Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway for the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from nicotinamide. NAMPT is also a cytokine that inhibits the apoptosis of neutrophils under various inlfammatory stimuli, regulates various diseases and closely associates with the progression and prognosis of cancers. However, it is still not clear whether the cytokine-like function of NAMPT is interrelated with the biosynthesis enzyme activity of NAD+. This article aims to provide novel insights for inflammation and cancers treatment by reviewing the function of NAMPT in inflammation, carcinogenesis, cancer progression and its inhibitors, APO866/FK866.

Objective To study the internal atlas sphincter of rats with congenital anorectal malformations(ARM)by observing the number of the ganglion cell and the number of nerve plexus in the internal sphincter.Methods Healthy pregnant Wistar- Imammichi rats are induced to ARM by ETU.67 rats with ARM were obtained.The pelvis was continuously cut from the exactly midsagittal plane, and the slices were stained with HE to observe the number of the ganglion cell and the number of nerve plexus in the internal sphincter under microscope.Result The average number of the ganglion cell in the rats with ARM was 1.206,and the number of the nerve pluxes is 0.310.The numbers in both two groups were extremely less than that in normal rats(P＜0.05).The rats without ARM which were also dealt with ETU had no distinctness compared with the normal rats.Conclusion The pathology changes of ARM includes many ways,for example,muscles,mucosa and the nerve system.The decrease of the ganglion cell and the nerve plexus in internal sphincter is an important aspect of ARM.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Tiaoxinyin treatment for diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (DCAN);To evaluate its efficacy and safety.Methods One hundred patients of DCAN were randomly divided into experimental group (51 cases) and control group (49 cases). Both groups were given basic treatment of diet control and Metformin hydrochloride tablets orally taking. Patients in the experimental group were given Tiaoxinyin, while patients in the control group were treated with Mecobalamin tablets for 8 weeks. Changes and untoward effects in blood glucose, blood fat and heart rate variability were observed before and after treatment so as to compare the efficacy of two groups.Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was 82.35% (42/51) and the control group was 63.27% (31/49), with statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.01). The TCM scores of the two groups decreased after treatment, with statistical significance compared with those before treatment (P<0.01). The difference in TCM scores between the two groups was significance (P<0.05). The level of FBG and 2 h PG in the two groups declined (P<0.05). Heart rate variability had statistical significance compared with that before treatment (P<0.05), with statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). No obvious adverse reaction was found.Conclusion Tiaoxinyin is effective and safe in treating DCAN and can improve the heart rate variability indicators in patients.

Premium healthcare is the key area of healthcare industry and private medical institutions. Howev-er, with the expansion of VIP services in public hospitals and policy barriers to private medical institutions, the de-velopment of premium healthcare in China is still in its early stage. The premium healthcare industry has in fact be-gun to take shape in some developed countries, accumulating rich experience in the aspects of developing bases, op-erating modes and security systems. Therefore, this paper introduces the experiences of premium healthcare develop-ment in several countries:the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Singapore, Australia, and India: the building of safety net hospitals;the setting of hierarchical pricing and differential financial assistance;the use of pub-lic-private partnership based on commercial health insurance to determine prioritization. Based on the actual situation in China, this paper provides some implications to develop premium healthcare, including the implementation of dif-ferential payment policies built on the provision of basic healthcare services, the promotion of commercial health in-surance and public-private partnerships, and the determination of preferential areas.

Premium healthcare is one of the major components of private healthcare, a key part of the health service industry, and one of the significant areas of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan of health. However, there is no clear definition of premium healthcare that is widely accepted based on a Chinese literature review, and to define the concept of premium healthcare is the basis and premise for research. This paper adopted the methods of systematic re-view, field investigation and key person interviews to clarify the definition of premium healthcare and the results sug-gested that areas of health management, medical care for the elderly, mobile medical care, and so on should be the priorities of premium healthcare development.

Objective By detecting the mutations spectrum of phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH)gene in phe-nylketonuria(PKU)patients and their parents. The researchers analyzed the gene mutation features and high - frequency mutations and determined the relationship between the genotype and the phenotype,which would provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and genetic consultation of PKU children in the region. Methods In this study,13 exons and their flanking introns of the PAH gene in 32 PKU patients and their parents from Wuxi and Suqian in Jiangsu province were sequenced by using the next - generation sequencing(NGS)technology. Results Sixty - one mutant sites and 32 mutant genes were detected in 32 PKU patients,and the mutation detection rate was 95. 31%(61 / 64 cases). The variants at c. 721C ﹥ T,c. 1068C ﹥ A,c. 611A ﹥ G,c. 1197A ﹥ T,c. 728G ﹥ A,c. 331C ﹥ T and c. 442 -1G ﹥ A were common mutations in the region with mutation frequency over 5% . What's more,4 novel variants of c. 699C ﹥ G,c. 265C ﹥ T,c. 722G ﹥ A and c. 1194A ﹥ G were found. Of those,c. 699C ﹥ G was not recorded in the PAH variant database and HGMD database and. c. 265C ﹥ T,c. 722G ﹥ A,and c. 1194A ﹥ G were first reported in the Chi-nese population. Genotype - accurate biochemical phenotype correlation by using the Guldberg AV system revealed con-sistency rate of 38. 0%(8 / 21 cases),which the consistency rate between accurate biochemical phenotype and predic-tive phenotype of moderate to severe genotype was 92. 3%(12 / 13 cases),and mild genotype was 50. 0%(4 / 8 cases). Conclusions The PAH gene variants of PKU patients in Jiangsu province are distributed mainly in exons 7,of which the highest frequency gene mutation is c. 721 c ﹥ T. Moreover,one novel variant c. 699C ﹥ G was reported for the first time. The PKU children inherit the PAH mutation gene mainly from both parents. There are definite correlation between the genotypes and phenotypes.

This study was aimed to identify original plants of Xi-Huang-Cao (XHC) through DNA barcodes. The nu-cleotide sequence information of rbcL, psbA-trnH, matK and ITS2 regions were abstracted using standardized man-ners from 41 samples (including Rabdosia serra, R. lophanthoides and R. lophanthoides var. graciliflora). Sequencing efficiency of each marker was calculated. Species identification capability was tested on the basis of TaxonGap. The results showed that sequence success rates were 100% for rbcL, 90.2% for psbA-trnH, 87.8% for ITS2, and 70.7%for matK. Three markers (rbcL, psbA-trnH and ITS2) were competent for species discrimination (not for subspecies). It was concluded that rbcL can be the preferred barcode for XHC because of its convenience and efficacy.

Objective To examine the relationship between the concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25-(OH) D3] in the serum and the body mass,the severity of obesity,body mass index(BMI),blood lipid,and their predicting role in obesity children.Methods The study recruited 244 subjects,who see the doctor in Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Childhood Nutrition Outpatient from Jul.2011 to Feb.2013.The intake dose of vitamin D each day was investigated,and weight,height,BMI,concentration of 25-(OH) D3 in serum,and microelement were also measured.In addition,lipid metabolism of 38 cases with obesity over 3 years old was determined.Results 1.The serum 25-(OH) D3 concentration of obese children was (68.31 ± 23.06) nmol/L.The concentration of 25-(OH) D3 was lowest in the group of obese children over 36 months of age[(55.03 ± 15.18) nmol/L].2.The concentration of 25-(OH) D3 in the group of obese and overweight children was far lower than that of the children in the normal group (F =4.739,P ＜0.05).3.The concentrations of 25-(OH) D3 in the severely obese children was significantly lower than that of the mild and moderate obesity children(F =9.711,P ＜ 0.05).4.There were significantly inverse associations of serum 25-(OH) D3 with weight,weight and height percentage,BMI (r =-0.365,-0.237,-0.175,all P ＜ 0.001).5.There were significantly inverse associations between the concentration of 25-(OH) D3 in serum with weight,triglyceride in obese children more than 3 years old (r =0.476,-0.324,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The decreasing level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 in the serum was associated with obesity.The cause of it might be the increase of the obese adipose tissue,vitamin D getting trapped in fat cells,and all these factors can lead to a less serum vitamin D levels.The vitamin D consumption of obese children is higher than that of normal children,and should supply more vitamin D to reach normal 25-(OH) D3 level.

Objective To evaluate the quality of medicinal materials of Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae in Chinese herbal medicine market. Methods Eighteen batches of commercial medicinal materials of Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae were identified and analyzed by macroscopical identification, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and volatile oil assay according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia published in 2010. Visible spectrometry was used to determine the content of total flavonoids from the qualified samples. And the gas chromatography was applied to evaluate the content of nerolidol from volatile oils of the qualified samples. Results Only 33.3%of the samples met the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The total flavonoid content of the qualified samples was in the range of 21.6-29.0 mg/g. The content of nerolidol from volatile oils of the qualified samples was in the range of 294-574 mg/g. Conclusion At present, the quality of medicinal materials of Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae in Chinese herbal medicine market and in clinic varies greatly, and adulterants and inferior are common. The contents of chemical components in different batches of samples are significant different.

Objective:To analyze status quo and trends of VIP services in the tertiary public hospitals of Shang-hai and provide references for health administrative departments. Methods:Health policies of VIP services in tertiary public hospitals were searched and analyzed, and the number of medical institutions, services, prices and service fees were analyzed from 2011 to 2013 . Results:There is a clear demand for VIP services in the tertiary public hospi-tals of Shanghai, and fees for rooms, nursing, and examinations for outpatient and inpatient care are decided by the hospitals. 89. 7% of the tertiary public hospitals in Shanghai offered VIP services, and the trend was steadily grow-ing. The four services that could be decided by hospitals varied greatly, and the service fees for inpatient care in-creased significantly. The total cost of VIP services in the tertiary public hospitals of Shanghai accounted 6. 2% of all costs, and the percentage of income from drugs was lower. Conclusions:VIP services in public hospitals have a his-torical necessity;management should be strengthened in the short term;public hospitals should strengthen their own management and provide VIP services regularly, and health administration departments should strengthen regulation. In the long run, it is suggested that public hospitals should draw lessons from international experiences to form a pat-tern of multi-level medical services and actively carry out cooperation with private medical institutions.