Objective To study the effects of overdose fluoride on blood lipid and hemorheology in rabbits and the protective effect of selenium. Methods Twenty male rabbits were divided into 4 groups: normal group,fluorine group(100 mg/L),selenium group(1 mg/L) and selenium (1 mg/L) plus fluorine (100 mg/L) group. After 6 months of treatment,whole blood rheology,blood serum TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,SOD activity,GSH-Px activity,the content of MDA were determined. Results The whole blood rheology of rabbit in fluorine group was abnormal. Compared with the normal group,significant increase of blood serum TC,HDL-C,LDL-C was seen,decrease of SOD activity and GSH-Px activity and increase of the content of MDA in fluorine group was found. The results of selenium plus fluorine group was more close to the normal group compared with fluorine group. Conclusion Fluorosis can induce hemorheology and lipid metabolism disorder and decrease the capacity of antioxidase and moderate selenium intake may have some protective effect.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD) model of Nisoldipine controlled-release patches(NCRP)in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR). METHODS:SHR were randomized into a patch(NCRP)group and a tablet(Nisoldipine tablets)group,with 6 rats in each group. The microdialysis probes were implanted in SHR. Each rat was given 5 mg nisoldipine. Plasma microdialysate was collected within 36 h after administration. HPLC was adopted to determine the plasma concentration of nisoldipine,and WinNonlin 5.3 was employed to calculate Pharmacokinetic parameters. With heart rate and blood pressure as pharmacodynamic indexes,PK-PD model study was conducted. RESULTS:Vs. nisoldipine tablets,NCRP has con-trolled release effect. The relationship between NCRP drug effect and effect-site concentration met the Sigmoid-Emax model. The main parameters of the PK-PD model for heart rate and systolic blood pressure were as follows as Emax of (2.65 ± 0.06) and (10.71 ± 0.87),EC50 of (83.65 ± 35.25) and (1.29 ± 0.26) ng/ml,γ of (0.83 ± 0.91) and (1.2 ± 0.35),Keo of (0.37 ± 0.53) and (0.91±0.24)h-1. CONCLUSIONS:PK-PD model of NCRP in SHR has been established successfully.

Objective To guide the implementation of home enteral nutrition (EN) for outpatients with Crohn's disease, and to observe its effect.Methods In this observational study, 26 patients at active period of Crohn's disease were collected between April 2014 and June 2015 in the clinic of Clinical Nutrition Center of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command.Home EN combined with medication was administered.The nutritional status, Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and quality of life before and after EN were compared.Results After home EN therapy, body mass index (BMI) of the patients increased from (17.7 ± 2.1) kg/m2 to (19.8 ± 2.0) kg/m2 (P ＜ 0.001), proportion of lymphocytes from (0.216 ± 0.066) to (0.305 ± 0.106) (P =0.007), albumin level from (40.3 ± 5.9) g/L to (43.7 ± 5.4) g/L (P =0.038), prealbumin from (233.1 ± 71.5) mg/L to (306.0 ± 72.1) mg/L (P =0.009), and transferrin from (2.7 ± 0.6) g/L to (3.1 ±0.7) g/L (P =0.038).In the indicators reflecting the activity of Crohn's disease, CDAI declined from 197.0 ±55.8 to 113.2 ±33.4 (P ＜0.001) after EN, C-reactive protein from 28.50 (18.00-32.80) mg/L to 2.00 (0.58-6.33) mg/L (P ＜0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate from (29.6 ± 9.9) mm/h to (9.4 ± 7.6) mm/h (P ＜ 0.001).The patient's disease activity scores and inflammatory reaction indexes all reached the normal levels after EN, show that the patients were in remission stage.In inflammatory bowel disease quality of life score, the score of intestinal symptoms rose from 41.2 ± 13.3 to 57.0 ±9.6 (P ＜ 0.001), the score of systemic symptom from 20.7 ± 5.5 to 28.9 ± 4.2 (P ＜ 0.001), emotional ability from 43.6±16.1 to 61.0 ± 15.9 (P=0.002), and social ability from 20.6 ±4.9 to 28.4 ±5.6 (P＜0.001), all showing statistical significance.Conclusions Standardized home enteral nutrition in patients at active period of Crohn's disease, when implemented under professional guidance of nutritional support team and well followed up, may improve nutritional status, induce remission, and improved quality of life.

Objective To study the effect of gauzes with composite lysozyme on chemotherapeutic phlebitis. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with chemotherapeutic phlebitis were equally randomized into the experiment group and control group with radom digit tade. The experiment group was treated by hydropathic compress with gauzes with composite lysozyme on the affected parts, while the control group was treated by hydropathci compress with 50%magnesium sulfate solution. The therapeutic effects after 1 week were compared between the two groups . Results The effective rate of the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The average time for the treatment was significantly shorter than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The effect of composite lysozyme for hydropathic compress in the treatment of chemotherapeutic phlebitis is better than that of 50%magnesium sulfate. It is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

To observe the protective effects of echinacoside on rotenone-induced damages in rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term proton pump inhibitor on osteoporosis in elderly patients.Methods A total of 150 patients with peptic ulcer treated in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2015 were selected as the observation group.150 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The age,height,body weight and PPI time of the two groups were recorded.The changes of bone mineral density before and after treatment were measured by bone mineral density analyzer,ineluding lumbar L1-4,radial density and ulna density.The changes of bone mineral density were observed and recorded in the observation group before treatment,six months,1 year and 2 years after treatment.Results After treatment,the levels of gastrin were significantly increased in the observation group,and the serum calcium concentration and bone mineral density were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The density of lumbar vertebrae,radius and ulna was significantly lower in observation group than those of control group (P＜0.05).With the prolongation of PPIs,lumbar vertebrae,radius and ulna density in observation group showed a decreasing trend.Conclusion Long-term application of proton pump inhibitors in elderly patients can cause bone loss.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: For the present study, we investigated the factors that influence the quality of standardized treatment for patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) to improve the quality of PCAS treatment. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We collected data on patients with cardiac arrest (CA) who were admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of 11 hospitals-Class II Grade A or above-in Suzhou from January to October 2013. Indexes of standardized treatment were observed within 72 hrs of CA. We analyzed monitoring techniques, monitoring frequency, ICU human and material resources, and intensivists' knowledge of PCAS treatment to explore how those factors affected the management of patients with PCAS. RESULTS: The bed/nurse ratio and the frequency with which core temperature was recorded correlated closely with the implementation of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) within 6 hrs of CA. The bed/doctor ratio and intensivists' knowledge about PCAS correlated closely with high-quality blood glucose control within 6 hrs of CA. Furthermore, the frequency with which core temperature was recorded was an independent factor influencing the quality of TH implementation, and the number times blood gas was analyzed was an independent factor influencing how well partial pressure of carbon dioxide was kept within the normal range in the 6 hrs after CA. CONCLUSION: The frequency of core temperature measurements and the number of times blood gas is analyzed are the most important factors influencing the quality of standardized treatment for patients with PCAS.
Blood Glucose ; Carbon Dioxide ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced ; Intensive Care Units ; Partial Pressure ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Reference Values

Objective To investigate the effects of the distribution characteristics of cerebral artery stenosis and the associated risk factors in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods The demographic data and vascular risk factors in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease who performed aortic arch and cerebral angiography were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into intracranial lesion,extracranial lesion and extra-and intracranial lesion groups according to the lesion sites.The demographic data and vascular risk factors in all groups were compared.Results A total of 1272 patients were enrolled,and 1028 (80.8％) had cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion,in which 342 (33.3％) were intracranial lesions,330(32.1％) were extracranial lesions,and 356 (34.6％) were extra-and intracranial lesions.The mean age of the intracranial lesion group was significantly lower than that of the other 2 groups (F =41.995,P =0.000).There were significant differences in the constituent ratios of sex (x2 =10.602,P =0.005),hypertension (x2 =11.316,P =0.003),and diabetes (x2 =13.465,P =0.001) among all groups.There were significant differences in the distribution of extra-and intracranial artery stenosis among different age groups (P =0.001).Intracranial lesions were mainly in the youth and middle-aged groups,and extra-and intracranial lesions in the old age group were more common.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,hypertension,diabetes and history of transient ischemic attack were associated with the simple intracranial lesions and extra-and intracranial lesions,and the simple extracranial lesions were only associated with advanced age and hypertension.The 1028 patients with vascular stenosis or occlusion affected 2732 vessels,including 1759 vessels (64.4％) in anterior circulation and 973 (35.6％) in posterior circulation.The mild,moderate and severe stenosis in anterior circulation were most common in extracranial internal carotid artery,and the occlusion was most common in middle cerebral artery.The various degrees of lesions in posterior circulation were most common in extracranial internal carotid artery.Conclusions There were significant differences in patients with cerebrovascular lesions at different sites in sex,age,as well as in the incidences of hypertension and diabetes.Age,hypertension,diabetes and the history of transient ischemic attack were the independent predictive factors for the distribution of cerebral atherosclerotic lesions.

Objective To evaluate clinical remission in patients with small bowel Crohn's disease (SBCD) who have received infliximab(IFX) therapy and to evaluate capsule endoscopy combined with ileocolonoscopy for mucosal healing at 14th week of IFX therapy.Methods Clinical data of 23 SBCD patients who received IFX were retrospectively analyzed.Laboratory indices [routine blood tests,C-reactive protein (CRP)and albumin],Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI),Lewis score (LS),Crohn's disease simplified endoscopic score (SES-CD),side effects and complications were compared before IFX treatment and at 14th week of IFX therapy.Results In 23 SBCD patients,both CDAI and CRP levels significantly decreased (P＜0.01) while body mass index (BMI) and albumin levels increased at 14th week (P＜0.05),compared with those before treatment.The clinical remission rate at 14th week was 91.3％ (21/23).There were 8/23 (34.8％)SBCD patients achieving mucosal healing in small bowel,12/21 (57.1％) in terminal ileum and colon,and 7/21 (33.3％) in both small bowel and colon.Twelve patients achieved both clinical remission and biochemical remission at 14th week and all of them achieved mucosal healing in both terminal ileum and colon (SES-CD ≤ 2).However,there were 5 (41.7％) of them still with small bowel inflammation (LS＞ 135).Conclusion IFX plays a role in promoting clinical remission and mucosal healing in SBCD patients.Mucosal healing of CD patients in terminal ileum and other parts of small intestine are not synchronized.For CD patients with small bowel and colon involved,the evaluation of the whole gastrointestinal tract by capsule endoscopy combined with ileocolonoscopy is recommended on condition that they have no intestinal obstruction or severe stricture.

Objective Albumin is well known to decrease in response to sepsis, However, the.degradation and distribution in patients with severe sepsis to explore the mechanism of hypoalbuminemia in sepsis. Methods 10 volunteers and 10 patients with severe sepsis. 125I labeled albumin was administered intravenously to 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with severe sepsis. Each subject had frequent blood samples taken at 0,1,2,4,8,12,24 hours and on day 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, 22, 25 to measure 125I concentration and draw the curve of concentration over time. Plasma was regarded as the central pool and body fluid as side pool, The curve of albumin concentration vs time was expected to follow two compartment model. Results Radioactivity of blood samples was counted and the results were graphically expressed. The half-life time(t1/2), apparent volume of distribution(Vd) and transportation rate(K12) of albumin from the central pool to the side pool were calculated. The half-life time in sepsis was obviously shorter than that in control group (8.2 1.4 vs 12.5 1.7days, P<0.001). The transportation rate in sepsis group was quicklier than that in control group [(4.4±1.9)× 10-2/h vs (2.4±0.6)×10-2/h, P<0.005]. There was no significant difference in apparent volume of distribution between two groups. Conclusions In patients with severe sepsis, the distribution rate of albumin from plasma to body fluid was obviously elevated and the decomposition rate of albumin was markedly increased.