Objective To explore the theory of curriculum contents for gerontological nurse practitioner training which is suitable for the situation of our country. Method Delphi technique was used in this research to build content indicators of gerontological nurse practitioner training curricu-lum, and calculate the variation coefficient. Results The theory training curriculum includes founda-tions of gerontological nursing, geriatric syndrome, facilitating physiological balance and general gero-tological care modules and 41 core indexs. Every coefficient of variation is less than 20 percent [(4.35±0.71), (4.63±0.57), (4.55±0.57), (4.67±0.55)]. The mean values of the importance (4.54± 0.622) and general characteristics are more than four. Conclusion The content setting of the geron-tological nurse practitioner training theory course not only highlights the training characteristics of the geriatric care, but also has comprehensive and systematic content, reflects humanistic care spirit and pays attention to developing nurses’clinical practice ability. Therefore, it is worthy of reference and promotion.

Biorefinery technologies provide promising solutions to achieve sustainable development facing energy and environment crisis, while abundant sugar feedstock is an essential basis for biorefinery industries. Photosynthetic production of sucrose with cyanobacteria is an alternative sugar feedstock supply route with great potentials. Driven by solar energy, cyanobacteria photosynthetic cell factory could directly convert carbon dioxide and water into sucrose, and such a process could simultaneously reduce carbon emissions and supply sugar feedstocks. Here we introduced the history and updated the state-of-the-art on development of cyanobacteria cell factories for photosynthetic production of sucrose, summarized the progress and problems on mechanisms of sucrose synthesis, metabolic engineering strategies and technology expansions, and finally forecasted the future development direction in this area.
Carbon Dioxide ; Cyanobacteria ; Metabolic Engineering ; Photosynthesis ; Sucrose

The bacterial ATP-competitive GyrB/ParE subunits of type II topoisomerase are important anti-bacterial targets to treat super drug-resistant bacterial infections. Herein we discovered novel pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors based on the structural modifications of the candidate AZD5099 that was withdrawn from the clinical trials due to safety liabilities such as mitochondrial toxicity. The hydroxyisopropyl pyridazine compound 28 had a significant inhibitory effect on Gyrase (GyrB, IC₅₀ = 49 nmol/L) and a modest inhibitory effect on Topo IV (ParE, IC₅₀ = 1.513 μmol/L) of Staphylococcus aureus. It also had significant antibacterial activities on susceptible and resistant Gram-positive bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than 0.03 μg/mL, which showed a time-dependent bactericidal effect and low frequencies of spontaneous resistance against S. aureus. Compound 28 had better protective effects than the positive control drugs such as DS-2969 ( 5) and AZD5099 ( 6) in mouse models of sepsis induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. It also showed better bactericidal activities than clinically used vancomycin in the mouse thigh MRSA infection models. Moreover, compound 28 has much lower mitochondrial toxicity than AZD5099 ( 6) as well as excellent therapeutic indexes and pharmacokinetic properties. At present, compound 28 has been evaluated as a pre-clinical drug candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infection. On the other hand, compound 28 also has good inhibitory activities against stubborn Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (MIC = 1 μg/mL), which is comparable with the most potent pyrrolamide-type GyrB/ParE inhibitors reported recently. In addition, the structure-activity relationships of the compounds were also studied.