Post-stroke aphasia refers to acquired language disorder caused by cerebrovascular disease.As part of cognitive function,language is closely related with other non-linguistic cognitive function.In recent years,many scholars have begun to pay attention to the relationship between language disorder and non-verbal cognitive function in patients with post-stroke aphasia.This paper describes the epidemiology of cognitive impairment in patients with post-stroke aphasia,and summarizes the relationship between language obstruction and the non-language-based cognitive function in patients with aphasia after stroke (such as working memory,attention,execution,etc.) to provide a direction for further research.

Objective To investigate the effect of pre - washing without heparin on adequacy of hemodialysis. Methods Using self-control method, fifty hemodialysis patients received pre-washing with heparin in normal saline and normal saline. Then we tested Kt/v by online clearance monitoring and observed clotting condition of dialyzer and hemodialysis tubes. Results There were no difference of Kt/v between two methods. After hemodialysis, no clotting phenomenon was found in dialyzer. There was a little pot of coagulation in artery and vein pot, but no significant difference between two methods. Conclusions Pre-washing with normal saline alone can not only ensure the adequacy of hemodialysis, but also reduce the risk of cross infection and reduce the amount of heparin, simplify operational procedures, so it should be promoted.

Objective To explore the clinical feature,suitable treatment and prognosis of soft tissue leiomyosarcoma of the trunk and extremities.Methods Clinical data of 18 cases of pathologically confirmed soft tissue leiomyosarcoma of the trunk and extremities from January 1999 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.Primary tumors in 7 cases were marginally excised before admitted to our hospital,2 had open biopsy before admission to our hospital,and 8 cases had local relapse at admission; Only one patient took our institute as the first visit.Seventeen cases were performed extended excision of tumors and 1 case underwent marginal resection.All the patients were followed up and the follow-up period was from 16 to 158 months.Results During follow-up period,9 patients developed lung metastasis,and local recurrence occurred in 5 patients.Ten patients died and 8 survived.Of the ten dead cases,seven died of tumor progression and 3 died from non-tumor factors.In the 8 patients survived,2 survived with tumor.The 5-year overall survival rate was 59.2％.Conclusion Soft tissue leiomyosarcoma of the trunk and extremities are rare malignant tumors,mostly occurred in elder patients and presenting soft tissue mass.Local recurrence and distant metastasis are common and associated with a poor prognosis.Surgical excision combined with adjuvant radiation is the common treatment strategy.

Objective To elucidate the role of renal progenitor-like tubular cells in the repair process after acute tubular necrosis(ATN)induced by ischemia. Methods Rat ATN was developed by clamping left kidney artery for 60 minutes,and bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU),a cell division and proliferation marker,was administrated one hour before rats were sacrificed.Kidneys were isolated at 1,3,5,7,14,21,28 days after injury.The proliferative and apoptotic cells were determined by immunostaining using anti-BrdU,Pax2(an embryonic renal marker),vimentin(an immature mesenchymal cell marker),and activated caspase-3(a cell apoptosis marker). Results Cell death was found in tubules at day 1 after ischemia and reperfusion injury.BrdU-positive cells were dramatically increased and reached peak at day 3 after injury.In addition,the number of BrdU positive cells in the contralateral kidney was significantly increased compared to sham operated group.Double immunostaining showed that BrdU-positive cells co-expressed Pax2 or vimentin,but not activated caspase-3. Conclusions Renal progenitor-like tubular cells may play a predominant role in repair process following ATN in rats.They may dedifferentiate,proliferate,and then redifferentiate into mature tubular cells.Growth factors may regulate the repair process.

Objective To explore the changes of mTOR signaling in LPS/D-gal-induced acute hepatitis in mice . Methods Twenty-six healthy adult female ICR mice were divided into two groups:the control group and experimental group, 13 mice in each group .LPS/D-gal was used to induce acute hepatitis in the mice .The survival of mice was moni-tored within 24 hours after LPS/D-gal challenge .At 6 hours after challenge , samples of serum and liver tissue were collect-ed for further analysis.Results Injection of LPS/D-gal resulted in acute death of the mice within 24 hours.At 6 hours post LPS/D-gal injection , the blood levels of ALT and AST were significantly increased .The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines Tnfa and Il6 was up-regulated in LPS/D-gal-induced hapatitis , in which DNA fragmentation and activation of caspase-3 were subsequently observed .Immunoblot analysis showed that both mTOR pathway and NF-κB pathway were ac-tivated.Unexpectedly , inhibition of mTOR signaling could neither decrease the apoptosis in the liver nor increase the sur -vival of mice .Conclusions The results of the present study indicate that mTOR signaling may play pleiotropic roles in the pathogenesis of LPS/D-gal-induced hepatitis .

Objective:To assess the efficacy of different non-drug smoking cessation interventions on smoking cessation among the high-risk populations of lung cancer screening by network meta-analysis.Methods:PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), PsychINFO, CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases were searched for randomized controlled clinical trials published from January 2010 to September 2020.According to the eligibility criteria, the retrieval literature was screened, the quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted, then, the statistical analysis was performed by using the Stata 14.0 software.Results:A total of 28 trials were included, including 34 640 cases of high-risk population, involving intervention measures, including 5R short quit smoking intervention, cognitive behavior therapy, award model quit smoking intervention, motivational interview, network intervention, telephone intervention, incentive mechanism plus telephone intervention, network plus telephone intervention, conventional treatment and blank group.The results of network meta-analysis showed that on the 7-day follow-up of 6 months, according to the score of SUCRA, the ranking of smoking cessation rate was 5R short smoking cessation intervention (0.88), cognitive behavior therapy (0.85), AWARD model smoking cessation intervention (0.80), incentive mechanism plus telephone intervention (0.73), motivational interview (0.53), Internet plus telephone intervention (0.40), Internet intervention (0.37), telephone intervention (0.31), conventional treatment (0.13) and blank group (0.03). However, on the 7-day smoking cessation rate of 12-month follow-up, the ranking of smoking cessation rate was 5R short smoking cessation intervention (0.94), AWARD model smoking cessation intervention (0.81), motivational interview (0.51), network intervention (0.40), telephone intervention (0.19) and conventional treatment (0.14).Conclusions:The existing evidence shows that no matter the length of follow-up, 5R short smoking cessation intervention has the best effect on smoking cessation in high-risk population of lung cancer screening.

Objective. The anti-atherosclerotic effect of fluvastatin at doses insufficient to lower serum cholesterol on the catheter-induced intimal thickening and possible mechanism were investigated in abdominal aorta of rabbits. Methods. Fifty-six rabbits were randomly divided into eight groups(n = 7, each). Fluvastatin was given mixed with food at daily dose of 8mg/kg starting 5 days before catheterization, Light microscope, immunohistochemistry, transmis-sion electron microecope and RT-PCR assay were applied to assess vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)proliferation and apoptosis, as well as oncogene expression in vascular wall. Results. At day 10 and day 15 after catheter induced denudation intima/media(I/M)thickness ratio was obviously higher, and also the percentage of PCNA-positive cells and TUNEL-positive cells in media was significantly higher compared with controls. The intimal hyperplasia was mostly composed of α-SM-actin-positive cells. In rabbits given flu-vastatin I/M ratio and the percentage of these positive cells significantly decreased compared with those without fluvas-tatin. The overexpression of proto-oncogene H-ras mRNA and decreased expression of anti-oncogene p53 mRNA were found after vascular injury, whereas fluvastatin significantly reduced H-ras mRNA and increased p53 mRNA expres-sion. Conclusion. Proliferation of VSMC in the media and the migration to the intima can be inhibited, and apoptosis of VSMC be induced by short-term use of fluvastatin after balloon catheter denudation, independent of serum lipid change. The underlying mechanism is presumably associated with the influence of fluvastatin on oncogene expression in the injured vascular wall.

Human milk is a product of human evolution and is crucial for the early growth and development of infants as well as maternal health. This paper discusses the research and application of human milk science in China, aiming to clarify the research pathways in this field and contribute to the promotion of breastfeeding initiatives and the realization of the Healthy China 2030 goals.

Objective To investigate the effects of WNK3 kinase on the regulation of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (Maxi K channels) on African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like cells (Cos-7 cells) and its mechanisms.Methods (1) Cos-7 cells were transfected with 0,0.6,1.2,1.8 μg WNK3 plasmid+0.5 μg Maxi K plasmid.The total protein expression of Maxi K channel and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular regulated kinase-1 and-2 (ERK1/2) were detected by Western blotting.(2) Cos-7 cells were divided into the control group (2.5 μg Maxi K plasmid) and the experimental group (2.5 μg WNK3 plasmid+2.5 μg Maxi K plasmid).Cell surface biotinylation was used to investigate the cell surface protein expression of Maxi K channel in Cos-7 cells.Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting were used to detect the ubiquitination of Maxi K channel protein.(3) WNK3 kinase was knocked down by WNK3 siRNA.The lysosomal degradation pathway was blocked by the proton pump inhibitor (Baf-A1).Cos-7 cells were divided into Maxi K+negative control siRNA group,Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA group and Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA+Baf-A1 group.The protein expression of Maxi K channel protein was detected by Western blotting.Results (1) Compared with those in 0 μg WNK3 plasmid groups,in 0.6,1.2,1.8 μg WNK3 plasmid groups the total protein expression of the Maxi K channel increased and the phosphorylation level of MAPK ERK1/2 reduced on a dose-dependent manner (all P ＜ 0.01).(2)Compared with those in the control group,the total protein expression and cell surface membrane protein expression of the Maxi K channel increased in the experimental group (P ＜ 0.01),while the ubiquitination of the Maxi K channel protein reduced (P ＜ 0.01).(3) Compared with the Maxi K +negative control siRNA group,the expression of Maxi K protein reduced in the Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA group (P ＜ 0.01),but did not change in the Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA + Bar-A1 group (P ＞ 0.05).The expression of Maxi K protein in Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA+Baf-A1 group was higher than that in Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions WNK3 kinase inhibits the lysosomal degradation pathway of Maxi K channel protein by reducing the ubiquitination of Maxi K channel,and promotes the expression of Maxi K channel protein in cells and on cell membrane.These effects may be achieved by suppressing MAPK ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway.

Objective To summarize the surgical results of patients with quadricuspid aortic valve and aortic regurgitation.Methods From June 2013 to June 2017,4 patients with incompetent quandricuspid aortic valve underwent surgical repair at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center.The age at surgery was 2 months to 5 years,and body weight was 2.7-22.7 kg.3 patients were diagnosed with persistent tmncal arteriosus and underwent complete repair.Another one was diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot and accepted complete repair 4 years age.All patients were diagnosed with more than moderate quandricuspid aortic valve regurgitation.Repair was performed by tricuspidalization of the native quadricuspid valve,using leaflet and related sinus of Valsalva excision.Results There was no mortality.The ICU stay and hospital stay after operation were 7-12 days and 10-16 days.The follow-up duration was 3 to 51 months.All patients were alive and free from significant aortic valve regurgitation.Conclusion Aortic valve remodeling by leaflet excision and reduction annuloplasty is an effective method for incompetent quadricuspid aortic valve repair.