancer was determined by immunohistochemical S-P method with anti-CDIOS antibody and anti-CD34 antibody,respectively.Multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyze the predictive value of MVD and BVI in hepatic metastasis from early-stage rectal cancer.Results CD105 was expressed in newborn blood vessels,not in normal blood veseels.in the rectal cancer tissue.MVD was correlated with histological type and infiltration depth(P＜0.05).Besides histological type and infiltration depth,BVI was also correlated with histological grade.Multivariate analysis revealed that histological type,tumor infiltration depth,BVI,adjuvant therapy,and MDV were independent predictors of hepatic metastasis from rectal cancer.The risk of hepatic metastasis in patients with postive expression of either MVD or BVI or both were significant higher than that in patients with low expression of MVD and those without BVI expression[hazard ratio(95%CI),4.210(2.182-11.214)].Conclusion BVI and MVD are independent predictors of hepatic metastasis from stage I and II rectal cancer.Combined detection of MVD and BVI may help to predict the clinical outcome of patients with early-stage rectal cancer.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied to perform qualitative research on Tibetan medicine “GTso Thal” in order to establish a rapid element analysis method . The Nd: YAG laser with the funda-mental frequency at 1064 nm was used. A high-power laser beam was focused on the surface of the sample. The spectrometer and CCD was used to detect its spectrum signals. Based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database, emission spectrum characteristics were differentiated. The LIBS spectra of “GTso Thal”showed multi-elements including Hg, Ca, Na, As, Fe, Mg, Al, K, Li, Pb, Ag, Au and S. Among them, Hg, Pb, Ag and Au were heavy mental elements. The results demonstrated that LIBS was a viable technique for analysis of Ti-betan medicine “GTso Thal”. LIBS provided reliable elemental analysis on Tibetan medicine “GTso Thal”. The de-tection was real-time, rapid and in situ. It had prospects in the elemental analysis of ethnic medicine study. LIBS had broad application prospects.

Objective To figure the clinical characteristics and genetic bases of Dentinogenesis imperfecta type Ⅱ in a large Mongolian family.Methods Systematic analysis for this family was carried out using clinical detection. Results Affected individuals of Dentinogenesis imperfecta type Ⅱ were consecutively found in a five-generation family. The morbidity of the offsprings is nearly 1/2 and no sexual difference is found. The analysis of clinical features as well as dental x-ray check showed specific finding that were not found in other families. Conclusion Dentinogenesis imperfecta type Ⅱ in this Mongolian family pertains to autosomal dominant disorder with high genetic heterogeneity in clinical phenotype. Further study is warranted to identify the association of this heterogeneity with lifestyle or genetic information.