Objective To study the effectiveness of limited decompression ,fixation and fusion on the patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis .Methods 92 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis were ran-domly divided into two groups,the observation group(n=46 cases) who were operated through limited decompres-sion,fixation and fusion,and the control group(n=46 cases) who were operated through the lamina resection decom-pression and internal fixation and interbody fusion .Two groups were observed about surgery time ,blood loss and length of hospital stay.Follow-up for 6 months,the two groups of JOA score was compared.Results In the observation group,operative time,blood loss and length of hospital stay were shorter than that of the control group ( t=6.092, 7.114,3.714,all P<0.05).The average follow-up of six months,the two groups of preoperative JOA score and VAS scores were not significantly different (all P>0.05).After 1 month,3 months after operation,the JOA score was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group (t=0.810,0.901,P>0.05).JOA score in the observation group after 6 monthe of operation was higher (t=4.014,P<0.05).After 6 months,excellent rates were 78.3%in the observation group and 67.4%in the control group .The observation group was significantly higher than the control group (χ2 =7.210,P<0.05).Conclusion Limited decompression,fixation and fusion had a low trauma and significant effect for patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis .

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of 2, 3, 5, 4'-teterahydroxystibene-2-O-?-D-glucoside in Yangyan Pills. Methods HPLC was carried out on a C18 column, using mobile phase of acetonitril-water(25 ∶ 75), and detection wavelength was 320nm. Results The 2, 3, 5, 4'-teterahydroxystibene-2-O-?-D-glucoside sample showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.05～ 0.40 mg/mL, r=0.999 9. The average recovery was 99.7 % (n=9), and RSD was 0.31 % (n=9). Conclusion The method was simple, available and accurate.

Objective To study effects of bitter almond on interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in old rats with slow-transit constipation (STC) and analyze mechanism of the gut purge of bitter almond.Methods Forty-five old SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group,model control group,bitter almond-treated group randomly (n=15,each).Compound phenanthroline was used to build the model of STC model.The bitter almond-treated group was given with bitter almond apozem,the other two groups were given with the same amount of saline.After 10 days,the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine were measured and specimens were taken.The ICC changes in terms of the number and distribution were observed by immunohistochemical method.The protein and mRNA expressions of c-kit in ICC were measured by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared with blank control group [(68.6 ± 6.0) ％,the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine in model control group[(47.7±± 1.7)％]were declined (P＜ 0.01).The areas of c-kit positive cell in colon were declined[(638.0 ± 23.5) μm2 vs.(723.7 ± 30.8)μm2]in model vs.blank control (P＜0.05).The mRNA expression of c-kit gene in ICC was declined [(0.3±0.1) vs.(1.0±0.1)] (P＜0.05),the expression of c-kit protein in ICC were declined[(0.2±0.2) vs.(0.5±0.2)] (P＜0.05).Compared with model control group[(47.7± 1.7)％],the carbon powder propulsion rates in the intestine in bitter almond group were increased[(63.4± 3.3)％ vs.] (P ＜0.01).The mRNA expression of c-kit gene in ICC were increased in bitter almond group (0.9 ±0.2) vs model control group[[(0.3±0.1)] (P＜ 0.01).The expression of c-kit protein in ICC were increased in bitter almond group[(0.5±0.3) vs.in model control 0.2±0.2)] (P＜0.01).Conclusions The bitter almond can promote the expression of c-kit mRNA and protein in colonic tissue of old STC rat interstitial and repair a fraction of ICC of STC rat interstitial,which promote intestinal peristalsis in slow-transit constipation rats.

Objective　To investigate the effects of leptin on steroidogenesis of human luteinized granulosa cell in vitro. Methods　Human luteinized granulosa cells were isolated from follicular fluid obtained during oocyte retrieval of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program and were cultured with M199 medium plus various concentration of leptin (0, 10, 30, 100, 300 ng/ml)，human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG, 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 IU/ml) and testosterone 100 μg/ml. For 2 days the media were collected for estradiol and progesterone measurements. Results　Addition of leptin alone did not alter estradiol and progesterone production (P>0.05) by human luteinized granulosa cells. Leptin of 10～30 ng/ml concentrations caused a dose-dependent inhibition of estradiol production (P<0.05) while greater than 0.5 IU/ml of hMG were added. There was no effect of leptin on hMG -stimulated progesterone production (P>0.05). Conclusion　Leptin can directly inhibit hMG-stimulated estradiol production by human luteinized granulosa cells in vitro, but has no effect on progesterone production. Leptin may play an important role in follicle development and luteinization.

BACKGROUND: Stem cells, cells with special function in animals and humans, exist in various tissues. Most of stem cells differentiate into special tissue organs and some of them remain in the status of stem cells for tissue repair. Mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted to burn wounds in some researches for inducing the proliferation and activation of skin stem cells so as to cure burn.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of stem cell culture medium cultured in vitro instilled locally into the severely traumatic skin in guinea pigs on healing time and healing degree of the wound.DESIGN: Random grouping and blank control trial.SETTING: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University.MATERIALS: Totally 14 adult healthy guinea pigs of either gender weighing 300 to 350 g were recruited.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Jilin University, from March to September 2003. Ten guinea pigs were put to death by bloodletting on the neck. The bone marrow was extracted and cultured in unicellular supematant fluid for use. The 14 guinea pigs were made into models of bilateral severe skin trauma.Ten of the guinea pigs were chosen randomly, stem cell culture was instilled into one side of the animals (stem cell group), while the culture medium was instilled into the other side of the animals (culture medium group). The remaining 4 guinea pigs that received no treatment were blank control group.Three days later, transparent lucite was put on the wound every other day for drawing the shape and observing the wound. After the shape was copied onto the transparent lucite, the wound area was worked out on the rectangular coordinate paper and the speed of wound healing was calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gross observation was performed on the healing status of the wound and average healing time and speed of the guinea pigs in each group.wound healing status of the guinea pigs in each group: At day 3, the wound in stem cell group was dry without obvious exudation. There was a layer of membrane at the bottom of the wound and it stuck to the pledget closely so that the dressing could not easily be removed. The wound status in the culture medium was practically the same as that of the stem cells, but no membrane-ike material was formed and the dressing was easily removed. Inflammation appeared obviously in blank control group.nificantly less in stem cell group than in culture medium group and blank control group [(12.45±2.18) days vs (26.29±1.38) days and ＞ 30It was obviously faster in stem cell group than in culture medium group and blank control group [(40.42±2.14) mm2 per day vs (15.53±5.22) mm2 per day and(10.27±4.57) mm2 per day,P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: The stem cells of homologous animals were instilled on the skin surface to repair injury wound. Stem cells can grow on the wound and transform into skin cells, which promotes the recovery of wounded skin. Therefore, it is feasible to treat severe skin defect with stem cells.

Objective This report investigate the intervention effect of the water extract of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruit (AOF)on memory impairment and the mechanism in cerebral ischemia rats. Methods 48 Rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group(n=12), ischemia group(n=12), AOF group Ⅰ( n= 12)and AOF group Ⅱ (n= 12). The model of transient cerebral ischemic/reperfusion was made by bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries in rats and combination with reducing blood pressure with an abdominal injection of so-dium nitroprusside. Learning-memory ability was observed by step through test. The content of NO and the activi-ties of NOS were measured in hippocampus. Results In step through test,the latency in ischemia group[(143.8±65.2)s]significantly decreased, the number of errors (8.9±4.2 ) significantly increased compared with sham-operated group [latency: (257.2±67.1 ) s; number of errors: (1.7±1.1 ), P<0.01 ]. The latency in AOF group Ⅰ and AOF group Ⅱ[(186.5±46.2) s, (193.4±43.7 ) s ] significantly increased, the number of errors (6.1±2.9,5.2±2.1 ) significantly decreased compared with ischemia group(P<0.05, P<0.01). In hippocampus, the content of NO and the activities of NOS in ischemia group [(56.53±27.42) nmol/mg prot, (17.23±5.64) nmol/mg prot] significantly increased compared with sham-operated group[ (40.02±17.9 ) nmol/mg prot, ( 10.46±6.15)nmol/mg prot], and in AOF group Ⅰ and AOF group Ⅱ [content of NO:group Ⅰ (46.60 ±20. 26)nmol/mg prot,group Ⅱ (42.38±21.23) nmol/mg prot ;activities of NOS:group Ⅰ (13.98±5.13 ) nmol/mg pint,group Ⅱ(13.61±5.27) nmol/mg prot] significantly decreased compared with ischemia group(P<0.05). Conclu-sion AOF could significantly ameliorate the memory impairment in cerebral ischemic rats. Its effects may be in-volved in the decrease of content of NO and activities of NOS in hippocampus.

Medial collateral ligament injury is the most common injury of the knee ligament. Most patients with conservative treatment can achieve preinjury activity level. Nonetheless,it's necessary to eval-uate the severity of the injury and judge the best time and details for surgery as serious injury of the medial collateral ligament will cause chronic knee stability and accelerate its degeneration. This paper summarizes the current status of diagnosis and treatment for medial collateral ligament injury of the knee,aiming to pro-vide guidance for dealing with this lesion.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)is a non-coding RNA which lacks a complete open reading frame (ORF)and plays an important role in biological processes such as cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis. At present,expression of lncRNA has been found to be abnormal in inflammatory reaction and inflammatory diseases. It might be involved in the development and progression of inflammatory diseases via regulating the expression of multiple genes and activation of signaling pathways. This article reviewed the progress in study on relationship between lncRNA and inflammatory diseases.

[Objective] To observe the therapeutic effect of wind-dispersing and cold-dispelling, blood-activating and stasis-removing therapy for cold-type urticaria and to explore its possible mechamism. [Methods] Sixty-six cases were allocated to two groups by a simple random sampling method. Group A ( n = 36) was treated with wind-dispersing and cold-dispelling, blood-activating and stasis-removing herbal medicine including Herba Ephedrae, Ramulus Cinnamomi, Herba Schizonepetae, Radix Saposhnikoviae, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, Fructus Jujubae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Caulis Spatholobi, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, etc. Group B (n =30) was treated with cetirizine hydrochloride tablets. The two groups were treated for two 20-day courses. One week after treatment, the therapeutic effect and the changes of hemorheological parameters before and after treatment were observed and compared with those in 38 healthy volunteers. [Results] The total effective rate was 80.6% in group A and 63.3% in group B, the difference being significant ( P 0.05) . [ Conclusion] Wind-dispersing and cold-dispelling, blood-activating and stasis-removing therapy is an important method for cold-type urticaria and the selected herbal medicines are effective. Its therapeutic mechanism may be related to the improvement of hemorheological parameters.

AIM:To explore the extraction mechanism of the separation-purification of baicalin in aqueous two-phase systems. METHODS:By experiment,nonionic surfactant PEG-K_2PHO_4-H_2O two aqueous phase system was selected to phase-forming conditions,and the effect of temperature,pH,salt composition on partition of baicalin PEG/salt system. RESULTS:The extraction rate of baicalin in aqueous two-phase system was up to 98.6%. CONCLUSION:The two aqueous phase system for baicalin extraction is easy to operate has good reproductivity,and can be applied in mass production.