BACKGROUND:The mechanism underlying orthodontic-induced external root resorption is not yet clear, and it differs individual y. Kidney deficiency has been proved to be related to bone diseases which mediated by different cytokines. Interleukin-17 is an important cytokine involved in external root resorption. So figuring out whether kidney deficiency and interleukin-17 are related to root resorption wil be helpful for etiological research.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between kidney deficiency physique, interleukin-17 and root resorption during orthodontic treatment in rats.
METHODS:Thirty-six Wistar rats were selected and equivalently randomized into two groups, fol owed by modeled into kidney deficiency (kidney deficiency group) or injected with normal saline (control group), respectively. Afterwards, the right maxil ary of each rat served as an orthodontic force model, and the left maxil ary as a non-orthodontic force model. Al rats were respectively sacrificed under general anesthesia at the 3, 7 and 14 days after given orthodontic force. Then, the mesial surface of the root of maxil ary first molars and the expression level of interleukin-17 were observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Histological observation showed that significantly increasing root resorption in a time-dependent manner could be observed, and there were various absorbed lacunae of osteoclasts on the enamel in the kidney deficiency orthodontic force group. The alveolar bone resorption and widened periodontal membrane appeared in the control orthodontic force group. While no remarkable root and alveolar bone resorptions were found in the other two non-orthodontic force groups. The expression level of interleukin-17 in the kidney deficiency orthodontic force group was higher than that in the control orthodontic force group;the expression level of interleukin-17 in the kidney deficiency non-orthodontic force group was higher than that in the control non-orthodontic force group. In conclusion, kidney deficiency patients are easy to develop root resorption, the mechanism of which is maybe relevant to the upregulation of interleukin-17.

This paper mainly introduced the research progress of ethical sensitivity of nurses from four aspects: the definition and concept of ethical sensitivity, measurement tools, influencing factors and intervention strategies, in order to provide basis for domestic scholars′ research and practice, improve the level of ethical sensitivity of nurses and effectively improve the quality of clinicalnursing service.

Objective To detect Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) multiple antibodies of urease (Ure),cytotoxin associated gene A protein (CagA),vacuolating toxin A (VacA),heat shock protein 60 (Hap60) and nitroreductase ( RdxA),and disclose their relations with chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer and gastric cancer.Methods A volume (3 ml) of venous blood was taken from 300 patients of gastroduodenal disease diagnosed by endoscopy,to centrifuge and detect antibodies of Ure,CagA,VacA,Hsp60,RdxA by protein chip technique.Results The infective rates of H.pylori in chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer,and gastric cancer were 34.0％,58.0％,34.0％ ( P ＜ 0.01 ),respectively.In the H.pylori positive chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer and gastric cancer,the positive rates of CagA antibody were 54.9％,75.9％,64.7％ ( P =0.070) ; the positive rates of VacA antibody were 31.4％,22.4％,17.6％ ( P =0.412) ;and the positive rates of Hap60 antibody were 56.9％,48.3％,41.2％ ( P =0.466),respectively.The total positive rate of RdxA antibody was 4.0％ (5/126).Conclusions H.pylori infection and virulence factor CagA are closely related to peptic ulcer,while it did not show the exact correlation between VacA,Hsp60 and gastroduodenal disease.The level of RdxA antibody can not represent the level of H.pylori resistance to metronidazole.

Objective To evaluate MRI and clinicopathological prognostic factors in predicting disease-free survival(DFS)of stage ⅢC1p cervical cancer patients.Methods A total of 102 stage ⅢC1p cervical cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment were selected.Based on survival status,stage ⅢC1p cases were divided into two subgroups:progression group and no progression group.The influencing factors of clinicopathological indexes and MRI features on prognosis in the two groups were analyzed.Results The results of the univariate analysis showed that squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC-Ag)level,T stage and location of lymph node metastasis(LNM)were correlated with the prognosis of stage ⅢC1p cervical cancer patients(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis results showed that late T stage,SCC-Ag>13 ng/mL,and LNM location≥3 were the high risk factors affecting the 3-year DFS decline in stage ⅢC1p cervical cancer patients.Conclusion SCC-Ag,T stage,and LNM location are independent risk factors for 3-year DFS in stage ⅢC1p cervical cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for strengthening the quality of pharmaceutical care in retail chain pharmacies and the professional capabilities of licensed pharmacists， and to meet the public’s pharmaceutical care needs. METHODS A combination of questionnaire survey and informant interview was used to investigate the general information of licensed pharmacists in retail chain pharmacies in Guangdong province， the implementation of pharmaceutical care， the competence and knowledge status of the surveyed licensed pharmacists， and the factors affecting the development of pharmaceutical care. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 444 questionnaires were sent out and 326 effective questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 73.42%. Among 326 surveyed licensed pharmacists， a college degree or higher accounted for 40.18%， and the pharmacy major or related accounted for 79.75%. A total of 185 （56.75%） of the surveyed licensed pharmacists indicated that the retail chain pharmacies where they worked had established specified areas of pharmaceutical care； 320 （98.16%）， 137 （42.02%） and 181 （55.52%） of the surveyed licensed pharmacists indicated that the retail chain pharmacies where they worked could provide services such as rational medication guidance for patients， decocting traditional Chinese medicines and establishing health records， etc. The self-assessment scores of the surveyed licensed pharmacists were significantly higher than 3 （median） for competence and knowledge level， but the self-assessment scores for medication therapy management competence and pharmaceutical care practice were relatively low. The surveyed licensed pharmacists believed that the main factors affecting the development of pharmaceutical care in retail chain pharmacies included patients’ lack of trust or cooperation （196， 60.12%）， sales performance requirements （170， 52.15%）， and heavy daily workload （165， 50.61%）. It is recommended that relevant authorities expedite the legislative process of the Pharmacist Law， optimize the continuing education system for licensed pharmacists， and implement a star-rating evaluation system for pharmaceutical care capabilities in pharmacies， so as to encourage retail chain pharmacies and licensed pharmacists to pursue a more specialized development path. At the same time， pharmaceutical retail chain enterprises should shift their business mindset， increase investment in pharmaceutical care， enhance the professional atmosphere in the pharmacies， optimize the compensation structure for licensed pharmacists， and elevate the pharmaceutical care capabilities of both the pharmacies and licensed pharmacists to fulfill the pharmaceutical care needs of the public.