In order to verify the origin relations of Zhouhou Emergency and modern clinical medicine in emergency treatments,we choose Zhouhou Emergency as study object,and try to verify four treatments including artificial respiration,urethral catheterization,surgical infection and hemostasis. Through tracing back to the initiation and developing history of modern medical technique,it fixes its position in modern emergency treatments,and affirms the important roll of Chinese ancient books in promoting the techniques of modern emergency science.

Objective To investigate the impact of ultrapure dialysate on long-term survival rate and complication in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods Seventy maintenance hemodialysis patients were selected,and they were divided into ultrapure dialysate group (36 cases) and control group (34 cases) by random digits table method.The 1-,3-,5-year mortality,death causes and the incidences of cardiovascular complication,infection,cerebrovascular accident were recorded.Results The 3-and 5-year mortality in ultrapure dialysate group were significantly lower than those in control group:30.6％ (11/36) vs.41.2％ (14/34) and 41.7％ (15/36) vs.82.4％ (28/34),and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The mortality of infection in ultrapure dialysate group was significantly lower than that in control group:1/15 vs.21.4％ (6/28),and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).The incidences of cardiovascular complication,cerebrovascular accident,infection in ultrapure dialysate group were significantly lower than those in control group:47.2％ (17/36) vs.79.4％ (27/34),27.8％ (10/36) vs.41.2％ (14/34) and 41.7％ (15/36) vs.73.5％ (25/34),and there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ultrapure dialysate can increase long-term survival rate and decrease incidence of complication in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Aim To explore the relationship between IL-8 and ELMO1 in breast carcinoma and the mecha-nisms of IL-8 induced invasion and metastasis. Meth-ods Under the IL-8 stimulation, chemotaxis assay was examined to detect the chemotaxis ability of breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 . ELMO1 protein levels in breast cancer cell lines were detected using Western blot. MDA-MB-231 cells were transfect-ed with small RNA interference plasmids in order to downregulate ELMO1 expression, and overexpression plasmids were used to upregulate the expression of EL-MO1 in MCF-7 cells. Matrigel invasion assay and chemotaxis assay were used to detect the in vitro inva-sion and chemotaxis ability of breast cancer cells with IL-8 stimulation. Results IL-8 induced chemotaxis of the different breast cancer cell lines in a dose-depend-ent manner. After transient transfection, Western blot results showed that ELMO 1 protein levels observably decreased in SiELMO1/MDA-MB-231 cells compared with Scr/MDA-MB-231 cells, while the expression of ELMO1 protein levels significantly increased in MCF-7/ELMO1 cells compared with the MCF-7/Con cells;with IL-8 stimulation, SiELMO1/MDA-MB-231 cells showed significantly decreased chemotaxis ability com-pared with Scr/MDA-MB-231 cells. MCF-7/ELMO1 cells showed significantly increased chemotaxis ability compared with MCF-7/Con cells; the invasion assay showed under the stimulation of IL-8 , and the invasion ability was significantly reduced in SiELMO1/MDA-MB-231 cells compared with Scr/MDA-MB-231 cells ( P<0. 05 ) . The invasion ability was significantly en-hanced in MCF-7/ELMO1 cells compared with MCF-7 cells( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion IL-8 promotes the in-vasion and migration of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 , and ELMO1 plays an important role in IL-8 induced chemotaxis and invasion.

Objectives Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with less favorable outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and may result in increased post-operative morbidity and mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies was conducted to examine the risk factors of occurrence AF after CABG. Methods Using the Medline database, the Cochrane clinical trials database and online clinical trial databases, we reviewed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies examining the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. We searched for literature published April 2009 or earlier. Results Our review identified 8 studies (observational studies), involving 14548 patients, that examined the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. Although studies provide conflicting results, the overall outcomes suggests that advanced age, previous hypertension, numbers of bridge vessels may increase the occurrence of AF after CABG, while no significant difference of diabetes, preoperative myocardial infarction, and preoperative medication of 13 -Blocker have been observed between the AF patients and no-AF patiens. Conclusions Patients with advanced age, previous hypertension and more numbers of bridge vessels had higher risk for the occurrence of AF after CABG, and perioperative medication and care must be intensified to decrease the postoperative occurrence of AF.

Aim To study the molecular mechanism of Raptor in the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and provide the clinical theory basis for prevention of breast cancer invasion and metastasis.Methods Western blot was used to detect the expression of Raptor protein in MCF-7 cells and MDA231 cells.The siRNA plasmids were used to transfect MDA231 cells.At the same time,the plasmid pcDNA3.1-Raptor was transfected into MCF-7 breast cancer cells.And Western blot was used to analyze the protein expression level of E-cadherin and Vimentin.Transwell was used to test the ability of invasion.Nucleus mass separation experiment was used to test the expression of Snail.Results The expression of Raptor protein in MDA231 cells was higher than in the MCF-7 cell.When the control group of Scr/MDA231 cells compared with siRaptor/MDA231,Raptor protein expression was decreased obviously after plasmid transfection interference,accompanied by reduction of Vimentin protein expression and increase of E-cadherin protein expression.Compared with MCF-7/Con,Raptor protein expression significantly increased in MCF-7/Raptor,accompanied by increase of Vimentin protein expression and reduction of E-cadherin protein expression.The number of cells through the artificial basilemma Transwell in siRaptor/MDA231 cells was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the number of cells through the Transwell chambers artificial basilemma was significantly increased in MCF-7/Raptor(P<0.05).Nucleus mass separation experiment results showed that the expression of Snail decreased obviously in the siRaptor/MDA231 than in the Scr/MDA231,however,the expression of Snail was obviously higher in the MCF-7/Raptor.Conclusions Raptor can promote the occurrence of EMT in breast cancer,thus it promotes invasion and metastasis of breast cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiology of senile dementia in Shanghai.Methods15158 residents aged 65 or over were selected by stratified random cluster sampling from 3 districts in Shanghai. Two stages was carried to ascertain dementia: in the first stage, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) were used as screening tools; in the second stage, DSM-Ⅳ criteria for dementia was applied to diagnosis.ResultsScreening positive rate of MMSE and ADL are both 9.9%. 1271 cases of elderly with dementia were identified. The crude and age-standardized prevalence in residents aged 65 or over was 8.1% and 6.1%. The female, older age, lower education and worse marriage seemed to be more susceptible to senile dementia(P<0.01).ConclusionSenile dementia has become one of major diseases harmful to elderly's health.

ObjectiveTo evaluate probability and severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) in elderly with dementia in Shanghai.MethodsOn the basis surveyed before, total 1271 elderly with dementia were investigated with the international neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) to evaluate BPSD.ResultsThe proportion of elderly with dementia that had BPSD was 50.95% , it was 32.17% for clinical significant disturbance (CSD). The symptoms had greatest impact on the caregivers were paranoia (2.32±1.48), followed by abnormal motor behavior (2.30±1.31) and hallucinations (2.16±1.25). The severity rating included mild 620 cases, moderate 238 cases, and severe 406 cases.ConclusionThe incidence rate of BPSD in elderly with dementia was high. The standard of severity grading should be selected with purposes.

ObjectiveTo analyze burden and tolerance of caregivers of elders with dementia in Shanghai.MethodsOn the basis of surveyed before, total 1271 caregivers of elders with dementia were investigated with the questionnaire that concerned the demographic characteristics, influence on body, psychology, life and tolerance.ResultsNearly 60% of the caregivers felt stress, nearly 40% of the caregivers thought that mental pressure had a negative impact on their health as a result of caring patients. Most of the caregivers responded with tolerance to non-adaptive behavior.ConclusionDementia caregivers are old, the burden is heavy. It is necessary to establish a social support system for elderly with dementia as soon as possible.

Objective To explore the difference in curative effect,safety of operation and quality of life between patients with esophageal carcinoma treated by the conventional open surgical approach and those treated by laparoscopic radical resection.Methods A total of 185 patients underwent esophageal cancer surgery in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2013 were retrospectively analysed,including 90 cases accepted laparoscopic radical resection (the minimally invasive group) and 95 patients accepted conventional open radical resection (the traditional group).The perioperative indexes,postoperative survival rate,complications and quality of life between the two groups were recorded and compared.Results No statistically significant difference was found in the operation time and number of lymph node dissected in patients between the two groups (P＞0.05).Compared with the traditional group,the amount of surgical bleeding,percentage of patients using postoperative ventilator,length of postoperative hospital stay and pain score in the minimally invasive group were significantly lower,while the postoperative lung function was better,there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).The postoperative complication rate in the minimally invasive group (13.33％) was lower than that in the traditional group (25.26％),there was statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Three months after operation,the scores of dimensions,including physical function,role function,emotional state,cognitive function and social function,in the minimally invasive group were higher than those in the traditional group (P＜0.05);the scores of dimensions,including fatigue state,nausea and vomiting symptoms,pain,insomnia,difficulty breathing,constipation,diarrhea and loss of appetite,in the minimally invasive group were lower than those in the traditional group (P＜0.05).The 1-year,2-year and 3-year survival rates after operation in the minimally invasive group were 88.89％,73.33％ and 63.33％ respectively,which in the traditional group were 80.00％,65.26 ％ and 55.79 ％ respectively,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion The effect of laparoscopic radical resection of esophageal cancer is reliable,which has advantages of less operative trauma,quicker recovery,fewer complications,high quality of life after operation.