Objective To evaluate and compare 3 kinds of cecocolon urinary reservoir. Methods Penn pouch,indiana pouch or detenial cecocolon reservoir has been performed for 37 patients.The out-come was evaluated by urodynamic and clinically. Results Good continence has been achieved in all patients with an appendiceal continence mechanism.The capacity and intrareservoir pressure of detenial cecocolon was significantly different from penn or indiana pouch 3 months postoperatively (P0.05).The intrareservoir pressure on contraction was lower with penn pouch. Conclusions The penn or modified indiana pouch is better and more ideal as an urinary reservoir whereas the detenial cecocolon pouch is technically simpler.

Objective To investigate effectiveness of treatment of Upper urinary tract calculus by MPCNL application.Methods From May 2000 to May 2007,causing artificial kidney hydronephrosis for the affected kidney,established renal percutaneous channels(F16～18),which established the single channels of 202 cases,dual-channel of 14 cases,by Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy and holmium laser lithotripsy.Results 183 cases of 216 patients were One-time stone;33 cases were second stone.The average clearance rate is 90.32%,the average operation time is 79min,average valume of about bleeding is 80ml,the average hospitalization days are 8 days,kidney ostomy average stay 7.5 days.Of the operation,9 cases of obviously bleeding(4%)before and after operation,1 case uncontrollable bleeding after interventional treatment failure with Nephrectomy,others to stop beeding by symptomatic treatment,2 cases find urinary extravasation postoperative and cured by adjusting location of renal ostomy.Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of Upper urinary tract calculus is safe and effective for patients with less trauma,quicker recovery and high learance rate,the efficacy is satifactory.

OBJECTIVE:To study the innovation system synergies of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Shanghai and lay the foundation for further enhancing the competitiveness of pharmaceutical enterprises of Shanghai. METHODS:Based on the composite system synergy degree model,order variables(G)of innovation environment(S1),innovation technology research and development(S2),innovation technology absorption(S3)and innovation output(S4)in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry innovation system in Shanghai during 2006-2014 were selected,synergy degree model was built,and order parameter,order de-gree,synergy degree of each order variable were calculated in turn. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:S1-S4 obtained 4,4,4,2 or-der variables respectively. According to the calculation,synergy degree of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Shanghai dur-ing 2006-2014 ranged in -0.195-0.202,average value was -0.068,overall in the level ofinverse synergyandnon-synergy. Thus,the internal development of the pharmaceutical manufacturing innovation system in Shanghai is more disorderly. It is suggest-ed to reform from the two core influencing factors of the stability of innovative environment and promoting technology absorption, including accelerating the transformation and upgrading of the pharmaceutical industry to create a stable and innovative environ-ment,increasing the innovation investment of the pharmaceutical industry to improve the level of technology absorption and inde-pendent innovation,as well as strengthening cooperation within and outside the domain to effectively enhance the system synergy degree level of pharmaceutical manufacturing innovation system in Shanghai.

A high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of catechin in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetic study after intragastric administration of Catechu and Xiongdanjiangre Wan into SD rats. Plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation using methanol- 5％ aqueous zinc sulfate (70:30, v/v) as precipitant. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Hypersil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 10 μm) with acetonitrile water triethylamine (6:94:0.3, v/v/v, pH 4.0±0.1, adjusted with phosphoric acid) as mobile phase, followed by a UV detection at 207 nm. Good linearity was obtained over the range of 0.143-7.15 mg/L of catechin, with correlation coefficient of 0.9992.The method was simple, sensitive, accurate and reproducible and has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of catechin in rat plasma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Yinhuang solution on the bladder mucosal before and/or after mucosal injury.Methods32 SPF female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 rats in each group. Group A was used for the normal control group, group B for the model control group, group C for preventive group, group D for preventive and therapeutic group. Injured rats were created by hydrochloric acid applied on bladder mucosa. After the models were established or before and after the models were established, bladders were perused with Yinhuang solution. Severity of inflammatory infiltration were observed by HE staining, histological score and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expressed in the mucosa.ResultsEndoscopic pathological change showed that group B had a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, significant expansion of capillary, epithelial cell necrosis. Group C had a small amount of expansion of capillary, inflammatory cell infiltration. Group D scattered in expansion of capillary, a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Concerning the results of histological score and HSP70 expression, there was a significant difference between group A and groups B, C or D (P<0.01); there was a significant difference between group B and groups C or D (P<0.01); there was a significant difference between group C and group D (P<0.05).ConclusionYinhuang solution can evidently improve the repair capability of bladder mucosa after injury.

Objective To explore the in vitro cytotoxicity of sunitinib in highly metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97-H, and the effect of it on the expression level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Methods MHCC97-H hepatoma cells were cultured and divided into control group and experimental (sunitinib) group. Experimental groups were added 2.5, 5,10 and 20μmol/L of sunitinib for 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively. The morphological changes were observed before and after sunitinib treatment in MHCC97-H with Giemsa stain. The inhibitory rate of proliferation in MHCC97-H was detected by MTT assay. The expressions of FAK protein before and after sunitinib treatment were detected by Western blot assay. Results Sunitinib showed the inhibitory effect on hepatoma cell line MHCC97-H. Giemsa staining showed that chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, apoptotic bodies and other typical morphological features. The inhibitory rate was the most obvious in 48-h treatment group. The inhibitory rates were (0.433 ± 0.115)%, (32.863 ± 1.471)%, (49.240 ± 2.256)%, (63.797±2.707)%and (58.887±3.409)%for 2.5, 5, 10 and 20μmol/L concentration groups, and there were signifi-cant differences between groups (P<0.05). Results of Western blot assay showed that the expression levels of FAK protein were significantly reduced after different concentrations of sunitinib treatment for 48 h (P<0.05). Conclusion Sunitinib has inhibitory effect on hepatoma cell line MHCC97-H, enhances the apoptosis and decreases the the expression of FAK pro-tein.

Objective To investigate the expression of miR?126, miR?355 and exportin?5 in lung cancer. Methods The cancer tissue and the tissue adjacent to carcinoma of 47 cases of patients with lung cancer was used to detect the expression of miR?126, miR?355 and Exportin?5 by the real?time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results Significant difference of the expression of miR?126 (t=2.02,P=0.03) and exportin?5 (t=4.62,P<0.01) was observed in lung cancer tissue and tissue adjacent to carcinoma. Mature miR?126 and pri?miR?126 (R=0.309 , P = 0.044) had a negative correlation in the tissue adjacent to carcinoma. In the cancer tissue,miR?126 and MRP (R=0.432, P=0.019), miR?335 and k167 (R=0.410, P=0.033) were positively correlated, however, exportin?5 and TOPO (R=0.357, P=0.045), the pri?miR?126 and drinking (R=0.340, P=0.024), the pri?miR?126 and MRP (R=0.427, P=0.027) had a negative correlation relationship. Conclusion Expression of miR?126 and exportin?5 was decreased in lung cancer tissue, which may contribute to the occurrence and development of lung cancer.

The number of projects and the amount of sponsoring funds have been increasing during the past years.Conventional research branches are respiratory tumor and digestive tumor.Emerging research branches are lung transplantation and lung preservation.Underdeveloped research branches are acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome and thymic tumor.The position and academic impact of domestic thoracic surgery has been more valuable with the increasing number,quality and achievements of SCI papers.Therefore,international cooperation and megamergers should be encouraged and more attention should be paid to the censorship,implementation and achievements to optimize the value of projects.The aim of this article is providing important information on projects sponsored by National Nature Science Foundation of China(NSFC) in the field of general thoracic surgery,promoting the development of thoracic surgery of China.

OBJECTIVETo describe secular trends on physical growth of children in China during the year of 1985-2005 and to analyze the urban-suburban-rural difference and its change.

METHODSThe measurements of height, weight and chest circumference obtained from two serial national cross-sectional surveys for children aged 0 to 7 years in China were used to analyze the secular trends, and the growth differences among urban, suburban and rural children were compared.

RESULTSThe average weight and height for both boys and girls from urban, suburban and rural areas have significantly increased in most age groups during the past 20 years; The average chest circumference increased slightly, ranging from 0.0 to 2.0 cm. From 1985 to 2005, the urban-suburban difference in height had become smaller, and that in weight showed similar trend for children under 3 years old but became larger after 3 years old; the suburban-rural difference both in height and weight became larger after 6 months old. The increment per decade in height was the greatest in the suburban group while the greatest increment in weight was the urban group.

CONCLUSIONPositive secular trends were observed among urban, suburban and rural areas in Chinese children under 7 years old during the 1980s and the 2000s, reflecting a rapid socio-economic development in China.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anthropometry ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Growth ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Rural Population ; Suburban Population ; Urban Population

Objective: To investigate the status of the development of primary teeth and to identify the development patterns among infants and toddlers in nine cities of China in 2015. Methods: Healthy children aged 1-<36 months were investigated by across-sectional survey and retrospective studies, which was carried out in 9 cities (Beijing, Harbin and Xi′an in northern China; Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan in central China; and Guangzhou, Fuzhou and Kunming in southern China) from June to October in 2015. Subjects (n=103 995) were divided into 14 age groups (1-<2, 2-<3, 3-<4, 4-<5, 5-<6, 6-<8, 8-<10, 10-<12, 12-<15, 15-<18, 18-<21, 21-<24, 24-<30, 30-<36 months). There were 150-200 boys and girls respectively in each group of urban and suburb areas in each city. The eruption status and the number of primary teeth were examined by the trained child health care physician or pediatrician on the spot. The timing of primary teeth eruption of children was retrospectively surveyed using a questionnaire. The prevalence of primary teeth was calculated and χ² test was used for comparison of categorical data. Probit regression analysis was used to determine the median and percentile age of eruption of primary teeth. Results: Totally 103 995 children aged 1-<36 months were investigated. There were 52 346 children in urban areas (boys 26 228, girls 26 118) and 51 649 children in suburb areas (boys 25 912, girls 25 737). The eruption rate of primary teeth in children under 2 years became higher with age and the difference among each age group was statistically significant (χ²=85 913.868, P<0.01), which was 0.3% (22/7 450) in 3-<4 months group, 43.0% (3 227/7 503) in 6-<8 months group and 99.9% (7 441/7 446) in 15-<18 months group. The eruption age of primary teeth was 6.6 months (95%CI: 6.5-6.7 months), and the range of the 3rd to 97th percentile was 4.1-10.6 months. The eruption ages of primary teeth in urban and suburb areas children were 6.6 months (95%CI: 6.5-6.7 months) and 6.6 months (95%CI: 6.5-6.7 months) respectively. The eruption age of primary teeth was earlier in boys (6.4 months, 95%CI: 6.3-6.5 months) than that in girls (6.7 months, 95%CI: 6.6-6.8 months). The median eruption age of primary teeth was earlier in northern China (6.2 months) than that in central (6.7 months) and southern China (6.9 months). The eruption rate of primary teeth became higher with age, showing that the median number of primary teeth was 2 in 8-<10 months group, 8 in 12-<15 months group and 20 in 30-<36 months group. Conclusions The timing of eruption of primary teeth was similar between urban and suburb areas children and that of the boys was slightly earlier than that of the girls. There were slight differences among different regions in the eruption timing of primary teeth. The range of the 3rd to 97th percentile in the eruption age of primary teeth was 4.1-10.6 months and the number of primary teeth followed the regular development pattern with age.