Objective To study the anatomical structure and the distribution of the right posterior sectional Glissonean pedicle so as to provide the anatomical basis for liver resection of the right posterior section.Method By studying the morphological features of the right posterior sectional Glissonean pedicle through peeling and dissecting 20 adult corpses without liver pathological.Result In 95％ of the right posterior sectional Glissonean pedicles there were shared branches.The angle between the GRL/GRA was 81.4° ± 13.8°.In 30％,the right posterior sectional Glissonean pedicle presented as a Y or a V.In a Y shaped,the angle between G6/G7 was 71 ° ±3.92°.The shapes of 70％ of the right posterior sectional Glissonean pedicle presented as a C.The number of branches at the tertiary level was between 3-8.Conclusion The distribution of the right posterior sectional of the Glissonean pedicle did not entirely fit the description of Couinaud's segments.Obvious individual differences existed.Under this circumstance,understanding the anatomy of the right posterior sectional Glissonean pedicle before carrying out partial hepatectomy would be helpful in reducing surgical risks and postoperative complications.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and clinical features of cytomegalovirus (CMV)infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Patients with SLE in Peking University Third Hospital from 2013 to 2015 and age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled.All patients were detected for CMV antibody,CMV DNA and CMV PP65 in the blood.The prevalence of CMV infection and the clinical characteristics were analyzed using Chi-square test.Results Altogether 349 SLE patients and 209 healthy controls were enrolled.In SLE group,the positive rate of CMV IgG was 90.3％ (315/349),which was similar to that of the control group,while the positive rate of CMV IgM was 8.0％ (28/349),which wassignificantly higher than controls 1.4％(3/209) (x2=10.811,P=0.001),and the active CMV infection rate was 69.1％(241/349).Those in the active phase of SLE were more likely to have active CMV infection when compared with those in remission [75.4％(93/256) vs 51.6％(48/93),x2=18.049,P＜0.01].The percentage [43.2％(104/241)] of severe patients in those with active CMV infection was much higher than that in those without CMV infection 9.2％(10/108) (x2=38.953,P＜0.01).Those SLE patients had active CMV infection were clinically more severe and the most common clinical manifestation were proteinuria/hemoturia,cytopenia and fever.Conclusion In SLE patients,the positive rate of CMV IgM is significantly higher than healthy control and the prevalence of active CMV infection is high,especially in those at active disease.Those with active CMV infection are clinically more severe but have no features of active CMV infection,which indicates that the CMV infection might be a trigger of SLE activity.

Objective:The study was aimed to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) status of newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) patients.Methods:Newly diagnosed SLE patients and healthy controls in Peking University Third Hospital from 2014 to 2018 were enrolled into this cross-sectional study. Medical records including systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI)-2000 and BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and hips measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were collected. Patients were divided into normal and low BMD groups. Parameters were compared by Student- t test, Mann-Whitney U test and χ 2 test. Results:Eighty-nine patients and 20 healthy controls were included. Approximately 52.8% of the SLE patients had low BMD. Compared to the healthy control group, the BMD of lumbar spine and hip was obviously lower than in the newly diagnosed SLE group[(0.97±0.14) g/cm 2, (1.08±0.10) g/cm 2, t=3.548, P<0.01; (0.88±0.15) g/cm 2, (1.00±0.08) g/cm 2, t=3.878, P<0.01]. The BMD of lumbar spine and hip in the low BMD group was lower than that in the normal BMD group [(0.88±0.10) g/cm 2, (0.80±0.11) g/cm 2; (1.07±0.11) g/cm 2, (0.97±0.13) g/cm 2, respectively]. Compared with the normal BMD group, the body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower [(19.2±2.0) kg/m 2, (23.2±3.6) kg/m 2 respectively, t=3.678, P<0.01], the disease duration was longer [(45.7±7.7) weeks, (16.0±19.5) weeks, respectively, t=-3.306, P<0.01). Patients with low BMD tended to have lower 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D(25-OH-VD 3) level and higher bone metabolism marker levels (Degradation products of collagen B) [(9±5) nmol/L vs (12±7) nmol/L, t=1.385, P>0.05; 0.62(0.21, 1.61) ng/ml vs 0.43(0.19, 0.88) ng/ml, Z=0.624, P>0.05], although their differences didn't reach the statistical significant difference. Conclusion:Newly diagnosed SLE patients' BMD is lower than the healthy people. About 52.8% newly diagnosed untreated SLE patients have low BMD. Lower BMI and longer disease duration are their clinical characteristics. High bone metabolism marker levels, low 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D level might have clinical significance, although the current findings do not find statistically significant difference. Large sample size is required for subsequent research analysis.

OBJECTIVETo study the repair effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) irradiating combined with guided bone regeneration (GBR) on the defect of Beagle dog canines periodontal bone.

METHODSFour canine teeth of every beagle dog (8 beagle dogs) were randomly distributed: Group 1 (LIPUS disposal + GBR+ autogenous bone graft group), group 2 (LIPUS disposal + autogenous bone graft group), group 3 (GBR + autogenous bone graft group), blank control group. The model of periodontal bone defect was established in the 1/3 part of the root buccal area. According to the group division, autogenous bone were grafted, group 1 and group 2 were disposed by LIPUS 20 min x d(-1). The intensity of ultrasound were 30 mW x cm(-2). Group 1 and group 3 were injected with Bio-Gide collagen membrane. The beagle dogs were executed at 6 and 8 weeks of the disposal of LIPUS and then Micro-CT test and analysis were conducted to periodontal bone defect area of each group.

RESULTSBy clinical observation, there were different degrees of shrinkages of the area of periodontal bone defect in each group. The Micro-CT test analysis indicated that there was a statistical difference among the number, the thickness as well as the size of bone trabecula of each group (P < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05) in terms of bone issue measurement index between 6 to B weeks of each group. Group 1 had the most new bone.

CONCLUSIONLIPUS has the potential to promote the repair of periodontal bone defect. Therefore the combination of LIPUS and GBR may be more conducive to the repair and regeneration of periodontal bone defect.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum cystatin C (CysC) and clinical and pathological features of IgA nephropathy.Methods:Four hundred and twenty-one cases of primary IgA nephropathy diagnosed by renal biopsy in Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2010 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the serum CysC level at the time of renal biopsy, the patients were divided into high serum CysC group and normal serum CysC group, and the clinical data and pathological indices of the patients were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum CysC. The clinicopathological factors related to the serum CysC level were analyzed by multiple linear regression. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the ability of serum CysC level to predict related pathological injury.Results:The age, prevalence of hypertension, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid levels of high serum CysC group were significantly higher than those of normal serum CysC group, while the eGFR level was significantly lower than that of normal serum CysC group ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum CysC was negatively correlated with eGFR ( r=-0.744, P<0.001). In terms of pathological injury, the degree of renal tubular atrophy and renal interstitial fibrosis (T) and renal arteriole wall thickening (A) in high serum CysC group were more serious than those in normal serum CysC group ( P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the prevalence of hypertension, serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, T and A were correlated with serum CysC levels (standard regression coefficient β=0.048, 0.299, 0.260, 0.134, 0.195, 0.068, respectively, P<0.05). After adding serum CysC on the basis of clinical features, the prediction efficiency of renal tubular atrophy and renal interstitial fibrosis was higher (AUC were 0.829 [95% CI 0.787-0.870], 0.847 [95% CI 0.808-0.886], P<0.05). Conclusions:Patients with older age, hypertension, poor renal function and severe pathological damage are more likely to have elevated serum CysC levels. Serum CysC was related to the prevalence of hypertension, creatinine, urea, uric acid, T and A. Combined with serum CysC level can effectively improve the ability prediction of T.

Objective:To study a deep learning-based dual-modality fundus camera which was used to study retinal blood oxygen saturation and vascular morphology changes in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Methods:A prospective study. From May to October 2020, 31 patients (31 eyes) of BRVO (BRVO group) and 20 healthy volunteers (20 eyes) with matched gender and age (control group) were included in the study. Among 31 patients (31 eyes) in BRVO group, 20 patients (20 eyes) received one intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs before, and 11 patients (11 eyes) did not receive any treatment. They were divided into treatment group and untreated group accordingly. Retinal images were collected with a dual-modality fundus camera; arterial and vein segments were segmented in the macular region of interest (MROI) using deep learning; the optical density ratio was used to calculate retinal blood oxygen saturation (SO 2) on the affected and non-involved sides of the eyes in the control group and patients in the BRVO group, and calculated the diameter, curvature, fractal dimension and density of arteriovenous in MROI. Quantitative data were compared between groups using one-way analysis of variance. Results:There was a statistically significant difference in arterial SO 2 (SO 2 -A) in the MROI between the affected eyes, the fellow eyes in the BRVO group and the control group ( F=4.925, P<0.001), but there was no difference in the venous SO 2 (SO 2-V) ( F=0.607, P=0.178). Compared with the control group, the SO 2-A in the MROI of the affected side and the non-involved side of the untreated group was increased, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=4.925, P=0.012); there was no significant difference in SO 2-V ( F=0.607, P=0.550). There was no significant difference in SO 2-A and SO 2-V in the MROI between the affected side, the non-involved side in the treatment group and the control group ( F=0.159, 1.701; P=0.854, 0.197). There was no significant difference in SO 2-A and SO 2-V in MROI between the affected side of the treatment group, the untreated group and the control group ( F=2.553, 0.265; P=0.088, 0.546). The ophthalmic artery diameter, arterial curvature, arterial fractal dimension, vein fractal dimension, arterial density, and vein density were compared in the untreated group, the treatment group, and the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=3.527, 3.322, 7.251, 26.128, 4.782, 5.612; P=0.047, 0.044, 0.002, <0.001, 0.013, 0.006); there was no significant difference in vein diameter and vein curvature ( F=2.132, 1.199; P=0.143, 0.321). Conclusion:Arterial SO 2 in BRVO patients is higher than that in healthy eyes, it decreases after anti-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs treatment, SO 2-V is unchanged.

Objective The Kellinghaus grading method was used to manually read and grade the thin-layer CT of sternal end of clavicle,and a variety of traditional statistical methods as well as machine learning methods were used to construct age estimation models for adolescents and adults in early adulthood,to explore the value of the application of machine learning technology in the study of age estimation of the Han Chinese population in Sichuan.Methods Thin-section CT images of the chest were retrospectively collected from 491 individuals aged 10～30 years,and the collected samples were assigned a reading grade with reference to the Kellinghaus grading method.10%of the xases were randomly selected as the test set,and the remaining data were used as the training set to construct a variety of traditional statistical regression models and machine learning models for estimating the age of adolescents and adults in early adulthood,and the performance of the models was evaluated by using the mean absolute error(MAE).Results The statistical regression model with the best efficacy was the cubic regression model,with an MAE value of 1.34 for males and 1.57 for females;of the three machine learning models,the Random Forest model had the best predictive efficacy for males,with an MAE value of 1.39,and the Support Vector model had the best predictive efficacy for females,with an MAE value of 1.51.Conclusion In the construction of age estimation models for sternal end of clavicle,the machine learning model has a certain improvement in the accuracy of age prediction,but there is no obvious advantage compared with the traditional statistical regression model,and the use of the machine learning method in age estimation based on sternal end of clavicle still needs further exploration.

OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for content determination of total saponins and platycodin D in Platycodon grandiflorum from Sichuan and investigate the difference of 2 indexes in P. grandiflorum from Sichuan of different cultivated years. METHODS：The content of total saponins in P. grandiflorum from Sichuan was determined by UV spectrophotometry. The content of platycodin D was determined by HPLC. The contents of total saponins and platycodin D were compared among each 10 samples of annual，biennial and triennial P. grandiflorum from Sichuan. RESULTS：Average contents of total saponins in annual，biennial and triennial P. grandiflorum from Sichuan were 2.47％ ，3.01％ ，2.47％ ，respectively；average contents of platycodin D were 0.23％，0.27％，0.33％，respectively. The contents of 2 indexes in annual P. grandiflorum from Sichuan were in relative low level， while the content total saponins in biennial P. grandiflorum from Sichuan was the highest；the content of platycodin D in triennial P. grandiflorum was the highest. CONCLUSIONS：The contents of indexes are different among P. grandiflorum from Sichuan of different cultivated years. But there is no correlation between them. It is suggested to select biennial and triennial P. grandiflorum from Sichuan.

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of poor vision and spatial distribution characteristics among primary school students in Shenzhen.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Vision screening among primary school students in Shenzhen was carried out by myopia screening hospitals organized by Shenzhen Myopia Prevention and Control Center for Children and Adolescents using the logarithmic visual acuity chart in 2019.The prevalence of poor vision in different districts, different genders and different grades was calculated.Spatial distribution of the prevalence of poor vision was analyzed with Arcgis 10.2 software.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from guardian of each subject.The study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Eye Hospital (No.20201230-06).Results:A total of 1 044 545 students received the visual acuity examination.The prevalence of poor vision among primary school students in Shenzhen in 2019 was 53.4%(557 748/1 044 545). The prevalence of poor vision among primary school students in the former Shenzhen Special Economic Zone was 56.7%(172 771/304 532), which was higher than 52.0%(384 977/740 013) in areas outside the former Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, and the prevalence of poor vision among girls was 56.7%(268 201/473 164), which was higher than 50.7%(289 547/571 381) among boys, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=192.412, 375.434; both at P<0.001). As the grade increased, the prevalence of poor vision firstly decreased and then increased, showing an increasing tendency in general.The prevalence rate of poor vision among primary school students among grade 1 to 6 was 49.8%(99 615/200 203), 44.0%(86 521/196 800), 47.2%(82 848/175 331), 54.5%(89 737/164 731), 60.8%(96 271/158 298), and 68.9%(102 756/149 182), respectively, and a significant difference was found ( χ2=2 871.017, P<0.001). The global Moran I index in Shenzhen was 0.278.The local Moran I index and Geary coefficient in Guangming District were 0.933 and 0.78, respectively.The prevalence of poor vision in Guangming District and its surrounding areas was a low-low cluster. Conclusions:The prevalence of poor vision among primary school students in Shenzhen is spatially aggregated.

Objective:The study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins and the associated mechanisms in a post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)model induced by transient foot shock.Methods:Thirty-five male C57BL/6J mice(8 weeks old)were randomly divided into three groups:Control group,PTSD group,and Exe+PTSD group.PTSD model mice were established by foot-shock and PTSD behaviors were assessed using a fear conditioning box.Iron distribution areas were detected by Fe3+staining.Western Blot analysis were performed to determine the expression level of ferroptosis-related proteins in the mice.Results:Compared to the control group,the freezing time and Fe3+distribution areas in the cortex and hippocampus were significantly increased in the mice with PTSD(P＜0.05).The levels of ferroportin1(FPN1),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)proteins were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while the expression of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)protein was significantly elevated(P＜0.05).Exercise significantly reduced freezing time and Fe3+accumulation in the cortex and hippocampus(P＜0.05),and it also up-regulated the expression of FPN1,GPX4,and BDNF proteins(P＜0.05),while down-regulating HMGB1 expression compared to the PTSD group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that PTSD induces the ferroptosis-related pathway in mice,and exercise can inhibit iron accumulation and reverse the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins induced by PTSD,there-by alleviating PTSD-like behavior in mice.