ObjectiveTo observe the dynamics of antibodies and protection against Schistosoma japonicum infections in buffaloes after immunized with recombinant 26 kDa glutathione S transferase (reSjc26GST). Methods Buffaloes in 2 villages endemic for schistosomiasis japonica were selected as test and control groups, respectively.In test group initially 96 buffaloes were vaccinated with reSjc26GST, and 90 buffaloes in the control group did not experience vaccination. The indicators included levels of antibodies to reSjc26GST in buffaloes before and after infection with S japonicum and changes in infection rate. Results Specific antibodies, which showed a trend of trapezoid increase, were induced in buffaloes after immunized with reSjc26GST. Twenty months after immunization, the infection rate of the test group was decreased by 62 2% when compared with that before vaccination,and by 67 7% when compared with that of the control in the corresponding period.Conclusion Specific antibodies and a certain extent of protection were induced in buffaloes after immunized with reSjc26GST, which played an significant role in ameliorating morbidity.

OBJECTIVETo prepare eye drops of puerarin liposomes and investigate its lacrimal pharmacokinetics in rabbit tears.

METHODPuerarin liposomes were prepared by reverse phase evaporation technique. The liposomes and free puerarin were separated by SephadexG-50 chromatography and then encapsulation ratio of liposomes was determined in detail. Micromorphology of liposome particles was observed by electronic transmission microscope and the size distribution of the liposomes was analyzed by laser particle size analyzer. The concentration of puerarin in rabbit's tears was determined by HPLC after ocular administration of 50 microL puerarin liposomes while puerarin eye drops was chosen as control with the same puerarin concentration. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by software program 3P97 according to one-compartment mode.

RESULTGlobal liposome nanoparticles with diameter of about 195.7 nm were prepared successfully. The encapsulation ratio of puerarin in the liposomes was 48.3%. The mean residence time (MRT) value and the area under concentration (AUC) of puerarin in liposome were 3.89 and 3.06 times more than those of puerarin eye drops.

CONCLUSIONLiposomes as a drug carrier can greatly increase the concentration of puerarin in tears, enhance the pre-ocular retention time than that of eye drops.

Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rabbits ; Tears ; chemistry

Objective To explore the effective early identification indicators of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(RMPP)in children.Methods Thirty children admitted to Department of Pediatrics the First People's Hospital of Huzhou and diagnosed with RMPP from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the study group.Forty children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(GMPP)were selected as the control group.Blood interferon(IFN)-γ,D-dimer,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and C-reactive protein(CRP)were detected in all children after admission.Pharynx samples were collected for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae nucleic acid and drug resistance sites.The expression of IFN-γ,D-dimer,LDH and CRP in the early stage of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia was compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the predictive effect of each index on RMPP.To analyze the correlation between macrolide resistance and RMPP.Results The expression levels of IFN-γ,D-dimer and CRP in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in LDH expression between the study group and the control group(P＞0.05).By comparing the area under the ROC curve(AUC).IFN-γ had the highest AUC of 0.908(95% CI:0.840-0.976,P＜0.001).CRP was 0.760(95% CI:0.637-0.883,P＜0.001).D-dimer was 0.698(95% CI:0.573-0.822,P=0.005).LDH was 0.575(95% CI:0.434-0.715,P=0.288).These results indicate that IFN-γ has better diagnostic effect on RMPP than other variables.The proportion of macrolide resistance in RMPP patients was significantly higher than that in GMPP group.Conclusion IFN-γ,CRP,D-dimer,macrolide resistance factors have certain efficacy in the early prediction of RMPP.RMPP had the best prediction effect when IFN-γ＞24pg/ml.Combined with drug resistance factors can be used as a good indicator to predict RMPP.

BACKGROUND: Craniomaxillofacial tissue defects are clinical defects involving craniomaxillofacial and oral soft and hard tissues.They are characterized by defect-shaped irregularities, bacterial and inflammatory environments, and the need for functional recovery.Conventional clinical treatments are currently unable to achieve regeneration of high-quality oral craniomaxillofacial tissue. As a natural biomaterial, silk fibroin (SF) has been widely studied in biomedicine and has broad prospects for use in tissue regeneration.Hydrogels made of SF showed excellent water retention, biocompatibility, safety and the ability to combine with other materials. METHODS: To gain an in-depth understanding of the current development of SF, this article reviews the structure, preparation and application prospects in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regenerative medicine. It first briefly introduces the structure of SF and then summarizes the principles, advantages and disadvantages of the different cross-linking methods (physical cross-linking, chemical cross-linking and double network structure) of SF. Finally, the existing research on the use of SF in tissue engineering and the prospects of using SF with different cross-linking methods in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regeneration are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS This review is intended to show the advantages of SF hydrogels in tissue engineering and provides theoretical support for establishing novel and viable silk protein hydrogels for regeneration.

BACKGROUND:In the construction of guided bone regeneration membrane with biological function,a single material cannot meet the clinical needs due to its insufficient function,so the composite of multiple materials has become a trend of tissue repair engineering. OBJECTIVE:To prepare silk fibroin/bioactive glass composite fiber membranes by electrospinning technology,and to characterize the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility in vitro. METHODS:The solution of electrospinning was prepared by dissolving 0.8 g silk fibroin protein in 10 mL hexafluoro-isopropanol alcohol,and the nanofiber membrane of silk fibroin protein was prepared by electrospinning technology(denoted as SF fiber membrane).0.1,0.3,0.5,and 0.8 g of bioactive glass were added to the electrospinning solution,and the silk fibroin/bioactive glass composite fiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning technology(recorded as SF/1BG,SF/3BG,SF/5BG,and SF/8BG fiber membrane in turn).The physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of five groups of fiber membranes were characterized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The scanning electron microscopy results showed that nanofibers of the prepared composite membrane were smooth,continuous and uniform and had no beaded structure.There was no obvious adhesion between the silk fibers,and they all showed random arrangement of disordered porous structures.The fiber diameter of the fiber membrane decreased after the addition of bioactive glass.Fourier infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction detection results showed that the chemical structure of silk fibroin protein and bioactive glass in fiber membrane was stable.The water contact angles of SF,SF/1BG,SF/3BG,SF/5BG,and SF/8BG were 105.02°,72.58°,78.13°,79.35°,and 72.50°,respectively.(2)Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated on five groups of fiber membranes.CCK-8 assay results showed that SF/1BG,SF/3BG,and SF/5BG fiber membranes could promote the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells compared with SF and SF/8BG.Live cell/dead cell staining showed that the cell vitality on the surface of the five groups of fiber membranes was better,and the number and distribution of cells on the surface of SF/5BG fiber membrane were more uniform.Rhodamine phalloidin staining and scanning electron microscopy exhibited that compared with SF fiber membrane,the SF/5BG fiber membrane was more favorable to the adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated on the fiber membrane of the five groups for osteogenic induction differentiation,and the alkaline phosphatase activity of the SF/3BG and SF/5BG groups was higher than that of the other three groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001).Alizarin red staining showed that the formation of calcium nodules in fiber membrane increased after the addition of bioactive glass,and the formation of calcium nodules in the SF/5BG group was the most.(3)The results show that silk fibroin/bioactive glass composite fiber membrane has good biosafety and biocompatibility.