Objective: To study the fasting blood glucose level and associated factors relationship in physical examination population in Beijing. Methods: Totally 38 462 individuals who received physical examination from April 2006 through December 2007 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital physical examination center were enrolled in our study.We divided them into 8 groups according to the age,and the level of fasting blood glucose was tested.The relationship between BMI,age,sex and abnormity of blood glucose were analysed. Results: The incidences of overweight and obesity were 36.4% and 13.5%,respectively.The incidences of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus were 3.2% and 3.8%,respectively.The rate of abnormal glucose level increased with age and BMI.Compared to male,female persons had lower fasting blood glucose level and lower rate of abnormality(P =0.000).Compared to normal and thin population,overweight and obesity population had higher rate of fasting glucose abnormality(P

Endoscopic activity has been used as an endpoint in treatment of Crohn's disease (CD).Simplified Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) is a simple and easy-to-use endoscopic scoring system for CD, however, studies evaluating the correlation between SES-CD and noninvasive inflammatory markers are scarce.Aims: To investigate the correlation between SES-CD and clinical and laboratory inflammatory markers for identifying a noninvasive surrogate marker for endoscopic activity of CD.Methods: Forty-two patients with CD were enrolled for detecting laboratory inflammatory markers including leukocyte and platelet count, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (Alb) and fecal calprotectin (FC);SES-CD and Crohn' disease activity index (CDAI) were assessed.Predictive performance of these markers for endoscopic activity of CD was analyzed by ROC curve, and the correlation of SES-CD with all these markers was evaluated.Results: The platelet count, CRP, ESR, FC and SES-CD were significantly higher in active CD than in inactive CD, while Hb and Alb were significantly lower in active CD (P all <0.05).In all the noninvasive markers, only CDAI and FC had an area under the curve (AUC) greater than 0.9 for predicting CD endoscopic activity.Taken 150 as the cut-off value of CDAI and 50 μg/g (the upper limit of normal, ULN) as the cut-off value of FC, the sensitivity of CDAI and FC were 58.8% and 100%, and the specificity were 100% and 60.0%, respectively.SES-CD had moderate correlation with CDAI, platelet count, CRP, ESR, Alb and FC, respectively (P all <0.05).Conclusions: SES-CD is correlated moderately with the clinical and laboratory inflammatory markers, however, when taken the ULN as cut-off value the conventional inflammatory markers such as CDAI, CRP and ESR are hard to predict sensitively and accurately the endoscopic activity of CD;while FC has fairly high accuracy and sensitivity and can be used as a noninvasive surrogate marker for evaluating endoscopic activity of CD.

Aim To establish hyperlipidemic model and study the molecular mechanism of triglyceride (TG)disorder in hamsters.Methods The male ham-sters were randomly divided to control group fed with standard diet and model group fed with high-fat diet, both of the groups had been fed with diet for 4 weeks. The levels of serum TG,TC,LDL-C,FFA were detec-ted at the end of 2nd and 4th week.The hepatic TG, TC,LPL activity were detected by enzymatic method at the end of 4th week.The molecular mechanism was tested by real-time PCR.Meanwhile the effect of posi-tive drug fenofibrate on the model of hyperlipidemia in hamsters was investigated.Results Compared with the control,the serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,FFA in the model group increased 2.57,1.93,2.49,1.25 times at the end of2nd week,and 3.93,1.90,2.27, 2.29 times at the end of 4th week,respectively.The positive drug significantly decreased the concentrations of serum TG and FFA. The mechanism research showed that the hepatic AMPK,PPARα,CPT-1 mRNA decreased in hamsters fed with high-fat diet,and the SREBP-1 c,ACC,SCD-1 ,AGPAT2,DGAT2 mRNA ex-pressions increased.The hepatic ApoB mRNA expres-sion was up-regulated while the MTTP and LPL mRNA expressions were down-regulated slightly.LPL activity significantly decreased in model hamsters compared with the control.The alternations of these enzymes and receptors were the critical factors for TG disorder. Conclusion The hamsters fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks can form a good hyperlipemic model with HTG feature.AMPK,SREBP-1 c,ACC,SCD-1 ,DGAT2,AG-PAT2,PPARα,CPT-1 and LPL are not only the main mechanisms of TG disorder,but also the biomarkers of hypotriglyceridemic drugs.

Aim To establish the hyperlipidemic model and ex-plore the mechanism of hypercholesterolemia in hamster. Meth-ods Hamsters were randomly divided into the control and model groups. The hamsters in the control group were fed with the standard chow and the model group were fed with the high fat di-et. Serum lipids and CYP7A1 activity were detected by enzymat-ic method. The molecular mechanism of cholesterol metabolism was investigated by real-time PCR. Results In comparison with the control group, the concentrations of serum TC, LDL-C, TG and hepatic TC, TG were significantly increased in the model
group. The mechanism research showed that in hamsters fed with the high fat diet, the CYP7A1 activity and the mRNA expres-sions of hepatic LDL-R, SREBP-2, CYP7A1, LXRαwere down-regulated, the expression of hepatic FXR was up-regulated. Conclusion The hyperlipidemic model could be developed in hamsters fed with the high fat diet for 4 weeks. LDL-R, SREBP-2, CYP7A1, FXR and LXRαare the biomarkers of hypercholes-terolemia, and also the targets of hypolipidemic drugs.

Objective To comparative evaluation the application value of high frequency ultrasound (HFU)and magnetic reso-nance imaging (MRI)in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears(RCT).Methods 86 patients of unilateral RCT confirmed by shoulder ar-throscopy were chosen.The detection rate by HFU and MRI before the surgery was compared.Shoulder arthroscopic finding was as the evaluation standard,the accuracy of HFU and MRI in the diagnosis of RCT was calculated which included:total (full and partial) RCT,full RCT,partial RCT.Chi-square test was used to compare the accuracy rate.Results Among 86 patients,30 patients with full RCT and 56 patients with partial RCT were detected by shoulder arthroscopy,in which 28 patients with full RCT and 43 patients with partial RCT were found by HFU,and 28 patients with full RCT and 5 1 patients with partial RCT were found by MRI respec-tively.The accuracy of HFU and MRI in the diagnosis of total,full,partial tear RCT were 82.6%,93.3%,76.8% and 91.9%,93.3%, 91.6% respectively.There was no significant difference between HFU and MRI in diagnosing total and full RCT(P >0.05),the ac-curacy on HFU in diagnosing partial RCT was slightly lower than that on MRI (P <0.05).Conclusion Both HFU and MRI have relatively high accuracy in diagnosing full RCT,HFU is slightly lower than MRI in diagnosing partial RCT.

Objective:To clarify the characteristics and differences between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)in male children.Methods:Forty boys with OCD and 40 boys with ADHD were selected from out-patient department,and 40 normal boys matched with age,gender and IQ were recruited as the controls.Patients'diagnosis was made according to the International Statistical Classifica-tion of Diseases and Related Health Problems,Tenth Revision (ICD-10).The choice delay tasks (CDT1 /2)were assessed respectively for the measurements of normal or high ecological validity of delay aversion.In CDT1 /2, waiting time and scores of the tasks were indicators reflecting the delay aversion.Results:The scores of CDTs were higher in children with OCD than in the controls [CDT1,(30.9 ±3.2)vs.(27.6 ±3.8);CDT2,(31.3 ±4.4)vs. (28.5 ±4.9);P <0.01].The scores of CDTs were lower in children with ADHD than in the controls [CDT1, [(25.0 ±4.3)vs.(27.6 ±3.8)];CDT2,[(26.2 ±4.6)vs.(28.5 ±4.9);P <0.001].Conclusion:The results in-dicate that the children with OCD have a trend to choose the task with longer waiting time and higher score,and the children with ADHD trend to choose the task with shorter waiting time and lower score.The results suggest that the pathogenesis of hyperactivity/impulse control may be different between OCD and ADHD in delay aversion.

Objective:To explore the differences and similarities of the neuropsychological functioning defi-cits in children between Tourette syndrome (TS)and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods:Thirty boys with TS-only,36 with TS-plus-ADHD,36 with ADHD were selected from out-patient department,and 50 normal boys (NC)matched with gender,age and IQ were recruited as the controls. Patients'diagnosis was made according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems,Tenth Revision (ICD-10). They were assessed with the Stroop Color-Word Interference Test (Stroop)and Purdue Pegboard Test (Purdue)to evaluate the response inhibition and fine-motor coordination respectively. Results:The Stroop scores were higher in children with ADHD than in other groups (P<0. 05 ),there was no difference between children with TS-only and TS-plus-ADHD (P>0. 05 ). All Purdue scores were higher in children with disease than in normal children (P<0. 05 ). Conclusion:The results indicate that the response inhibition deficit may be found in children with ADHD,but not in those with TS-only and TS-plus-ADHD. The neural compensatory mechanism may be re-sponsible for the response inhibition function in children with TS whilst the fine-motor coordination deficit was as-sociated with the disease groups.

Objective To establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass chromatography ( LC-MS/MS) method for determination of vancomycin concentration in human serum and compare its methodological performance with chemiluminescence microparticle immuno-assay (CMIA). Methods The proteins in serum sample were precipitated by methanol and then vancomycin was eluted and separated on Agilent Poroshell 120EC C18 column (2.1 mm×50 mm, 2.7 μm) with mobile phase of methanol and water in a gradient percentage. Both phases of methanol and water contained 0.1% formic acid. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min. Norvancomycin was applied as internal standard. Electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in positive ion mode of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). A total of 112 serum samples collected from the patients taking vancomycin in our hospital, and the results were compared with those of CMIA. Results The method exhibited good linearty within the concentration range of 1 to 100 μg/mL (r2＝ 0.9964).The intra-and inter-day accuracy and precision were all satisfactory for the requirements of quantitative drug testing. No matrix effect and carry-over effect were observed. The results of Wilcoxon symbol rank test showed a difference with statistical significance was found between the serum con-centrations of vancomycin determined by LC-MS/MS and CMIA (P＜0.05), but strong positive correlation and good linear regression were shown between the two methods (Y＝1.06X－0.37, r＝0.986). Conclusion LC-MS/MS should be a cost-saving method superior to CMIA. Its results highly correlated with those of CMIA method. The advantages of LC-MS/MS on accuracy and precision obviously outperformed those of CMIA. Since all the results of LC-MS/MS are comparable to CMIA, this method should be promising to use in determining concentration of vancomycin in serum samples with high clinical value.

Objective: To determine the CGG repeat number and methylation status of FMR1 gene for fetuses whose mothers have carried a FMR1 mutation. Methods: For 30 pregnant women, the fetal CGG repeat number was determined with a GC-rich PCR system by using chorionic villus, amniotic fluid or umbilical blood samples. The methylation status of the FMR1 gene was confirmed with Southern blotting. Results: In total 30 prenatal diagnoses were performed for 29 carriers of FMR1 gene mutations and 1 with FMR1 gene deletion mosaicism. Three fetuses were found to carry premutations, 9 were with full mutations and 1 with mosaicism of premutation and full mutations. Eighteen fetuses were normal. Conclusion Considering the genetic complexity of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), single method may not suffice accurate determination of their genetic status. The pitfalls and technical limitations of protocols requires adoption of personalized strategy for its prenatal diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of target-controlled infusion propofol combined with inhalation sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia on the postoperative changes of serum β-amyloid protein (β-AP), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and cognitive function in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods:The clinical data of 78 elderly patients with NSCLC who underwent thoracoscopic surgery from December 2017 to December 2019 in Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, target-controlled infusion propofol to maintain anesthesia was in 39 cases (control group), and target-controlled infusion propofol combined with inhalation sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia was in 39 cases (study group). The serum levels β-AP, NSE and cognitive function (assessed by mini mental state examination, MMSE) before and after operation, the postoperative recovery (eye opening time, response time and extubation time) and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between 2 groups.Results:There were no statistical differences in β-AP and NSE before operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05); the β-AP and NSE immediately and 6 h after operation in study group were significantly lower than those in control group, β-AP: (416.13 ± 22.81) μg/L vs. (510.73 ± 24.27) μg/L and (373.53 ± 21.72) μg/L vs. (430.68 ± 22.15) μg/L, NSE: (8.35 ± 0.66) μg/L vs. (11.13 ± 0.73) μg/L and (7.81 ± 0.61) μg/L vs. (9.12 ± 0.68) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01); there were no statistical differences in β-AP and NSE 24 h after operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in MMSE score before operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05); the MMSE score 6, 24 and 72 h after operation in study group was significantly higher than that in control group: (22.32 ± 2.05) scores vs. (20.54 ± 2.31) scores, (25.19 ± 1.33) scores vs. (23.61 ± 1.08) scores and (26.84 ± 0.97) scores vs. (25.01 ± 1.15) scores, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in MMSE score 7 d after operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The eye opening time, response time and extubation time in study group were significantly shorter than those in control group: (14.15 ± 3.20) min vs. (19.32 ± 3.14) min, (18.08 ± 3.52) min vs. (24.63 ± 4.10) min and (16.21 ± 4.40) min vs. (22.31 ± 4.71) min, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Target-controlled infusion propofol combined with inhalation sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia in elderly patients with NSCLC can reduce the increase of serum levels of β-AP and NSE, reduce the damage to cognitive function, make patients recover quickly after operation, and will not increase the incidence of adverse reactions. Its security is higher.