Objective To solve the problem that traditional electronic medical records(EMR) system could not be extended to patients' bedside because of the wired network connection restrictions.Methods Based on wireless transmission and data synchronization technologies in PDA,a mobile nursing station was developed.Results Such functions were realized as patient identity verification,implementation of doctor's orders and vital signs collection beside patients' bed.Conclusion Technical support is provided for closing EMR information chain and improving medical quality.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2008,29(2):53-54]

In order to adapt to the training target of medical laboratory technology professionals under the condition of five to four educational system,we reformed the experimental teaching of medical laboratory technology.The experiment teaching was divided three phases (traditional classroom teaching + simulated clinical laboratory training + clinical laboratory teaching).Classroom teaching focused on the cultivation of students' basic skills test;simulation laboratory training focused on strengthening the students' operating skills and basic post ability and professional quality;hospital laboratory teaching focused on strengthening the students' ability of medical laboratory management,test comprehensive analysis and scientific research.The reform practice of two sessions of the students showed that the students' examination skills and comprehensive quality improved significantly,which could better adapt to the social demand for technical personnel.

Objective To investigate the effects of IL-12 coexpression level on antigen expression and immune responses induced by HBsAg DNA vaccination. Methods DNA vaccine plasmid pHBV carrying codon-optimized preS2-S gene of reference sequence CHN-HBV07-C in China was constructed. Three DNA vaccine plasmids pHBV-12i, pHBV-12l and pHBV-12h were also constructed by subcloning three different IL-12 expression cassettes with various expression strengths to plasmid pHBV, respectively. Expression levels of IL-12 and HBsAg in vaccine plasmid-tranfected 293T cells were measured by quantitative ELISA. DNA vaccines were administered intramuscularly to BALB/c mice and HBsAg-specific cellular immune responses were determined by IFN-γ ELISPOT. HBsAg-specific antibodies were tested by Chemiluminescence Quantitative Immunoassay. Results The HBsAg expression level in 293T cells was 70 ng/ml when transfected by plasmid pHBV without IL-12 expression cassette, and the HBsAg level was 18 ng/ml when transfected by plasmid pHBV-12l carrying low-level IL-12 expression cassette, whereas the HBsAg level was only 6 ng/ml when transfected by plasmid pHBV-12h carrying high-level IL-12 expression cassette.Results of DNA vaccination revealed that HBsAg-specific humoral and cellular immune responses were significantly decreased in mice administering vaccine pHBV-12h carrying high-level IL-12 expression cassette. Although HBsAg-specific antibody responses in mice inoculated with pHBV-12l were also decreased when compared with those in pHBV-vaccinated mice without IL-12 expression, the HBsAg-specific cellular immune responses were significantly increased. Conclusion High-level coexpression of IL-12 may suppress the expression of HBsAg, Whereas modest coexpression of IL-12 significantly enhanced the HBsAg-specific T cell responses induced by DNA vaccination. Therefore, it is so important to balance the expression between adjuvant and antigen to enhance the immune response.

Objective To assess the disease burden for gynecological disease in China in 2016. Methods Data were extracted from the global burden of disease study 2016(GBD 2016). The burden of gynecological disease among age groups and provinces groups was assessed by prevalence rate, mortality rate, years lived with disability (YLD), years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLL) and disability-adjusted life years(DALY). An average world population age-structure for the period 2010-2035 was adopted to calculate age-standardized rates. Results In 2016, the prevalence rate of gynecological disease in women aged 15 years and above in China was 24.94%, of which was 36.71%to women of childbearing age. The number of DALY from gynecological disease was 2727637.82 life years in 2016, with the DALY rate was 411.12/100000 and standardized DALY rate was 341.80/100000. The first three gynecological diseases with highest DALY and DALY rate among Chinese women aged ≥15 years were premenstrual syndrome(815004.64 life years, 122.84/100000), uterine fibroids(281976.67 life years, 42.5/100000) and endometriosis (154792.89 life years, 23.33/100000). The DALY caused by gynecological disease in Guangdong (220871.19 life years), Shandong (190968.72 life years), Henan (171273.92 life years), Jiangsu(168404.27 life years)and Sichuan(144358.5 life years)were higher than other provinces. The standardized DALY rate attributable to gynecological disease were highest in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(404.00/100000), Shanghai(394.90/100000), Heilongjiang(382.00/100000), Beijing(365.70/100000)and Jiangsu (357.50/100000). Conclusions Gynecological disease is a great threat to women' s reproductive health. Effective measures should be taken to address the issue, especially to women of childbearing age.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of premature birth on long term cardio-cerebral vascular events of puerpera.

METHODSAmbispective cohort study method was used and 3 659 pregnant women giving birth during October 1976 to December 2008 at Kailuan medical group were included and divided into premature birth (PTB) group (n = 226) and non-PTB (NPTB) group (n = 3 433) by the history of PTB. Incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular events (myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage) was obtained during follow-up. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models was used to assess the relative risk of cardio-cerebral vascular events.

RESULTS(1) The childbearing age, proportion of pregnancy-induced hypertension, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure before delivery were significantly higher while weight and height of newborn were significantly less in PTB group than in NPTB group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). (2) There were 71 cardio-cerebral vascular events during the follow-up of (15.19 ± 7.75) years. In PTB group, the incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular events and myocardial infarction was 3.23/1 000 person-years and 2.05/1 000 person-years, respectively, while the corresponding incidence was 1.15/1 000 person-years and 0.42/1 000 person-years, respectively in NPTB group (all P < 0.05). After adjustment for other traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the risk of total cardio-cerebral vascular events, myocardial infarction in PTB group was 2.03 fold (95% CI: 1.02-4.04, P = 0.002) and 3.11 fold (95% CI: 1.18-8.18, P < 0.001) higher than in NPTB group.

CONCLUSIONPTB is an independent risk factor for total cardio-cerebral vascular events, especially myocardial infarction of puerpera.

Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Incidence ; Myocardial Infarction ; epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk Factors ; Stroke

Objective To investigate the impact of different levels of systolic blood pressure on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV). Methods A total of 5 852 participants was selected with stratified random sampling from the 101 510 workers of Tangshan Kaiuan Company who had undergone a physical check-up program. 5 222 of them with integral data were recruited into this survey. According to SBP collected during the 2010-2011 health examination program,the population under observation was divided into four groups:optimal SBP(SBP<120 mmHg),high-normal blood pressure Ⅰ period(120 mmHg≤SBP<130 mmHg),high-normal blood pressure Ⅱ period (130 mmHg≤SBP<140 mmHg)and hypertension(SBP≥140 mmHg or SBP<140 mmHg but antihypertensive drug user). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of different levels of systolic blood pressure on baPWV. Results 1)There were 3 132 males and 2 090 females in all the 5 222 participants with an average age of 55.1 years old. Their mean of baPWV was(1 587.57±400.71)cm/s,with the detection rates as 62%(baPWV≥1 400 cm/s). 2)The means of baPWV for the above groups of SBP were 1 322.19,1 456.27,1 544.78 and 1 827.77 cm/s, respectively,with detection rates of baPWV≥1 400 cm/s as 26.4%,49.3%,64.2% and 88.3%, respectively. 3)Results from the Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that β of SBP was 0.40,only ranking second,on age(0.48). 4)Data from the Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age,gender and other risk factors,when compared to optimal SBP,factors as high-normal blood pressure Ⅰ period、high-normal blood pressure Ⅱ period and hypertension were risk factors for increasing baPWV,with OR values as 2.70(95%CI:2.20-3.32),4.56(95%CI:3.67-5.67)and 13.51(95%CI:10.87-16.78),respectively. Conclusion Higher SBP seemed an independent risk factor for the increase of baPWV.

Objective To investigate the impact of premature birth on long term cardio-cerebral vascular events of puerpera.Methods Ambispective cohort study method was used and 3 659 pregnant women giving birth during October 1976 to December 2008 at Kailuan medical group were included and divided into premature birth(PTB) group (n=226) and non-PTB(NPTB) group (n=3 433) by the history of PTB.Incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular events ( myocardial infarction , cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage ) was obtained during follow-up.Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models was used to assess the relative risk of cardio-cerebral vascular events.Results ( 1 ) The childbearing age , proportion of pregnancy-induced hypertension , systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure before delivery were significantly higher while weight and height of newborn were significantly less in PTB group than in NPTB group ( P<0.05 or 0.01 ).( 2 ) There were 71 cardio-cerebral vascular events during the follow-up of (15.19 ±7.75) years.In PTB group, the incidence of cardio-cerebral vascular events and myocardial infarction was 3.23/1 000 person-years and 2.05/1 000 person-years, respectively, while the corresponding incidence was 1.15/1 000 person-years and 0.42/1 000 person-years, respectively in NPTB group( all P <0.05 ).After adjustment for other traditional cardiovascular risk factors , the risk of total cardio-cerebral vascular events, myocardial infarction in PTB group was 2.03 fold(95%CI:1.02-4.04, P=0.002) and 3.11 fold ( 95%CI: 1.18 -8.18, P <0.001 ) higher than in NPTB group.Conclusion PTB is an independent risk factor for total cardio-cerebral vascular events , especially myocardial infarction of puerpera.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of different levels of systolic blood pressure on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).

METHODSA total of 5 852 participants was selected with stratified random sampling from the 101 510 workers of Tangshan Kailuan Company who had undergone a physical check-up program. 5 222 of them with integral data were recruited into this survey. According to SBP collected during the 2010-2011 health examination program, the population under observation was divided into four groups:optimal SBP(SBP < 120 mmHg), high-normal blood pressure I period (120 mmHg ≤ SBP < 130 mmHg), high-normal blood pressure II period (130 mmHg ≤ SBP < 140 mmHg)and hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or SBP < 140 mmHg but antihypertensive drug user). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of different levels of systolic blood pressure on baPWV.

RESULTS1) There were 3 132 males and 2 090 females in all the 5 222 participants with an average age of 55.1 years old. Their mean of baPWV was (1 587.57 ± 400.71) cm/s, with the detection rates as 62% (baPWV ≥ 1 400 cm/s). 2)The means of baPWV for the above groups of SBP were 1 322.19, 1 456.27, 1 544.78 and 1 827.77 cm/s, respectively, with detection rates of baPWV ≥ 1 400 cm/s as 26.4% , 49.3% , 64.2% and 88.3% , respectively. 3) Results from the Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that β of SBP was 0.40, only ranking second, on age (0.48). 4) Data from the Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender and other risk factors, when compared to optimal SBP, factors as high-normal blood pressure I period, high-normal blood pressure II period and hypertension were risk factors for increasing baPWV, with OR values as 2.70 (95% CI:2.20-3.32), 4.56(95% CI: 3.67-5.67) and 13.51 (95% CI:10.87-16.78), respectively.

CONCLUSIONHigher SBP seemed an independent risk factor for the increase of baPWV.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Brachial Index ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Systole

Multimorbidity is significantly associated with life quality decline, disability, and increased mortality risk. Additionally, it leads to greater consumption of healthcare resources, presenting substantial challenges to healthcare systems globally. To better assess the burden of multimorbidity, its impact on patient health outcomes and healthcare services, and to explore the underlying mechanisms in its development, this paper summarizes the existing methods used for measuring and analyzing multimorbidity in research and practice, including disease count, disease-weighted indices, multimorbidity pattern recognition (such as disease association analysis, clustering analysis, and network analysis) and longitudinal methods to provide references for the accurate assessment of the prevalence of multimorbidity and its changes and improve the validity and universality of research findings.

Objective To analyze the current situation of dietary diversity and caregiver self-efficacy for complementary feeding among infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in rural Nanchong city,Sichuan province,and to explore the relationship between dietary diversity and caregiver self-efficacy.Methods Multi-stage randomized cluster sampling method was used to select infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months and their caregivers in rural areas of Nanchong city,Sichuan province as the subjects.A structured questionnaire was designed to collect the basic information of the subjects,dietary diversity,and caregiver self-efficacy for comple-mentary feeding.Multivariate Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the relationship between the dietary diver-sity and caregiver self-efficacy for complementary feeding of infants and young children.Results A total of 770 pairs of infants and young children and their caregivers were included.The minimum pass rate of dietary diversity was 61.56% (474/770)for all the infants and young children and 45.00% (108/240),69.16% (287/415),and 68.70% (79/115)for the infants and young children aged 6 to 11,12 to 17,and 18 to 23 months,respective-ly.The results of regression analysis showed that the caregiver self-efficacy of complementary feeding was a contributing fac-tor for qualified dietary diversity of infants and young children in the case of other confounders being controlled(OR = 1.42,95% CI=1.17-1.73,P<0.001).Conclusion The dietary diversity for infants and young children in rural Nan-chong city,Sichuan province needs to be improved,and caregivers with higher self-efficacy of complementary feeding are more likely to provide diversified complementary feeding for infants and young children.