As an important ABC transporter, breast cancer re-sistance protein ( BCRP) plays an important role in tumor multi-drug resistance. Many laboratories are focusing on BCRP to re-verse multidrug resistance. We summarize in the paper the re-search progress on the regulation of BCRP expression, subcellu-lar localization, ATP-dependence, inhibition or modulation of its transport activity and potential clinical treatment strategies in or-der to provide theoretical support and some new research ideas for the reverse of multidrug resistance in clinic.

Objective To identify the differential diagnosis value of CT in the pancreatic cystic disease.Methods 77 cases of pancreatic cystic disease diagnosed by CT scan were retrospectively analysed.Results CT recognized the different imaging features about cystic disease of malignant pancreatic tumor,metastatic cystic disease,begin-malignant pancreatic cystadenoma and acute/chronic pancreatitis.Conclusion Mastering the CT features of pancreatic cystic disease may give rise to the differential diagnosis,which is useful to the clinical decision.

Heart rate is the most common index to directly monitor the level of physical stress by comparing the subject's heart rate with an appropriate "target heart rate" during exercise. However, heart rate only reveals the cardiac rhythm of the complex cardiovascular changes that take place during exercise. It is essential to get the dynamic response of the heart to exercise with various indices instead of only one single measurement. Based on the rest-workload alternating pattern, this paper screens the sensitive indices of exercise load from electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm and waveform, including 4 time domain indices and 4 frequency domain indices of heart rate variability (HRV), 3 indices of waveform similarity and 2 indices of high frequency noise. In conclusion, RR interval (heart rate) is a reliable index for the realtime monitoring of exercise intensity, which has strong linear correlation with load intensity. The ECG waveform similarity and HRV indices are useful for the evaluation of exercise load.
Electrocardiography ; Exercise ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Workload

Objective To comfirm the anti-fibrotic effect of spironolactone and investigate the influence of spironolactone on concentration of angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ) in rat hepatic fibrosis. Methods Ninety male Sprague-Dawly rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (8 rats, subcutaneous injection of pure peanut oil, normal diet), model group (42 rats, subcutaneous injection of 40% CCl 4, 0.3 mL/100 g, twice a week, high cholesterol and low protein diet, 5% alcohol as the drink), and spironolactone group (40 rats, same dosage of CCl 4, high cholesterol and low protein diet, gastropufusion of spironolactone at the dose of 100 mg?kg -1?d -1). The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks of administration. AngⅡ was assayed by radioimmunoassay. The liver tissues were stained, coded and examined. Results ① The general conditions of the rats of spironolactone group were better than those of the model group. The degree of fibrosis and the area of collagen in the liver of spironolactone group were less than those of the model group after the 4th week (P

Objective To develop an intelligent moxibustion instrument based on MCU,on the basis of moxibustion principles of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods A mixed-signal system-on-chip MCU C8051F020 was used to design four kinds of moxibustion heads to heat,light,and to upload detected temperature to the host microcontroller.Sixteen output ports were designed of which temperature and moxibustion time can be individually set.Results The temperature range of moxibustion head was 30-60℃,with error ≤±3 ℃.The timing range was 10-90 min,and full-scale timing error was ≤±1 min.The average infrared all normal emission rate of moxibustion head was 0.89.Conclusions The test parameters meet the requirements for moxibustion instrument,and the instrument is safe,reliable and simple to operate.

BACKGROUND:The surgical method for the treatment of unstable distal radius fracture mainly includes plate internal fixation and external fixator, but both of these two methods have the advantages and disadvantages. Which treatment is more conducive to the rehabilitation of patients, there is stil controversy.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of internal fixation and external fixator for the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures.
METHODS:The relative databases and literatures were searched with the computer and hand to col ect the randomized control ed trials of internal fixation versus external fixator for the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures. After extraction literature data and quality evaluation, RevMan 5.2 software was used for system evaluation. The grip strength, disabilities of arm, shoulder&hand score, complications rates, infection rates, deformity rates and ulnar variance rates were compared between two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 9 literatures, involving total y 524 patients were included, 286 patients in the internal fixation group and 238 patients in the external fixator group. There was no significant difference in grip strength between internal fixation group and the external fixator group. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the internal fixation group was better than the external fixator group in the aspects of disabilities of arm, shoulder&hand score, complications rate, infection rate, deformity rate and ulnar variance rate at 3 months and 1 year after treatment. The results indicate that the plate internal fixation is better than external fixator in the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures, but the large sample, double-blind, and high quality randomized control ed trials are stil needed to identify the results.

Objective:To establish the Sunitinib-resistant model GIST882-Rs.Methods:The intermittent concentration gradient doubling method was used to get Sunitinib-resistant cell line GIST 882-Rs. Changes of cell morphology were observed and compared under the opticalm icroscopy. Changes of cell cycle were assayed and compared by using flow cytometer. The growth curvature , half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) were calculated by using cell counting kit (CCK8) assay.Results:Significant changes occurred in the morphologic profiles, such as epithelioid shape, the increased ratio of nucleolus to cytoplasm, emerging multinucleated cel1 and increase of granule sub stances. IC50 for GIST882 and GIST 882-Rs were(127.50 ± 2.15) μmol and (23.98 ± 1.85) μmol, and there were significant differences ( P < 0.05). The resistance index of GIST882-Rs to Sunitinib was 5.30 fold of GIST882 cells. The cell cycle of GIST882 and GIST882- Rs was respectively 52.51% and 39.87% in S phase 25.22% and 32.32% in G 0/G 1 phase. Conclusions:The sensitivity of GIST 882-Rs to Sunitinib treatment is decreased significantly.

Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in abnormal development and pathophysiology in the brain. Although miR-20b plays essential roles in various human diseases, its function in cerebral ischemic stroke remains unclear. A cell model of oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) were constructed. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the expression of miR-20b and TXNIP. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Targetscan and Starbase were used to predict the potential targets of miR-20b. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to determine the interaction between miR-20b and TXNIP. Rescue experiments were conducted to confirm the functions of miR-20b/TXNIP axis in cerebral ischemic stroke. MiR-20b was significantly downregulated after I/R both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR-20b inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis and attenuated ischemic brain injury in rat model. Bioinformatic prediction suggested that TXNIP might be a target of miR-20b, and luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-20b negatively regulated TXNIP expression by directly binding to the 3’-UTR of TXNIP. Downregulation of TXNIP inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis in vitro and ischemic brain injury in vivo. Rescue experiments indicated that downregulation of TXNIP effectively reversed the effect of miR-20b inhibitor in neurons apoptosis after OGD/R-treatment and ischemic brain injury in a mouse model after MCAO/R-treatment. Our study demonstrated that upregulation of miR-20b protected the brain from ischemic brain injury by targeting TXNIP, extending our understanding of miRNAs in cerebral ischemic stroke.

Suffering is prevalent in the palliative care population and is an important factor affecting the quality of life of palliative care patients and their family caregivers. In this paper, we review the assessment content, measurement methods, current application status and advantages and disadvantages of suffering assessment tools for palliative care patients, analyze the problems of current suffering assessment tools for palliative care patients and make suggestions, aiming to provide reference for palliative suffering treatment in China.