Hepatolithiasis is a common benign biliary disease in China. It is a challenge to treat hepatolithiasis. Some patients with complicated hepatolithiasis fail to achieve satisfactory outcomes after several biliary operations, and therefore, how to improve the treatment outcome of hepatolithiasis is a major problem for biliary surgeons. At present, surgery is still the main treatment method for hepatolithiasis. Percutaneous transhepatic choledochoscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL), as a minimally invasive surgical treatment for hepatolithiasis, has been accepted by many biliary surgeons and patients with hepatolithiasis and gradually gains a place in the treatment of hepatolithiasis. This article reviews the research advances in PTCSL in the treatment of hepatolithiasis.

A total of 120 patients with intermediate coronary artery disease who were admitted to Ankang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2017 to October 2019 were enrolled in the study (study group), and 120 patients who had ischemic changes on ECG, but no definite angiographic stenosis served as the control group. The SUA and S1P levels were measured, and Gensini scores were evaluated. Coronary blood flow reserve fraction (FFR)≤0.8 was used as the gold standard for diagnosis of functional myocardial ischemia. Patients in the observation group with functional myocardial ischemia and no-functional myocardial ischemia were evaluated. The correlation between variables was analyzed using the Pearson method. The levels of SUA [(492.52±35.47)μmol/L], S1P [(386.42±46.19)nmol/L] and Gensini score (69.42±7.81) in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t=51.218, 35.227, 60.237; P<0.05).In the study group, patients with functional myocardial ischemia had higher SUA[(678.23±54.21)μmol/L], SIP[(483.45±34.64)nmol/L] and Gensini score[(83.22±5.34) points], and higher incidence of drinking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia compared with no-functional myocardial ischemia patients ( t=24.764, 18.858, 17.888, respectively; χ 2=55.883, 53.684, 27.819, 71.070, 31.111, respectively; P<0.05). Pearson analysis showed that levels of SUA and S1P in patients with coronary artery lesions were positively correlated with Gensini score ( r=0.653, 0.715; P<0.01). The levels of SUA and S1P in patients with intermediate coronary artery lesions are correlated with the severity of coronary stenosis, the combination of the two indicators has better efficacy in predicting functional myocardial ischemia.