Objective To study the effect and safety of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP)on hemodynamics in patients with refractory heart failure(RHF).Methods A total of 16 patients with RHF were enrolled in the study.We defined RHF as the symptoms and signs had not been improved with conventional intensive treatment.The patients started to receive the infusion of rhBNP with 1.5 μg/kg bolus intravenous injection followed by 0.007 5 μ4/(kg · min)for 24 hours.During 24 hours,the hemodynamic parameters,systolic blood pressure,heart rate and electrolyte were monitored.After rhBNP infused,echocardiography was used to measure the cardiac index(CI),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LEVDD)and ejection fraction(EF)in the third day.Results After rhBNP infused,pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP),mean pulmonary artery pressure(MPAP)were significantly reduced at 15 minutes(PCWP[22.7 ±4.0]mm Hg vs[25.3 ±3.9]mm Hg;MPAP[31.9 ±3.6]mm Hg vs[34.6 ±7.8]mm Hg,P ＜0.05),the systolic blood pressure decreased remarkably at one hour([105.2 ± 11.5]mm Hg vs[119.0 ± 17.2]mm Hg,P ＜ 0.01),and the effect disappeared gradually,heart rate decreased remarkably([109.0 + 10.8]beat/min vs [82.2 ± 8.6]beat/min).blood K +,Na + and renal function remained unchanged(P ＞ 0.05).CI([3.7 ± 0.6]L/m2 vs[1.8 ±0.4]L/m2),LEVDD([63.6 ±5.7]mm vs[67.3 ±6.2]mm)and EF([43.1 ±8.3]％ vs [31.2 ± 6.4]％)were significantly improved(P ＜ 0.01).There was no symptomatic hypotension or other adverse events.Conclusion Injection of rhBNP is safe,feasible,and effective in patients with refractory heat failure for improving hemodynamics.

Objective To investigate the changes of adhesion molecules and their effects on skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods 42 Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: normal control group (Group Ⅰ, n=6), ischemia group (Group Ⅱ, n=6),ischemia/reperfusion injury group (Group Ⅲ, n=30). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the plasma, myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the skeletal muscle, CD11b/CD18 on the leukocytes, intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the skeletal muscle and the histological changes were studied 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h reperfusion after ischemia for 4 h. Results In group Ⅲ, the expression of CD11b/CD18, ICAM-1 and the injury of skeletal muscle increased with the lapse of reperfusion time. They reached the peak at 8～12 hours' reperfusion. The injury of skeletal muscle developed with the expression of adhesion molecules. Conclusion The expression of CD11b/CD18 and ICAM-1 are significantly associated with the skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury.

This article analyzes the status quo of sales supervision on medical devices through some aspects, including the relevant regulation system, the standards of sales admittance, the supervision team and the approval of business license. According to the exiting problems, some improving countermeasures are proposed for reference.
Materials Management, Hospital ; organization & administration

This paper focuses on issues needed to be clear towards the product quality supervision of medical devices in use. The life circle of medical devices, the supervision regarding its boundary, target, emphasis, basis and standards have been analyzed in turn. A clear and creative idea is also provided for theoretical exploration of the supervision on medical devices in use.
Materials Management, Hospital ; Quality Assurance, Health Care

Abnormal metabolism in vivo of uric acid leads to many diseases.Recent discovery shows that glucose transporter-like protein-9,which belongs to glucose transporter family not only transports glucose,but also plays an important role in the process of uric acid transport,which is also affected by pH,glucose,estrogen,etc.The variation of glucose transporter-like protein-9 results in metabolic diseases.Therefore,the study of glucose transporterlike protein-9 in uric acid transport and related drug will provide new ideas to control the development of hyperuricemia and related cardiovascular disease.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein(CRP)and its-717MG polymorphismin atrial fibrillation(AD of the population of the city of Nantong.Methods:The relationships between AF and AF risk factors were analyzed by comparing genders,ages and body nlagS index(BWI)in 92 AF patients and 60 non-AF control subjects.The serum CRP levels were detected by immunoturbidimetry in of the two groups.The CRP-717MG polymorphism wa8 detected by polymerage chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism in patients and control subjects.Results:The sel3utm CRP level wag positively correlated with the left atrium internal diameter(LAD)in AF patient group(r=0.58,P＜0.01).The level of CRP Wag significantly higher in AF patient group compared with that of control group(P＜0.01).The serum CRP level Wag higher in patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation than that of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(P＜0.05).There Wag no significant difference in the frequency of CRP genotype between AF and control groups(P＞0.05).But the alleles frequency of the G Wag lower in AF group than that of control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The semm CRP level is associated with AF and its subgroups.The serum CRP level is positively correlated with LAD.The results suggest that the inflammation influences the AF though atrium reconstruction.The relationship between CRP-7 17A/G and AF stir needs further large-scale perspective studies.

Objective To analyze the genetic stability of master virus seed lots of live attenuated influenza vaccineA/17/California/2009/38(H1N1)andA/17/Perth/09/87(H3N2)strains.Methods The master virus seed lots were inoculated into chicken eggs for subculture.The complete genome of the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 10th generations of viruses were amplified and sequenced.The genes encoding hemagglu-tinin ( HA) and neuraminidase ( NA) were compared with those of the WHO recommended circulating wild-type virus strains used for vaccine production in northern hemisphere during 2011-2012 influenza season.Six internal genes (PB2, PB1, PA, NP, M and NS) of each virus generation were compared with their master donor virus strain (A/Leningrad/134/17/57) for the evaluation of the genetic stability.Results The muta-tion rates of H1N1 and H3N2 strains after 10 passages were 0.035%and 0.022%, respectively.No muta-tions were found at the critical sites for controling thecold adapted ( ca) , temperature sensitive ( ts) and at-tenuated ( att) phenotypes.Conclusion The live attenuated influenza vaccine strains possessed high genet-ic stability as their tenth generations still shared 99% of homology with the original seed lots.All of the working virus seed lots met the requirements of Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China ( 2010 edition) .

This paper introduces the sampling scheme and the inspection scheme paradigm followed in organizing the sampling inspection of medical devices. The sampling scheme paradigm includes the definition and operation guidelines for sampling products, the regulations for individual sampling batches and related model specifications, accessory data, validity period, storage conditions, etc., the requirements for sampling areas, places and quantities, and the requirements for samples to be sent to inspection institutions. The inspection scheme paradigm includes the provisions for inspection basis, inspection items and determination principles.
Equipment Safety ; methods ; Guidelines as Topic

OBJECTIVETo compare the image quality of isotropic 3-dimensional fast spin echo (3D-FSE), 3D fast field echo (3D-FFE), and 2D fast spin echo (2D-FSE) sequences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the anatomical structure of the ankle joint.

METHODSThe ankle joints of 10 healthy volunteers were examined with isotropic 3D-FSE, 3D-FFE and 2D-FSE sequences using a 1.5T MR scanner and 3D reconstruction. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the tissues were measured. Two radiologists evaluated the image quality of the 3 sequences using a 5-point Likert scale in a double-blinded manner.

RESULTSThe 3D-FSE sequences resulted in the highest SNRs for all the tissues and the highest CNRs for differentiation between cartilage and marrow, between muscle and tendon, and between tendon and fluid. In the estimation of image quality for cartilages, 3D-FFE had the highest score followed by 3D-FSE, and the latter had the highest score among the 3 sequences in displaying the tendon.

CONCLUSION3D-FSE sequence has a high performance in displaying the anatomical structures of complex joints especially for cartilage, ligament, and tendon tissues.

This paper focused on the revision of national administrative provisions for the sampling and testing of quality supervision on medical devices, according to the practice, it introduced the scope of application, Chinese system of sampling and testing on medical devices, the methods of sampling, inspection standards, re-inspection institutes and the other issues should be taken into consider and discussed The current situation of these issues, main idea of the revision and influences of the provisions were also analyzed to provide theoretical exploration for the revision.
Constitution and Bylaws ; Equipment and Supplies ; standards ; Quality Control