Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)can reflect the brain structure and development more quantitatively and intuitively than conventional magnetic resonance sequence by obtaining the diffusion properties of water molecules. In neonatal brain developmental research,DTI could be used to study the developmental regularities of white matter tracts and cerebral structure deformity.It can also help to explore the relationship between white matter microstructure and neurodevelopmental outcome.In the study of brain injury,including premature white matter injury,hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,neonatal stroke,and so on,DTI can diagnose the brain microstructure injury precisely,evaluate the ef-fectiveness of interventions and predict the long -term neurodevelopmental outcome.DTI may have good prospect in re-search and clinical application on neonatal brain development and injury.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung metastases from breast cancer.Methods The clinical data of 119 breast cancer patients treated at our institution from January 2000 to January 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Among 119 patients with lung metastasis,35.3％ was hormone receptor (HR) +/human epithelial growth factor receptor (HER2)-,17.6％ was HR +/HER2 +,21.8％ was HR-/HER2 + and 25.2％ was trriple negative breast cancer (TNBC).The rate of grade Ⅲ in triple negative breast cancer was higher than the other subtypes(P =0.016).The median overall survival was 60 months (9-141 months),the median time to lung metastases was 29 months (3-99 months),and the median survival after lung metastasis was 33 months (range,6-98 months).The 1-,2-,3-and 5-year survival rate was 72.9％,54.1％,35.1％ and 14.4％.Conclusions TNBC,number of lung metastases,time to lung metastases less than 24 months,and a history of systemic chemotherapy were important factors for prognosis of patients with lung metastases.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Met inhibitor XL-880 on radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231.Methods MDA-MB-231 cell lines were assigned to the following treatment groups:control group,radiation group,XL-880 group and combination group.Cell apoptosis,cell cycle distributions and tumorigenicity were investigated by flow cytometry or clonogenic assay.The expression of apoptosis and cell cycle related proteins (p21,Cyclin B1,Bcl-2,Caspase-3 and PARP),and phosphorylation levels of c-Met were measured by Western blot.Results XL-880 combined with radiation significantly decreased the proliferation activity of MDA-MB-231 cells (P ＜ 0.05).Flow cytometry results showed that the rate of G2/M cell were increased with XL-880 (P ＜ 0.05),and the rate were (17.3 ±1.3) ％,(20.0 ± 4.0) ％,(28.5 ± 3.1) ％,(57.0 ± 3.3) ％,respectively.Annexin V/PI double-staining assay showed that XL-880 obviously induced the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells after radiation (P ＜ 0.05),of which the apoptotic rates were (7.3 ±0.9)％,(14.1 ±0.6)％,(35.5 ±4.4)％,(48.2±5.3)％,respectively.XL-880 downregulated the expressions of Cyclin B1 and anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2,while promoted the expression of apoptosis related protein cleaved Caspase-3 and PARP.Conclusions XL-880 enhance the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 by inhibiting Met pathway.

Objective:To investigate L-type calcium channels of human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs) cultured in vitro.Methods:hMSCs were isolated,cultured by Percoll gradient centrifugation,adherence to plastic flask and monoclonal culture.Immunophenotypes of hMSCs were detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry techniques.Whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to observe the change of L-type calcium channels of human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs).Results:High homogenous hMSCs had been isolated and cultured in vitro.hMSCs had unique immunophenotypes and they were positive for CD44,CD29,c-kit but negative for CD34,CD31,CD54.Calcium currents could be found in 40 percent of hMSCs,peak currents of calcium(I Ca-Peak ) were (102.67?19.06)pA from +20 mV to +30 mV.The currents could be inhibited by Cd~ 2+ (20 ?mol/L).Conclusion:Undifferentiated hMSCs express less L-type calcium channes,regulation of the chanels might contribute to directional differentiation.

Objective To isolate and cultivate hepatic stem cells(HSCs) from rat fetal liver in vitro and identify their biological features.Methods Collagenase perfusion method and mechanical cutting method were used to isolate HSCs from rat fetal liver which were then cultivated by H-DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum.The cell surface antigen expression of HSCs was observed with immunocytochemical method under confocal laser scanning microscope.Results The isolated HSCs from rat fetal liver grew to monolayer 5 d after cultivation in vitro.They presented pykno-round cells and distinct borderline under the light microscope.After 8 d the cells grew like epithelium.These cells expressed AFP antigen,CK 18 and CK19.Conclusion The cultivated cells are proved to be HSCs and can proliferate quickly in vitro.

Objectives To investigate the epidemiology of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the common genotypes in Liaocheng city, Shandong province, China, and to evaluate the application value of high risk HPV detection in cervical cytology with different pathological conditions.Methods A total of 19 707 permanent female residents in Liaocheng were recruited who were married or had sexual life, aged from 18 to 70 years old.They were screened for cervical cancer by thinprep liquid-based cytology test (TCT) from January 2013 to January 2014.The screen positive rate was 4.24 ％ (837/19 707), and 785 volunteers aged from 21 to 65 years old were recalled.The xMAP bead-based hybridization and flowcytometry analysis were used for genotyping.The data were analyzed by comparison and description.Results According to TCT, among 785 cases, there were 478 cases of atypical squamous epithelium of unknown significance (ASCUS) and atypical glandular epithelium of unknown significance (AGCUS), 175 cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LISL), 127 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 5 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ACC).The positive rate of high-risk HPV was 62.8 ％ (493/785).The risk age of infection was 26-30 years old (87.7 ％, 71/81) and 51-55 years old (79.7 ％, 51/64), while a low risk one was found in patients older than 55 years old (28.6 ％, 14/54).The top five high-risk subtypes of HPV were HPV16 (21.5 ％, 169/785), HPV52 (12.2 ％, 96/785), HPV58 (9.8 ％, 77/785), HPV33 (9.7 ％, 76/785), HPV18 (7.5 ％, 59/785).Single infection accounted for 45.0 ％ (353/785), while multi-infection for 17.8 ％ (140/785).98 cases were infected by two subtypes, 37 cases by three subtypes, 2 cases by four subtypes, 2 cases by five subtypes and 1 case by six subtypes.Conclusions Compared with pure cervical TCT screening, high-risk HPV infection detection is an effective method for cervical cancer screening, which can improve the specificity of cervical cancer screening and reduce the omission diagnostic rate.In Liaocheng, HPV subtypes 16, 52, 58, 33, 18 and multi-infection are more prevalent.Women belonging to 26-30 or 51-55 years old are identified as high-risk population.Screening is important for this group to discover early cervical lesions.

Objective To objectively quantitative assess the visual quality in patients with myopic foveoschisis (MF) using a double-pass optical quality analysis system (OQASⅡ).Methods Sixty-two subjects participated in this cross-sectional,observational study,who were divided into three groups based on the pathologic conditions including myopic fovcoschisis group (MFG),myopic control group (MCG) and normal control group (NCG).Measurements with OQAS Ⅱ were performed for the modulation transfer function cut off frequency (MTFcut-off),the Strehl ratio (SR) and the objective scatter index (OSI).Visual data were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson's correlation accompanied by logMAR BCVA and axial length (AL).Results The mean values for MTFcut-off,SRand OSIof MFG,MCGand NCG were 18.18±4.81,0.13± 0.03,3.50±0.44;22.87±2.66,0.14±0.02,2.42±0.29;33.68±4.70,0.23±0.02,1.68±0.20 respectively,and statistical difference were proved except SR between MFG and MCG,or BCVA between MCG and NCG (P＜ 0.05).LogMAR BCVA and AL have negative correlations to MTF cut-off (r =-0.928,-0.658;P＜0.05) and SR (r=-0.577,-0.893;P＜0.05) with high coefficients in MFG.Log MAR BCVA has negative correlations to MTF cut-off and SR (r=-0.659,-0.806;P＜0.05) in MCG.Log MAR BCVA has negative correlations to MTF cut-off and SR (r=-0.606,-0.602;P＜0.05) and positively correlated to OSI (r=0.561,P＜0.05) in NCG.Conclusions The mean value of BCVA,MTF cut-off,SR,OSI of myopic foveoschisis patients were lower than those myopic patients without foveoschisis and normal people.there exists a significant negative correlation between Log MAR BCVA,AL to MTF cut-off and SR.Compared with myopic and normal subjects,myopic foveoschisis have lower BCVA,MTF cut off,SR but higher OSI.

BACKGROUND: Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been used in the field of repair of nerve injury. Brain stereotactic transplantation and transvascular transplantation are two transplantation methods. OBJECTIVE: We infused MSCs into rat peripheral cerebral infarct focus, in order to investigate the improvement of rat neurological dysfunction by forelimb use asymmetry test and postural reflex test.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal experiment. SETTING: Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University.MATERIALS: This study was performed at the Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University between October 2006 and April 2007. Healthy male Wistar rats of clean grade, weighing 250-280 g, were provided by the Laboratory Animal Center of Jilin University. The protocol was performed in accordance with ethical guidelines for the use and care of animals.METHODS: MSCs from healthy adult volunteers were in vitro cultured and proliferated by density gradient separation and adherence screening method. Their immunophenotypes were identified by a flow cytometer. The Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups with 10 rats in each: normal control group, sham-operated group, model group, serum-free DMEM-treated group (DMEM group) and MSCs -treated group (MSCs group). Rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were developed by occluding rat right middle cerebral artery following suture occlusion method modified by Longa et al. Rats in the normal control group were untouched. In the sham-operated group, operation was not ended till cervical interior and exterior arteries were exposed and sutured, and the other disposals were the same as those in the model group. At ischemia 90 minutes reperfusion 1 hour, a stereotaxic apparatus was used to take rat right peripheral cerebral ischemic region as transplantation site: 3 mm lateral to, 1mm caudal to and 4 mm posterior to Bregma. Rats in the MSCs group were slowly injected 5 μL BrdU-labeled MSCs (4×1011 L-1) serum-free medium. Rats in the DMEM group were injected 5 μL serum-free medium. After perfusion, inserted needle was retained for 5 minutes and then slowly withdrawn in order to avoid the back flow of liquid from needle pole. The survival of MSCs in rats was detected by immunohistochemical technique, and rat behavioral changes of observed on days1, 3, 7 and 28 after transplantation by forelimb use asymmetry test and postural reflex test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The immunophenotype of MSCs were identified by a flow cytometer. ② The survival of transplanted MSCs in the rat brain. ③ Rat behavioral changes. RESULTS: All the 50 rats were included in the final analysis. ① High purity of MSCs were harvested in the experiment. Flow cytometer detection showed that both CD44 and CD29 were positive, while CD34, CD45 and CD31 were negative. ② MSCs transplanted into the brains of rats in the MSCs group gathered in the peripheral cerebral ischemic region and survived. ③ Behavioral scores of rats in the MSCs group were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P < 0.05). They were gradually decreased with time after transplantation, and reached the valley value on day 7 after transplantation (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Neurological function of rats recovers in all the groups except normal control group. But the recovery differs in different groups, and neurological function of rats in the MSCs group recovers better than that in other groups.

Intravenous administration by indwelling needle is a common clinical administration method, which has the advantages of high patient comfort, convenience, and low complication rate. In clinical applications, the most common side effect of intravenous administration of indwelling needles is infusion phlebitis. The occurrence of phlebitis can reduce the quality of clinical care and even lead to bacteremia. In this paper, the pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, prevention and nursing measures of phlebitis caused by intravenous administration of indwelling needles were reviewed. It is considered that an objective assessment method for infusion vascular status, effectively monitor the degree of damage of blood vessels during the infusion process, and phlebitis effective physical therapy after occurrence will become the research focus in the field of clinical engineering.

Objective:To investigate the genetic etiology of a child with epilepsy accompanied by motor retardation.Methods:A patient with epilepsy and motor retardation in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital in January 2020 and his parents′ peripheral blood 2 mL were collected.G-banded karyotyping and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) were used to analyze the duplication / deletion of chromosome segments in child and her pa-rents.Results:The karyotype of the patient revealed 46, XX, and add(19)(p13.3→qter), whereas aCGH detected a 9.50 Mb duplication at 19q13.33q13.43[arr(hg19)(49593920_59092570)×3]. This region contains 471 genes.No abnormality was discovered in the karyotyping and aCGH analysis of the patient′s parents.The phenotypes of the patient conformed to the previously reported clinical characteristics of 19q13.3 duplication.Conclusions:The de novo 19q13.3 duplication is the cause of epilepsy and motor development retardation for the patient.Combined with aCGH, the traditional G banding is valuable to diagnose the patient with developmental delay.