Objective To construct a simple method for the measurement of activity of S-homocysteine methyltransferase (HMT),and explore the best processing condition for HMT and the preservation of HMT.Methods HMT was expressed in pro-karyotic system by using genetic engineering technology,then was purified by using affinity and Sephadex G1 5 chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)was performed to identify the physicochemical and bio-logical properties of target protein.Based on the principle of 5 ,5′-disulfide-double (2- nitro benzoic acid)(DTNB)could react with sulfydryl compounds rapidly,the reduction of homocysteine was detect to evaluate the activity of enzyme,then the best processing conditions of HTM were determined.Activity of enzyme,preserved in preservation solution with or without glycerol and preserved under different temperatures,was detected.Activity remaining ratios were detected and compared between HMT preserved in pres-ervation solution with different protective agents of different concentration and preserved by cryodesiccation.Results The purity of recombined HMT was above 95%,with molecular weight of 36 000 and excellent catalytic activity,and the catalytic activity was 2 000 U/mg.The optimum condition for the detection of biological activity was using HEPES buffer of pH 7.4 at 37 ℃ and reac-tion for 25 min.Glycerol could significantly prolong the preserving time of HMT,and half activity of HMT could be remained for six months.The reservation rates of activity of HMT,preserved in preservation solution with mannitol and trehalose,were 104%and 100%,respectively.Conclusion HMT could be obtained through genetic engineering.A simple test method of HMT was es-tablished,and the best processing conditions and preserving methods of HMT were determined,which laid a foundation for clinical application.

Pancreatic resection is the treatment choice for pancreatic malignancy and cer-tain benign pancreatic disorders. Althogh, pancreatic resection requires high techndogy whereas current mortality after a pancreaticoduodenectomy has dropped to below 3 % in expe-rienced high-volume centers and post-operative morbidity is still as high as 50%. At pres-ent, the single most significant cause of morbidity and mortality after pancreatectomy is the development of pancreatic leakage and fistula (PF). The occurrence of a PF increases the length of hospital stay and the cost of treatment, requires additional investigations and proce-dures, and can result in life-threatening complications. Early recognition of a PF and prompt institution of appropriate treatment is critical to the prevention of potentially devastating con-sequences; however there is no universally accepted definition of PF that would allow stand-ardized reporting and proper comparison of outcomes between different centers. The present article reviews the conlept evolution of PF and discusses the current preventive strategies.

Objective To observe the therapeutic role on monoclonal antibody of alkaline phosphatase(AAP) to vasogenic cerebral edema in rats(VCE).Methods 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal group,VCE group and AAP group.VCE animal model was made by injecting AAP.Brain water content of gray and white matter were measured by Moistrue Analyzer respectively.The permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) was determined by Evan's blue(EB) extravasation.Results The brain water content of gray and white matter in AAP group was reduced markedly,so the permeability of BBB was reduced(P0.05). Conclusion AAP can treat VCE well. Morbidity mechanism of VCE is related to the activity of alkaline phosphatase.

Objective To summarize the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas to better our understanding of this rare exocrine pancreatic neoplasm. Methods The clinical data of five cases of adenosquamous carcinoma of pancreas admitted between July 2002 and June 2008 were analyzed retrospectively, and relevant literature was reviewed and discussed. Results Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma was found in 3 men and 2 women with a mean age of 64 ± 18 years old. Tumor was located in the head of pancreas in 2 patients, body and tail in 3 cases. One patient was submitted to pancreaticoduodenectomy, three patients underwent distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy and one had cholecystojejunostomy and gastric bypass surgery, as well as 1251 implantation. The mean size of the tumor was 4.5 cm. One patient had posterior stomach wall, descending duodenum, portal vein involvement; spleen was invaded in 2 cases; neural and vessel invasion was present in 2 cases. Lymph node metastasis was present in 1 case. Pathologically primary tumor and liver metastasis were mixture of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In all 5 patients with complete follow up, 3 died of tumor recurrence or liver metastasis with a mean postoperative survival time of 11.2 momths (8.5 ~ 13.5 months). The other 2 cases survived for 6 and 56 months , respectively. Conclusions Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma was likely to be found in patients in their 60s, and confirmative diagnosis was difficult. The prognosis of this rare tumor appeared to be dismal due to the high degree of malignancy.

NF-κB is a nuclear transcription factor with multiple adjustion. The activation of NF-κB can occur by three different mechanisms. The multiple NF-κB activation pathways are important due to the large number of genes that are regulated by NF-κB and their effects on cancer cells. These gene products can promote growth and tumori-genesis, inhibit apoptosis, allow metastasis and invasion, promote angingenesis, and cause chemoresistance. All of these roles in pancreatic cancer make NF-κB a promising target in treatment. Therefore, inhibiting the activity of NF-κB becomes a hot spot and novel idea of preventing and treating pancreatic cancer.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of puerarin injection combined with levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson. Methods 126 Parkinson patients were grouped into two groups randomly. Control group was treated with levodopa and observation group was added to Gegensu injection. Results 3 months later, UPDRS scale score, ADL and HAMD score of observation group were lower than that of control group(P<0.05).Serum Hcy and plasma hs-CRP level of observation group were lower than that of control group( P<0.05).Adverse reactions of observation group was 6.35％ during treatment, compared with the control group 9.52％ had no significant difference. Conclusion Gegensu injection can help improve cognitive ability and improve self-care ability in patients with Parkinson, alleviate symptoms and medication safety.

Objective To investigate the occupational risk awareness levels of higher vocational nursing students before and after the clinic practice.Methods Five-year higher vocational nursing students were investigated by filling out questionnaires before and after the clinic practice.Results Nursing students' occupational risk awareness improved after the clinic practice.They hoped to acquire knowledge about occupational risk and thought that the school was supposed to offer professional ethics courses and strengthen the occupational risk education.Conclusions The majority of nursing students knew the protective measures of occupational exposure in nursing.But there were also someone who did not know these.Relevant knowledge was in high demand.Therefore,schools and internship units should provide a variety of ways to reduce the risks during the internship of nursing students.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of social and psychological factors on rehabilitation status of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients under peritoneal dialysis. METHODS: From August in 2005 to March in 2007, 171 patients experienced peritoneal dialysis were diagnosed at the Center of Peritoneal Dialysis, Department of Nephrology, First Hospital, Peking University, including 66 males and 105 females, aged (60±13) years, with an average dialysis time of 22.8 months. They were studied with questionnaires and interview. Rehabilitation status was investigated from two aspects of activity and participation by Karnofsky activity index, Social Dysfunction Screening Scale. Hamilton depression and anxiety scales, Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire and Social Supporting Rating Scale were used to investigate social and psychological factors.RESULTS: A total of 200 questionnaires were handed out and 171 (85.5%) of them were drawn in. 134 patient had normal activity status, 78.4% of them had Dysfunction and 129 patients (75.4%) had normal social function status. Forty-two (24.5%) of patients had the symptom of anxiety, 15 (8.2%) had depression. The score of "Acceptance-Resignation" was significantly higher in this group than patients with other chronic diseases. There were no significant differences in scores of "Confrontation" and "Avoidance". Activity of rehabilitation outcome and participation index served as dependent variable, whereas depression and anxiety, coping mode and social supporting as independent variable. Using multiple stepwise regression analysis, factors that affected patient rehabilitation were found, including depression, utilization of social support and the facing coping mode. CONCLUSION: Depression, utilization of social support and the facing coping mode have important effects on patient rehabilitation.

Objective To analyze the effect of guizhi gancao decoction on dardiac function and serum VCAM-1 and sE-selectin levels in patients with coronary heart diseaser. Methods Fifty-eight patients with coronary heart disease were enrolled in this study from September 2014 to June 2015. According to the different treatment methods, 40 patients were treated with conventional western medicine. The observation group of 40 cases were treated with conventional western medicine and Guizhi licorice soup. The effects of cardiac function, 6-minute walking test, cardiac parameters and serum sE-Selectin and ICAM-1 levels were observed. Results Observation group of patients with cardiac ultrasound parameters LVEF (43.27 ± 5.21)%, LVEDd (59.34 ± 5.43) mm, FS (26.32 ± 1.63)%, E / A (1.23 ± 0.22) and 6 min walking distance were better than those of the control group (t=2.3628,P =0.0206;t=2.4643,P=0.0159;t=2.7831,P =0.0068;t=2.5023,P =0.0144;t=3.7571,P =0.0006). The markedly effective rate was 47.50%, which was higher than that of the control group (25.00%), and there was significant difference (χ2 = 4.3813, P= 0.0363). In the observation group, 4 patients were ineffective and the inefficiency rate was 10.00%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (χ2 = 4.0205,P= 0.0450). The levels of TC (5.21 ± 0.82) mmol / L, TG (1.22 ± 0.32) mmol / L and LDL-C (2.44 ± 0.52) mmol / L were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group (t= 3.2729, P = 0.0016; t= 3.5119, P = 0.0007; t= 3.5136, P= 0.0007). While the HDL-C (1.21 ± 0.17) mmol / L index was higher than that of the control group (t = 5.4575, P = 0.0000). There was no significant difference in serum index between the two groups before treatment . After treatment, the serum sE-Selectin (75.58 ± 9.97) ng / mL and VCAM-1 (662.43 ± 65.78) ng / mL were lower than those in the control group (t = 3.4082, P = 0.0010;t = 3.3088, P = 0.0014). Conclusion Treatment of CHF patients with CRT / CRT-D pacemaker implantation in the heart after surgery can effectively improve its clinical condition, and the effect is outstanding, side effects, and CRT-D better effect.

Objective To sum up the clinical experience of treating thoracolumbar fractures with Scofix system and transpedicular bone graft. Methods 62 consecutive patients with thoracolumbar fracture were treated operatively with reduction and stabilization by Scofix system combined with vertebral fusion via transpedicular bone grafting. Results 62 patients were followed up. Their postoperative radiographs and CT scans showed that more than 90%of the cases gained reduction, the effective diameters of vertebral canal became normal and the mean time of vertebral fusion was about 3 months. Conclusions Scofix system is effective in reduction and fixation for thoracolumbar fractures, and transpedicular bone graft is helpful in restoring the height of vertebral body and increasing vertebral fusion. The procedure also has advantages of preventing vertebral collapse, reducing nerve injury and facilitating functional recovery.